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Developments in Hybrid Si – SiC Power Modules (2006)

Skibinski, G. ; Braun, D. ; Kirschnik, D. ; [et al.]

s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland

Materials science forum Vol. 527-529 (Oct. 2006), p. 1141-1147

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ISSN: 1662-9752

Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008

Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics

Notes: This paper investigates utilization of silicon carbide (SiC) Schottky power diodes asinverter Free Wheel Diodes (FWD) in a commercially available standard Econopak module alsopackaged with latest generation low-loss IGBT silicon. Static and switching characteristics of SiCdiodes over standard module operating temperature 25 0C to 125 0C (298 0K - 398 0K) aremeasured. Module Turn-on, Turn-off and conduction losses vs. frequency are calculated andmeasured for three phase motor drive operation. Measurements are compared to standard modulesusing all Silicon (Si) IGBT- diode. System benefits justifying the increased SiC diode cost, suchas EMI reduction, increased efficiency, reduced magnetic filter volume and reduced coolingrequirements at higher allowable switching frequencies is investigated

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/13/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.527-529.1141.pdf

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Non-bronchoscopic sampling and culture of bronchial epithelial cells in children (2003)

Doherty, G. M. ; Christie, S. N. ; Skibinski, G. ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd

Clinical & experimental allergy 33 (2003), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-2222

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Background The bronchial epithelium is likely to play a vital role in airway diseases in children, such as asthma and viral-associated wheeze. In adults, studies with primary bronchial epithelial cells cultured from samples obtained by fibre-optic bronchoscopy have provided key insights into the role of the epithelial cell. However, it is difficult to justify bronchoscopy in children to obtain epithelial cells for research purposes.Objective To examine the possibility of retrieving and culturing viable epithelial cells using a blind non-bronchoscopic method from children undergoing elective surgery.Methods Subjects were children undergoing elective surgery under general anaesthesia. Following intubation, non-bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage and non-bronchoscopic bronchial brushing were performed. A sheathed bronchial cytology brush was advanced through the endotracheal tube, wedged and then withdrawn 2–3 cm before gentle sampling was used to collect bronchial epithelial cells. Initial samples were used to characterize the number, type and viability of epithelial cells recovered compared to a control group of adults undergoing standard bronchoscopic sampling. Subsequent samples were used to establish primary bronchial epithelial cell cultures in children both with and without wheezing illness.Results A total of 63 children underwent bronchial brushing [38 male; median age 7.1 years (1.0–14.2 years]. Initial samples (n=30) showed recovery of viable epithelial cells comparable to that from a single brush obtained via a bronchoscope in an adult control group (n=11). In 27 (82%) of the subsequent 33 samples obtained non-bronchoscopically from children, primary bronchial epithelial cell cultures were successfully established. There were no adverse effects attributable to sampling.Conclusion We have shown that non-bronchoscopic bronchial brushing is a safe and effective technique for recovering viable bronchial epithelial cells that consistently yield primary cultures. This method will facilitate examination of the role of the epithelium in paediatric disease.