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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Application of coincidence techniques to fusion product measurements (1986)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 57 (1986), S. 1766-1768 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Measurement of two products of a fusion reaction in coincidence is proposed. Possible detector arrays and sample count rates have been evaluated for reactions in the Fontenay-aux-Roses tokamak (TFR) and the Texas experimental tokamak (TEXT) and in the tokamak fusion test reactor (TFTR) neutral beam lines. The count rates indicate that this method is feasible on existing devices.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1139175
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detector array for the measurement of the 14.7-MeV proton emission from TFTR (1986)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 57 (1986), S. 1771-1773 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The magnitude of the d(3He, p) α fusion emission is measured on the tokamak fusion test reactor (TFTR) by detection of the prompt losses of 14.7-MeV protons. This system consists of four detectors poloidally distributed along the bottom of TFTR. Each detector spatially resolves 14.7-MeV protons which are born above the detector and which grad B drift into the detector.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1139177
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Study of the detached plasma regime in TFTR using the MIRI far-infrared interferometer (1986)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 57 (1986), S. 1999-1999 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Plasmas have been formed in the tokamak fusion test reactor (TFTR) which separate completely from the limiter and are called detached plasmas. The physical evidence for the separation from the limiter is that all the ohmic input power is radiated away at the plasma boundary which can be 10→30 cm inside the limiter. The 10-chord multichannel MIRI interferometer system has been used to diagnose this region and follows the formation of the detached state through a MARFE. MIRI indicates that a plasma ∼0.5→1×1013 cm−3 occurs in the region between the luminous boundary and the limiter. This work was supported by U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-76-CHO-3073.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138770
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tokamak ion temperature and poloidal field diagnostics using 3-MeV protons (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 501-518 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The 3-MeV protons created by d(d, p)t fusion reactions in a moderately sized tokamak leave the plasma on trajectories determined by the position of their birth and by the poloidal magnetic field. Pitch-angle resolution of the escaping 3-MeV protons can separately resolve the spatial distribution of the d(d, p)t fusion reactions and the poloidal field distribution inside the tokamak. These diagnostic techniques have been demonstrated on PLT with an array of collimated surface barrier detectors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138277
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fusion product measurements in tokamaks (invited; abstract) (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 1133-1133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Diagnostic methods and the applications of fusion product measurements in tokamaks are reviewed with emphasis on results from PLT, PDX, and TFTR. Measurements have been made using the 2.5-MeV neutron from the d(d, n)3He reaction, the 3-MeV proton from the d(d, p)t reaction, both the 3.7-MeV alpha and the 14.7-MeV proton from the d(3He, p)α reaction, and the 14-MeV neutron from the d(t, n)α reaction. The common use of these measurements is the determination of the ion temperature from the magnitude of the d-d neutron emission. For tokamak plasmas, these results are usually in good agreement with the charge exchange ion temperature. Recently, the charged fusion products have been used for high-resolution spectroscopic purposes, and emission profile measurements. Pitch angle resolution of the escaping 3-MeV proton emission has been used to determine the poloidal magnetic field inside the tokamak. Major issues in this field include the expected tritium operation on TFTR where the neutron measurements will determine when tritium will be introduced into the TFTR vessel and provide a measurement of the fusion power multiplication value (Q). The TFTR Q∼1 experiments will also provide a chance to measure the confinement of 3.5-MeV alphas in a tokamak.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138196
