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  • 1
    ISSN: 0584-8547
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Chromatography A 248 (1982), S. 155-159 
    ISSN: 0021-9673
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Chromatography A 279 (1983), S. 649-655 
    ISSN: 0021-9673
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0021-9673
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 330 (1988), S. 581-587 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Different methods were tested for the determination of low NO2 levels in ambient air using solid adsorbent sampling. The most promising technique was found to be adsorption on a diphenylamine(DPA)-coated surface. The formed reaction products were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography. Compared with classical wet-chemical techniques considerably lower detection limits and blank values were obtained (typically 〈0.05 Μg NO2/m3 at a sample volume of ≥1 m3 and a sample flow rate of 1–2 l/min). At levels larger than 1–2 Μg NO2/m3 the results from ambient air measurements were in good agreement with a modified Griess-Saltzmann procedure using impinger sampling. A detailed description of the sampling conditions, working procedure and recovery rates are given. Other solid adsorbent sampling techniques based on triethanolamine-coated solids were also tested but in general the collection efficiency was unsatisfactory. The described DPA method is well-suited for remote area sampling of concentrations well below 1 Μg NO2/m3.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 311 (1982), S. 665-673 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A method has been developed for the determination of very low concentrations (pg/m3) of organic chlorinated compounds in air. Chlorinated benzenes, hexachlorocyclohexanes, polychlorinated biphenyls and the DDT group. Since most of the atmospheric burden of such compounds occurs in the gas phase, a high volume sampling method has been developed using carefully precleaned polyurethane foam as collection medium. Samples of 2000–4000 m3 were taken at different sites in the Arctic. The foam quality as well as the precleaning procedure of the foam and the clean-up of the sample are described in detail. The recovery of both the extraction and sample pretreatment was in the range of 80–115% for nanogram amounts. Sampling efficiency for the first foam plug was 80–100%. The sampling efficiency is influenced by different factors (temperature, air humidity, sampling volume). For quantification and identification, the highly selective methods of negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry and electron capture detection were combined with high resolution gas chromatography. The detection limit of the method was for most compounds less than a few pg/m3. Some preliminary data from the Arctic measurements are presented and are briefly discussed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das beschriebene Verfahren dient zur Bestimmung von chlorierten Verbindungen (chlorierte Benzole, Hexachlorcyclohexane, polychlorierte Biphenyle, DDT-Gruppe) in niedrigen Konzentrationen (pg/m3) in Luft. Da die meisten dieser Verbindungen gasförmig vorkommen, wurde eine Probenahmemethode für große Volumina unter Verwendung von sorgfältig vorgereinigtem Polyurethanschaum als Adsorptionsmedium entwickelt. Proben von 2000–4000 m3 wurden an verschiedenen Stellen der Arktis genommen. Die Vorbehandlung des Schaums und der Probe wird ausführlich beschrieben. Bei ng-Mengen lag die Wiederfindung bei 80–115%. Die Leistungsfähigkeit der ersten Schaumschicht lag bei 80–100%. Durch Temperatur, Luftfeuchtigkeit und Probenahmevolumen wird die Leistungsfähigkeit beeinflußt. Zur Identifizierung und quantitativen Bestimmung wurde die Negativionen-Massenspektrometrie mit chemischer Ionisation und die EC-Detektion mit der Hochleistungs-Gas-Chromatographie kombiniert. Die Nachweisgrenze lag für die meisten Verbindungen bei weniger als einigen pg/m3. Einige Daten der arktischen Messungen werden vorgestellt und kurz diskutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 306 (1981), S. 356-361 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Fluorid in Luft ; Chromatographie, Ionen/Potentiometrie ; Methodenvergleich
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The methods of ion-chromatography and potentiometry for the determination of fluoride in air and airborne dust are described. An ionchromatographic method for the direct determination of fluoride in absorption solutions and filter extracts has been developed. Results are compared with those of a modified potentiometric method using an ionselective electrode. Fluoride concentrations in different air samples from the working atmosphere and in dust from aluminium reduction cell ventilation air were determined. The use of aluminium complexing agents for the potentiometric method is discussed and different quantification methods for this technique have been investigated. Results of both techniques were compared using known standards from an intercalibration study and real samples from an aluminium plant, with fluoride concentrations of 2–300 ppm. The detection limit for the two methods is on the order of 0.1 ppm.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Methoden zur ionen-chromatographischen und potentiometrischen Bestimmung von Fluorid in Luft und Luftstaub werden beschrieben. Ein ionen-chromatographisches Verfahren wurde entwikkelt zur direkten Fluoridbestimmung in Absorptionslösungen und Filterextrakten. Die Ergebnisse werden mit denen verglichen, die durch eine modifizierte potentiometrische Methode mit ionenselektiver Elektrode erhalten wurden. Die Fluoridgehalte wurden in verschiedenen Proben von Betriebsluft und im Staub der Abluft einer Aluminium-Reduktionszelle bestimmt. Der Nutzen von Aluminium-Komplexierungsmitteln für die potentiometrische Methode wird diskutiert und verschiedene Quantifizierungsmethoden werden untersucht. Der Methodenvergleich wurde an Hand von Standards aus Ringversuchen sowie von realen Proben aus einem Aluminiumwerk durchgeführt (F-Gehalte von 2–300 ppm). Die Nachweisgrenze liegt bei beiden Methoden im Bereich von 0,1 ppm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary column ; HPLC prefractionation ; MS ; ECD ; Substituted PAHs ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method is described which allows the determination of different substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) such as NO2-PAH, carbazoles, keto-PAH, and aza-arenes in aerosol samples. Liquid CO2-extraction is used to minimize the loss of reactive compounds. High performance liquid chromatography on chemically activated silica is employed to prefractionate the samples into subfractions with a minimum of overlap between different PAH compound classes. Both electron capture detection and negative ion chemical ionization combined with capillary gas chromatography are used for identification and quantification. The latter method also allows distinction between isomers with different toxic properties when N2O/CH4 reaction gas mixtures are used. Selectivity for tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins as against pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls can be improved by this technique. The applicability of the method is critically discussed and different examples are given.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of High Resolution Chromatography 5 (1982), S. 417-423 
    ISSN: 0935-6304
    Keywords: Gas chromatography ; Capillary column ; Liquid chromatography (HPLC) for sample work-up ; Electron capture detection ; Negative ion chemical ionization MS ; Nitro-PAH detected without interference by carbazoles ; Detection limit for two to four ring nitro PAH 10-200 pg/m3 ; Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A method is described which allows the determination of subnanogram concentrations of mono- and dinitrated polyaromatic hydrocarbons with two to four ring systems in aerosol samples. High performance liquid chromatography is used to separate the nitro compounds from other classes of substances. Carbozoles elute in the same fraction. Both electron capture detection and negative ion chemical ionization mass spectrometry combined with capillary gas chromatography are used for quantification. Use of these two methods leads to a considerable improvement of selectivity and sensitivity for nitrated compounds. In contrast to the situation with a nitrogen-sensitive detector, carbazoles do not interfere and detection limits in the order of 10-200 pg/m3 are possible. The applicability of the method is critically discussed. Determination of nitrated polyaromatic hydrocarbons in aerosol samples from an aluminum smelter serves as an example.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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