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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Are there distinct biochemical subtypes of depression? EEG characteristics of clinically defined on-drug responders and non-responders
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Affective Disorders 15 (1988), S. 181-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 0165-0327
    Keywords: Biochemical subtypes ; Depression ; EEG dynamics
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0165-0327(88)90088-2
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interindividual variability of lithium-induced EEG changes in healthy volunteers
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Psychiatry Research 20 (1987), S. 117-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 0165-1781
    Keywords: Lithium ; electroencephalogram ; healthy volunteers ; mode of action ; response ; vigilance
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0165-1781(87)90004-7
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of bright white light therapy on non-seasonal depressive disorder - Preliminary results
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Affective Disorders 19 (1990), S. 15-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 0165-0327
    Keywords: Bright white light ; Non-seasonal major depressive disorder
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Medicine , Psychology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0165-0327(90)90004-R
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stationäre Behandlung depressiver Patienten Konzeptuelle Überlegungen und Ergebnisse eines Pilotprojekts zur Qualitätssicherung in Baden-Württemberg (1998)
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 69 (1998), S. 59-65 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Qualitätssicherung ; Strukturqualität ; Prozeßqualität ; Ergebnisqualität ; Psychiatrie ; Depressive Störungen ; Key words Quality assurance ; Structure quality ; Process quality ; Outcome quality ; Psychiatry ; Depressive disorder
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Quality-assurance activities will become more important in psychiatry during the next few years. In relation to other medical disciplines, some special aspects concerning structure, process and outcome quality as well as practical realization and methodologic aspects must be considered. These specific issues were the focus of a study dealing with the treatment of depressed inpatients. The experiences and results as well as considerations concerning future quality-assurance projects are discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Qualitätssicherungsmaßnahmen werden in den nächsten Jahren in der Psychiatrie zunehmend an Bedeutung gewinnen. Gegenüber anderen medizinischen Teildisziplinen zeichnen sie sich im Bereich der Psychiatrie durch eine Reihe von Besonderheiten aus und zwar sowohl im Hinblick auf die Struktur-, Prozeß- als auch Ergebnisqualität. Gleiches gilt auch für die Durchführung von Qualitätssicherungsprojekten aufgrund von methodischen Überlegungen. Diese speziellen konzeptuellen sowie methodischen Aspekte wurden versucht, bei der Durchführung eines Pilotprojekts zur stationären Behandlung depressiver Patienten zu berücksichtigen. Über Erfahrungen, Ergebnisse sowie weiterführende Überlegungen wird berichtet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001150050239
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Das Konstrukt Lebensqualität Metaanalytische Validierung und die Entwicklung eines modularen Erhebungssystems (1999)
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 70 (1999), S. 41-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Lebensqualität ; Metaanalyse ; Depressive ; Schizophrene ; Facettenanalyse ; Modulares System ; Key words Quality of life ; Metaanalysis ; Depression ; Schizophrenia ; Facet analysis ; Modular system
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The construct Quality of Life (QoL) is investigated by metaanalysis of eight (inter)nationally validated questionnaires in a multicenter study. Data have been collected in a mentally healthy (n=479), a depressed (n=171) and a schizophrenic (n=139) sample. Conventional psychometric criteria and a facet analytical methodology have been applied. The resulting questionnaire „Modular System for Quality of Life” (MSQoL) consists of a core module with 47 items (one „G-factor” and six subdimensions), which is sufficiently valid for all three samples. Additionally, there are four specific modules (demography, family, partnership, profession). No specific modules can be identified for the psychopathological subgroups. The validated radex structure for subjective QoL offers the opportunity for a cumulative research design and for adaptations to the actual setting.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In einer von der Arbeitsgruppe „Lebensqualität (LQ)” der „Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Methodik und Dokumentation in der Psychiatrie” (AMDP) unterstützten multizentrischen Studie wird das Konstrukt Lebensqualität (LQ) anhand von acht (inter)national validierten Erhebungsinstrumenten sowie einer gesunden (n=479), einer depressiven (n=171) und einer schizophrenen (n=139) Stichprobe metaanalytisch untersucht. Neben herkömmlichen psychometrischen Kriterien liegt der methodische Schwerpunkt dabei auf einem facettenanalytischen Vorgehen. Der resultierende Fragebogen „Modulares System zur Lebensqualität” (MSLQ) besteht aus einem für alle 3 Stichproben hinreichend validen Kernmodul mit 47 Items (ein „G-Faktor” und 6 Subdimensionen) sowie 4 spezifischen Modulen (Demographie, Familie, Partnerschaft, Beruf). Für die psychopathologischen Subgruppen lassen sich keine spezifischen Module etablieren. Die validierte Struktur der subjektiv eingeschätzten Lebensqualität (in Form einer facettenanalytischen Radexkonstellation) bietet die Möglichkeit zu einer kumulativ angelegten Forschung und einer untersuchungsspezifischen Anpassung des MSLQ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001150050399
