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  • 1
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Transcranial magnetic stimulation; minor head injury; motor evoked potential; excitability.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This study attempts to find out whether the motor evoked potential (MEP) elicited by single pulse and slow-rate (1 Hz) repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) can disclose concealed subclinical impairments in the cerebral motor system of patients with minor head injury. The motor response to single pulse TMS (STMS) of the patient groups was characterized by significantly higher threshold compared with that of the control group. The central motor conduction time, as well as the peripheral conduction time were normal in all patients pointing to cortical impairment. Two main patterns of MEP changes in response to repetitive TMS (RTMS) were observed in the patient group. A. – progressive decrease of the MEP amplitude throughout the stimulation session to a near complete abolition. B. – irregularity of the amplitude and the waveform of the MEP in a chaotic form. The MEP latency remained stable during the whole stimulation session. The MEP abnormalities recovered gradually over the period of a few months. The higher threshold of the motor response to STMS and the abnormal patterns of the MEP to RTMS seem to reflect transient impairment of cortical excitability or “cortical fatigue” in patients who sustained minor head injures. Further study is needed to evaluated the extent and the pathophysiological mechanisms of the central nervous system fatigue phenomenon following head injury.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 140 (1998), S. 255-259 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Head injuries; gunshot wounds; missile; tangential; blood loss
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Tangential missile injuries are recognized as a cause of cerebral damage by indriven bone fragments, parenchymal lacerations and intracerebral haematomas. Severe blood loss from this type of injury was not reported. Four patients are described in whom high kinetic energy missiles caused severe tangential craniocerebral injuries. Their condition was aggravated by life threatening haemorrhage. The bleeding vessels were cerebral arteries or major veins entrapped in the fracture line and bleeding extracranially. This blood loss cannot be controlled by dressing and salvage could be achieved only by immediate resuscitation, vigorous fluid replacement and very rapid evacuation to a neurosurgical center.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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