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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Simulation of the Transport of Ion-Exchanging Solutes Using Laboratory-Determined Chemical Parameter Values (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Ground water 19 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-6584
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geosciences
    Notes: The practical application of simulation models of the movement of chemically reacting contaminants requires the evaluation of several chemical parameters in addition to those basic hydrogeologic and hydrodynamic parameters required to model conservative constituents. This paper deals with the use of laboratory-determined chemical parameter values in the simulation of the transport of ion-exchanging solutes governed by local chemical equilibrium. The transport model has been applied to a field operation involving the injection of advanced-treated municipal waste water into an alluvial aquifer in the Palo Alto (California) Baylands region.Basic hydrogeologic parameters, such as porosity, bulk density, and aquifer thickness, were determined by analysis of observation well logs and core samples. Data on the breakthrough of a conservative tracer at various observation wells were utilized to determine an approximate velocity field and the dispersivity values. The chemical parameters (selectivity coefficients and cation-exchange capacity) were determined using standard batch experiments conducted in the laboratory using aquifer core material. With these parameter values, the model was run to predict the breakthrough of major cations at the observation wells. The predicted results agree very closely with the actual field data. This agreement suggests that laboratory-determined chemical parameters can be successfully used in field-scale transport simulations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6584.1981.tb03514.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An instrument for measuring turbulent pressure fluctuations (1986)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 57 (1986), S. 666-673 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An instrument is described for laboratory measurements of the fluctuating static pressure in the turbulent boundary layer above progressive water waves. It consists of a disk-shaped sensing head properly designed to minimize the dynamic pressure variation to an acceptable level, a commercially available piezocrystal transducer housed inside a casing, and a forward-bent connecting tube. Pressure fluctuations sampled by the disk are converted into an electrical signal by the piezocrystal transducer. Through low-pass filtering, only the frequency range of interest is retained. The instrument was tested successfully for frequency response, dynamic and mechanical noise sensitivity, and response to spurious pressure fluctuations (produced when operating in a Eulerian wave-following mode) inside a cylindrical chamber and in a wind–wave facility, and some sample results along with the calibration procedures and data analysis are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1138887
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A dynamic mixed subgrid-scale model and its application to turbulent recirculating flows (1993)
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 5 (1993), S. 3186-3196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The dynamic subgrid-scale eddy viscosity model of Germano et al. [Phys. Fluids A 3, 1760 (1991)] (DSM) is modified by employing the mixed model of Bardina et al. [Ph.D dissertation, Stanford University (1983)] as the base model. The new dynamic mixed model explicitly calculates the modified Leonard term and only models the cross term and the SGS Reynolds stress. It retains the favorable features of DSM and, at the same time, does not require that the principal axes of the stress tensor be aligned with those of the strain rate tensor. The model coefficient is computed using local flow variables. The new model is incorporated in a finite-volume solution method and large-eddy simulations of flows in a lid-driven cavity at Reynolds numbers of 3200, 7500, and 10 000 show excellent agreement with the experimental data. Better agreement is achieved by using the new model compared to the DSM. The magnitude of the dynamically computed model coefficient of the new model is significantly smaller than that from DSM.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.858675
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Complex cavities: Are two dimensions sufficient for computation? (1990)
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 2 (1990), S. 619-622 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A two-dimensional numerical solution of the flow in a lid-driven cavity with a cutoff is compared with a physical experiment of the same flow. The Reynolds number of the flow is 3200. The results show that whereas the numerical solution is steady, the physical flow is unsteady and oscillates between three different flow modes. The oscillation is ascribed to unsteady three-dimensional structures in the flow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.857822