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prediction of neuroleptic on-drug response in schizophrenic in-patients by EEG (1988)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 237 (1988), S. 144-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: EEG ; Schizophrenia ; Neuroleptic treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The subjects were 34 acutely ill in-patients who met the RDC criteria of schizophrenic psychosis, and 4 EEGs were recorded from each patient before, 2 h and 24 h after oral intake of a single dose of 150 mg perazine, and on the 28th day of the neuroleptic treatment period. As a criterion of clinical response a decrease of at least 66% in the schizophrenia-specific sum score of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale on day 28 relative to the baseline value was decided upon. The EEGs were assessed using a newly developed procedure which takes into consideration 4 derivations simultaneously. As we tried to search out EEG variables with predictive value the statistical data analysis underlying our findings should largely by regarded as exploratory. Independent of day, responders (R) showed a tendency towards more low voltage desynchronized epochs (non-A stage) than non-responders (NR). Thus, R exhibited a higher degree of dynamic variability or a broader range of control of the spontaneous vigilance fluctuation (dynamic lability) than NR (dynamic rigidity). Furthermore, R and NR differed with respect to their time-dependent changes of non-A epoch frequencies before medication. While R showed a monotonous increase which is typical for normals, NR did not. Because of considerable inter-individual variability these group differences could not be used for individual prediction of the therapy response. By means of a qualitative data analysis R could be distinguished from NR with regard to various test dose-induced changes of the topographical distribution of absolute alpha power. All the group differentiating variables showed a time course of the same kind: R showed a prompt and ample deflection and the same recovery of baseline; NR, in contrast, showed no significant deflections at all. These findings are in line with the results concerning the dynamics of vigilance and certain claims of earlier authors according to which EEG changeability should be decisive for therapeutic outcome. The prediction power could be enhanced considerably by means of a classification procedure for qualitative data, which allows a combination of two variables. Allowing the three qualities increase, decrease and no change a combination of two variables rendered 32 = 9 possible answer patterns, the individual patient showing only one of these patterns, of course. A correct classification of 26 out of the 34 patients (76.5%) was achieved by 12 different 2-fold combinations of variables. Eventually, we tried to base an individual prediction upon a multitude of selected, clearly response predicting answer patterns. We were governed by the idea that a patient who shows the total number of the response predicting answer patterns, can be regarded as R with much higher probability than a patient who shows only half the number or even none of them.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00451282
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impaired performance in a saccadic tracking task in schizophrenic patients (1989)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 239 (1989), S. 58-61 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Schizophrenia ; Visuospatial tests ; Scanpath ; Tracking test ; Medication effects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The performance of schizophrenic patients in a task which requires a sequence of saccades guided by visuospatial cues is reported. A previous study recording eye movements determined a highly increased number of fixations neccessary for this task in acute schizophrenic patients compared with normal controls. The performance of normal control subjects of different age groups and the correlation between the performance in the tracking task and the results of a clinical psychological test battery are described. Schizophrenic patients in a partly remitted state and in a remitted or mildly chronic state performed this task worse than matched control subjects; this was particularly indicated by the time score. The relation to the lifetime dosage of neuroleptic medication is considered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01739745
