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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 30 (1986), S. 239-242 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: cimetidine ; ranitidine ; imipramine demethylation ; desmethylimipramine hydroxilation ; human liver microsomes ; debrisoquine hydroxylase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effect of cimetidine and ranitidine on the demethylation of imipramine (IMI) and on the hydroxylation of desmethylimipramine (DMI) was studied in microsomes from four human livers. Cimetidine inhibited both demethylation of IMI and 2-hydroxylation of DMI, whilst the effect of ranitidine was not statistically significant. 2-hydroxylation of DMI is probably mediated by debrisoquine hydroxylase, a cytochrome P-450 isozyme that is monogenically controlled. The results suggest that cimetidine inhibits this enzyme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 41 (1991), S. 467-470 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Debrisoquine oxidation ; Neuroleptics ; phenothiazines ; thioridazine ; haloperidol ; clothiapine ; phenotypic change
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary. The debrisoquine oxidation phenotype was determined in 91 schizophrenic patients on monotherapy with different neuroleptics and in 67 untreated healthy volunteers. The prevalence of poor metabolizers of debrisoquine was significantly higher in the patients (46.2%) than in the healthy subjects (7.5%). Treatment with phenothiazine antipsychotics (chlorpromazine, levomepromazine and thioridazine) was associated with a higher debrisoquine metabolic ratio than treatment with haloperidol. On the other hand, treatment with clothiapine appeared not to interfere with debrisoquine oxidation. Oral administration of 50 mg thioridazine daily to 8 healthy subjects resulted in a marked increase in the debrisoquine metabolic ratio and 4 of them were transformed into phenotypically poor metabolizers. The results confirm the fact that phenothiazines, and to a lesser extent haloperidol, inhibit the oxidative metabolism of debrisoquine. They show also that clothiapine administration does not disturb the debrisoquine metabolic ratio.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 42 (1992), S. 347-348 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Neuroleptics ; Debrisoquine oxidation ; haloperiodol ; phenothiazines ; adverse effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words CYP2D6 ; phenotyping ; Desipramine ; Dex-tromethorphan
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: The clinical relevance of the CYP2D6 oxidation polymorphism in the treatment of depression with desipramine (DMI) was studied prospectively in depressed outpatients. Methods: After CYP2D6 phenotype determination with dextromethorphan, 31 patients were treated with oral DMI at a dosage of 100 mg per day for 3 weeks. At the end of the 3rd week of treatment, severity of depressive symptoms was assessed by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale and steady-state plasma concentrations of DMI and its metabolite 2-hydroxydesipramine (2-OH-DMI) were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results: Plasma DMI levels were significantly correlated with dextromethorphan metabolic ratio. The two patients with the poor metabolizer phenotype showed the highest plasma concentrations of DMI and complained of severe adverse effects, requiring dosage reduction. No significant correlation was found between plasma levels of either DMI or DMI plus 2-OH-DMI and antidepressant effect. Conclusion: These findings indicate that the dextromethorphan metabolic ratio has a great impact on steady-state plasma levels of DMI in depressed patients and may identify subjects at risk for severe concentration-dependent adverse effects. On the other hand, this index of CYP2D6 activity does not seem to predict the degree of clinical amelioration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Carbohydrate Research 221 (1991), S. 253-257 
    ISSN: 0008-6215
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Schizophrenia Research 6 (1992), S. 93 
    ISSN: 0920-9964
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics 26 (1994), S. 287-319 
    ISSN: 0066-4189
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 1 (1989), S. 1865-1875 
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A comparison of the turbulence structure of subsonic and supersonic boundary layers reveals that, despite broad similarities, significant differences exist. The length scales derived from space-time correlations indicate that the spanwise scales are almost identical but that the streamwise scales in the supersonic flow are about half the size of those in subsonic flow. The large-scale structures in the subsonic boundary layer appear to move slightly slower, and lean more toward the wall than those observed in supersonic flows, and their shear stress content is distributed differently among the four quadrants. These observations should have a strong impact on deriving turbulence models for high Reynolds number supersonic flows.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 17 (1994), S. 365-374 
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The critical issues are examined in the application of constant-temperature hot-wire anemometry to hypersonic boundary layers. While continuous turbulence measurements are more challenging to make in hypersonic flows, it is shown here that the difficulties can be overcome for a wide range of flow conditions. An extensive review of the literature reveals that many of the heat transfer complexities associated with hypersonic anemometry have already been resolved. Frequency-response tests, calibration results and boundary-layer measurements in hypersonic flow are also presented. A hot-wire frequency response of about 500 kHz was obtained in a Mach 11 flow, and the resulting boundary-layer spectra are smooth and repeatable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 12 (1992), S. 359-368 
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The use of crossed-wire probes to measure simultaneously the instantaneous stream-wise and normal velocities in supersonic turbulent flows has enabled researchers to investigate the characteristics of organized structures more fully. This paper examines both the practical aspects of using crossed-wire probes in supersonic flow and several methods of converting the resulting signals into useful quantities. Three small perturbation methods are compared in a Mach 2.9 boundary layer, and it is shown that the higher-order terms neglected in the traditional first-order perturbation analysis can alter the instantaneous velocity signals. This is particularly true for regions of intense streamwise mass flux fluctuations. A fourth method, which calculates the instantaneous flow angle directly from the inclined-wire formulation of King's Law, is introduced and discussed. While this method is potentially more accurate than the small perturbation techniques, it is more sensitive to parameter drift during the period between the wire calibration and actual testing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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