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Collimated ZnS (Ag)-detector array for Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor neutron source strength radial profile measurements (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 56 (1985), S. 1081-1083 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Time-resolved radial profile measurements of neutron source strength and Ti are required to determine ion energy balance especially during sawtooth oscillations and adiabatic compression. We describe the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) vertical multichannel (10) collimator, two channels of which are now being completed. ZnS detectors will be used (Bicron 720) to reject γ rays and scattered neutrons, and operated in both count rate and current modes. The frequency response is limited by counting statistics and sampling times, but resolves compression times (approximately-equal-to)15–30 ms and Ti collapse times during sawtooth (approximately-equal-to)2–3 ms. The collimator consists of the 6-ft test cell floor plus ∼2-ft detector shield. Detector cross talk is calculated to be negligible. The dynamic range of the detectors is (approximately-greater-than)106, covering the range from ohmically heated deuterium (2.5 MeV neutron emissions of (approximately-greater-than)1013 s−1) to deuterium-beam heated tritium plasmas (14 MeV, (approximately-less-than)1019 s−1).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138229
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recent progress toward high performance above the Greenwald density limit in impurity seeded discharges in limiter and divertor tokamaks : The 42nd annual meeting of the division of plasma physics of the American Physical Society and the 10th international congress on plasma physics (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 8 (2001), S. 2188-2198 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An overview is given of recent advances toward the realization of high density, high confinement plasmas with radiating mantles in limiter and divertor tokamaks worldwide. Radiatively improved mode discharges on the Torus Experiment for Technology Oriented Research 94 (TEXTOR-94) [Proceedings of the 16th IEEE Symposium on Fusion Engineering, 1995 (Institute for Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Piscataway, NJ, 1995), p. 470] have recently been obtained at trans-Greenwald densities (up to n¯/nGW=1.4) with high confinement mode free of edge localized modes (ELM-free H-mode) confinement quality. Experiments in DIII-D [J. Luxon et al., Proceedings of the 11th IAEA Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research (International Atomic Energy Association, Vienna, 1987), Vol. 1, p. 159] divertor plasmas with a low confinement mode edge have confirmed the dramatic changes in confinement observed with impurity seeding on TEXTOR-94. Recent experiment with impurity seeding on the Joint European Torus [Rebut et al., Fusion Eng. Des. 22, 7 (1993)], and the Japanese Atomic Energy Research Institute Tokamak 60 Upgrade [Horiike et al., Fusion Eng. Des. 16, 285 (1991); Hosogane et al., Proceedings of the 16th IAEA Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research Montreal, 1987 (International Atomic Energy Association, Vienna, 1987), Vol. 3, p. 555] have extended high confinement in ELMy H-mode plasmas to higher densities. Finally, recent progress in the physical understanding of radiating mantle plasmas is summarized. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1364513
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TFTR epithermal neutron detector system: Recalibration and effect of nonisotropic neutron emission (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 59 (1988), S. 1682-1684 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The primary TFTR neutron source strength measurement system consists of seven fission detectors previously calibrated with D–D and D–T neutron generators and a 252Cf neutron source inside the TFTR vacuum vessel. A recalibration became desirable because of the addition of major components to the tokamak. The new calibration with the D–D neutron generator in situ is consistent with the detection efficiencies measured in the previous calibrations, within the uncertainties. Effects of the anisotropic emission of the neutron generator, due both to the variation of the differential D–D yield with angle (similar to that from beam–target and beam–beam reactions in the beam-driven TFTR plasma) and to scattering and absorption by the generator heads have been observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140132
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calibration of a surface barrier detector for 14-MeV neutron flux measurements on TFTR (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 59 (1988), S. 1718-1720 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Nuclear reactions in silicon semiconductor detectors with an energy threshold above 2.5 MeV can be used to measure dt neutrons in a high background of low-energy dd neutrons. This allows the measurement of 14-MeV neutrons from the d(t, n)α reaction in deuterium plasmas, where the tritons from the d(d, t)p reaction create 14-MeV neutrons due to burnup. Measurements with a surface barrier detector are presented together with the calibration of such a detector to measure the absolute 14-MeV neutron source strength.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140144
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neutron spectroscopy on TFTR (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 59 (1988), S. 1732-1734 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A 3He ionization chamber was used to measure neutron spectra on TFTR during 1987. The ion temperature was deduced for one set of Ohmically heated plasmas and agreed within 20% with that measured by other diagnostics. The absolute efficiency was calibrated using a d–d neutron generator.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1140094
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