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Negative symptoms in schizophrenia: considerations for clinical trials (1994)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 115 (1994), S. 221-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Schizophrenia ; negative symptoms ; clinical trials ; psychiatric status rating scales ; neuroleptics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract There is little agreement about the methodology of clinical trials of antipsychotic drugs in patients with negative symptoms. A literature review revealed wide variation in experimental design, rating scales and study duration. This reflects differing views as to the definition and response to treatment of negative symptoms. Some degree of standardization would improve comparability of studies and aid the development of new compounds. Patients included in such studies should have displayed negative symptoms for at least 6 months. Depressive symptoms, positive schizophrenic symptoms and extrapyramidal signs may all influence or be confused with negative symptoms and may respond to treatment; they should be at a low level at baseline and should be measured during the study period. Studies should last at least 8 weeks. Several scales are available for measuring negative symptoms and are reviewed; a global impression score should be used additionally.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02244775
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ein Vergleich von vier Beschwerdenlisten (1980)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 229 (1980), S. 145-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Symptom list ; Test comparison ; Beschwerdenlisten ; Testvergleich
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zur Zeit stehen im deutschen Sprachbereich 4 Beschwerdenlisten (BL, FBL, BFB, KASSL) zur Verfügung, die empirisch ausreichende Angaben liefern, wodurch eine Beurteilung möglich wird. Im Vordergrund von BL, FBL und BFB stehen Items aus den physiologisch und physiologisch/ physischen Bereichen, während die KASSL mehr psychische Probleme anspricht. Bei allen vier Verfahren ist die Berechnung von Globalscores aufgrund der Faktoren- und Itemanalysen gerechtfertigt; am wenigsten trifft dies für den BFB zu. Reliabilitätsangaben sind für alle 4 Verfahren vorhanden und deuten auf gute formale Charakteristika hin, d. h. Beschwerden-Scores lassen sich reliabel erfassen. Der Stellenwert von Beschwerdenbereichen (Subskalen) ist bisher noch zu wenig geklärt und bedarf weiterer Untersuchungen. Bei allen 4 Verfahren ist das Problem der Veränderungsdiagnostik bisher zu wenig geklärt. Für Beschwerdengesamtwerte ist am ehesten die BL aufgrund ihrer breiten Testangaben zu verwenden.
    Notes: Summary At present there are four lists of symptoms in German (BL, FBL, BFB, KASSL) for which sufficient empirical data permit an evaluation. The BL, FBL, and BFB lists relate to items of the physiologic and physiologic/ psychic fields, whereas the items of the KASSL refer more to psychic problems. With all four procedures the computation of global scores is justified by factor and item analyses, although the results of the BFB are least satisfactory. Information about reliability exists for all lists and point to favorable formal characteristics, i.e., symptom scores permit reliable assessment. The importance of symptom configurations is still ambiguous and needs further investigation. Measuring change with the four lists is a problem which is unsolved and needs further reflection. Because of its broad basis of test information the BL global score is recommended for use.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00343079
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Verlaufserfassung der Befindlichkeit bei depressiven Patienten (1998)
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 69 (1998), S. 586-591 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Befindlichkeit ; Selbstrating ; Visuelle Analogskalen ; Key words Emotional states ; Self-rating ; Visual analogue scales
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Three short, respectively promising self-rating scales used for the assessment of emotional states, especially depression, were examined: a visual analogue scale with only five items, a short version of the so-called „adjectives list” and a differentiated scale for recording current emotions, possible susceptibility to them and the ability to express them. We checked statistical parameters of item analysis, reliability, validity and time course measurement. This study was carried out with depressive inpatients (n=35) at the time of admission and 4 weeks later in beginning remission. All three scales proved to be reliable (Cronbach-α between 0.48 and 0.97) and partially very valid instruments (concurrent validity between 0.04 and 0.87). In order to improve the documentation of a beginning response to therapeutic efforts, separate recordings of depressive subsyndromes such as „impetus” or „positive emotionality” seem to be quite promising approaches.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Wir untersuchten 3 kurze bzw. vielversprechende Selbstratingskalen zur Abbildung emotionaler, insbesondere depressiver Befindlichkeit: eine sehr einfache visuelle Analogskala mit nur 5 Items, eine Kurzform der „Eigenschaftswörterliste” und eine sehr differenzierte Skala zur Erfassung von gegenwärtiger Ausprägung, möglicher Ansprechbarkeit und Ausdrucksfähigkeit verschiedener Emotionen. Hierzu überprüften wir statistische Kennwerte der Itemanalyse, Reliabilität, Validität und Verlaufsmessung anhand einer Stichprobe stationärer depressiver Patienten (n=35) bei Aufnahme und nach 4 Wochen in weitgehender Remission. Die Verfahren erwiesen sich als reliable (Cronbach-α zwischen 0.48 und 0.97) und z.T. sehr valide Instrumente (konkurrente Validität zwischen 0.04 und 0.87), die jedoch zur zuverlässigen Verlaufsmessung noch weiter validiert werden müßten. Vielversprechend erscheinen Ansätze, depressive Subsyndrome wie etwa „Antrieb” oder „positive Emotionalität” getrennt zu erfassen, um so z.B. beginnende Therapieresponse besser dokumentieren zu können.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001150050315
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