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trajectory and entrainment of a round jet in crossflow (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 10 (1998), S. 2323-2335 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This paper examines the trajectory and entrainment characteristics of a round jet in crossflow. A series of large eddy simulations was performed at Reynolds numbers of 1050 and 2100 and at jet to crossflow velocity ratios of 2.0 and 3.3. Trajectories, which are defined based on the mean streamlines on the centerplane, all collapse to a single curve far from the jet exit, and this curve can be represented with a power law fit. Within this power law region, entrainment of crossflow fluid is shown to be the primary mechanism by which the jet trajectory is determined. Upstream of the power law region, near the jet exit, jet trajectory varies from changes in pressure drag and from differences in the turbulence intensities in the incoming pipe flow. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.869751
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Numerical simulation of three-dimensional flow in a cavity (1985)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 5 (1985), S. 561-575 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Cavity Flow ; Incompressible Flow ; Control-Volume Formulation ; Navier-Stokes Equations ; QUICK ; Convection Scheme ; Taylor-Görtler Vortices ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Previous three-dimensional simulations of the lid-driven cavity flow have reproduced only the most general features of the flow. Improvements to a finite difference code, REBUFFS, have made possible the first completely successful simulation of the three-dimensional lid-driven cavity flow. The principal improvement to the code was the incorporation of a modified QUICK scheme, a higher-order upwind finite difference formulation. Results for a cavity flow at a Reynolds number of 3200 have reproduced experimentally observed Taylor-Görtler-like vortices and other three-dimensional effects heretofore not simulated. Experimental results obtained from a unique experimental cavity facility validate the calculated results.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650050606
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the numerical computation of laminar boundary layers at a phase-changing, gas-liquid interface (1985)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 5 (1985), S. 957-980 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Gas-liquid Flows ; Laminar Boundary Layers ; Heat and Mass Transfer ; Numerical Methods ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The two-dimensional, laminar boundary-layer equations of heat, mass and momentum at a smooth, phase-changing, gas-liquid interface are solved numerically by the Keller Box method. The gas and liquid regimes are embedded in a single marching scheme which computes interfacial parameters implicitly. Results of both self-similar and non-similar boundary-layer computations are presented and effects of mild pressure gradient, a mean current in the liquid, and free-stream vapour concentration on the interfacial parameters are analysed.In order to assess the accuracy of the method, several self-similar problems are solved by Runge-Kutta integration and results are compared to those obtained by the finite-difference scheme. Agreement is excellent in all cases.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650051103
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-linear transient phenomena in a complex recirculating flow: A numerical investigation (1988)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 8 (1988), S. 769-802 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Three-dimensional cavity flow ; Incompressible flow ; Taylor-Görtler vortices ; Secondary flows ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A role of numerical methods in engineering research is illustrated in the present work, namely the use of computer algorithms as experimental facilities. A complex recirculating flow in a three-dimensional cavity was simulated and an extensive data base was generated which complements data measured in concurrent physical experiments. The objective of this numerical investigation was to improve understanding of physical phenomena in recirculating flows. The dominant physical phenomena in this shear-driven flow simulation are Taylor-Görtler vortices. These structures are intimately coupled with the primary recirculating flow and the effects of end-wall viscous damping.
    Additional Material: 21 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650080704
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Three-dimensional unsteady flow simulations: Alternative strategies for a volume-averaged calculation (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical Methods in Fluids 9 (1989), S. 341-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 0271-2091
    Keywords: Unsteady ; Fluid flow ; Navier-Stokes ; Simulation ; SIMPLE ; PRIME ; QUICK ; ICCG ; MG ; Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This work builds on a SIMPLE-type code to produce two numerical codes of greatly improved speed and accuracy for solution of the Navier-Stokes equations. Both implicit and explicit codes employ an improved QUICK (quadratic upstream interpolation for convective kinematics) scheme to finite difference convective terms for non-uniform grids. The PRIME (update pressure implicit, momentum explicit) algorithm is used as the computational procedure for the implicit code. Use of both the ICCG (incomplete Cholesky decomposition, conjugate gradient) method and the MG (multigrid) technique to enhance solution execution speed is illustrated. While the implicit code is first-order in time, the explicit is second-order accurate. Two- and three-dimensional forced convection and sidewall-heated natural convection flows in a cavity are chosen as test cases. Predictions with the new schemes show substantial computational savings and very good agreement when compared to previous simulations and experimental data.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fld.1650090308
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