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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Roughness transitions of diamond(100) induced by hydrogen-plasma treatment (1998)
    Springer
    Applied physics 66 (1998), S. 1159-1163 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 61.16.Ch; 68.35.Ct; 52.75.Rx; 62.40.+i; 61.72.Hh
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: rms (PFM), with no obvious anisotropic structures at the surface. After exposure of the B-doped diamond(100) to the H-plasma, the roughness increases dramatically, and pronounced anisotropic structures appear, these being closely aligned with the crystallographic axis’ and planes. An exposure for 3 minutes to the plasma leads to an increase of the roughness to 2–4 nmrms (STM), and a ‘brick-wall’ pattern appears, formed by weak cusps running along 〈110〉. Very frequently, the cusps are replaced by ‘negative’ pyramids that are bordered by {11X} facets. After an exposure of an additional 5 minutes, the surface roughness of the B-doped samples increases further to 20–40 nmrms (STM), and frequently exhibits a regular pattern with structures at a characteristic length scale of about 100 nm. Those structures are aligned approximately with 〈110〉 and they are faceted with faces of approximately {XX1}. These results will be discussed in terms of strain relaxation, similar to the surface roughening observed on SiGe/Si and anisotropic etching.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390051318
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fatal graft versus host disease after platelet transfusions in a child with purine nucleoside phosphorylase deficiency (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 148 (1989), S. 312-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Transfusion ; Severe combined immunodeficiency ; PNP deficiency ; Graft versus host disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Fatal graft versus host disease (GVHD) developed in a child with purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) deficiency following an unirradiated platelet transfusion. IV treatment with an anti-T-cell monoclonal antibody (CD7) led to a transient improvement of his GVHD (Grade IV) but did not prevent the fatal outcome. This report emphasizes the need for blood products to be irradiated when cell mediated immunodeficiency is suspected, even in patients with residual immunocompetence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00444121
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neurodevelopmental delay and focal seizures as presenting symptoms of human immunodeficiency virus I infection (1989)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 148 (1989), S. 315-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: HIV infection ; Immune deficiency ; Neuro-developmental delay ; CSF folate levels
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Three children presenting with neurological symptoms were subsequently diagnosed as being infected with the human immunodeficiency virus I (HIV). All children showed normal development for about 12–18 months of age but later developed psychomotor and developmental regression. One child presented with generalised hypotonia, another with focal seizures, and the third with spastic quadriplegia. Two of the children showed areas of abnormal brain density on computed tomography and in one case there was calcification of the basal ganglia. In two of the children cerebrospinal fluid contained reduced amounts of total folate and elevated concentrations of neopterin. The possibility of a link between the deranged folate metabolism and the neurological symptoms in HIV infections is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00444122
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Successful bone marrow transplantation and treatment of BCG infection in two patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (1991)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 150 (1991), S. 477-480 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: BCG infection ; Severe combined immunodeficiency ; Omenn syndrome ; Bone marrow transplantation ; Hypertrophic non-obstructive cardiomyopathy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report successful bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in two patients with severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID), who had developed BCG infection following neonatal vaccination. Patient 1 had Omenn Syndrome, associated with hypertrophic nonobstructive cardiomyopathy. Patient 2 had SCID due to adenosine deaminase deficiency. This communication demonstrates that with appropriate anti-mycobacterial cover, immunological reconstitution together with full recovery from BCG infection can be achieved by BMT. As demonstrated by persistant negative Mantoux tests, specific cell-mediated immunity to BCG was not acquired following BMT. We suggest that these children may continue to be at risk from mycobacterial infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01958426
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Triticone A: A novel bioactive lactam with potential as a molecular probe
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 157 (1988), S. 174-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-291X(88)80029-9
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Triticone A: A novel bioactive lactam with potential as a molecular probe
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 157 (1988), S. 174-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0006-291X(88)80029-9
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    OLIGOSACCHARIDES IN HUMAN MILK: Structural, Functional, and Metabolic Aspects (2000)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Nutrition 20 (2000), S. 699-722 
    Details
    ISSN: 0199-9885
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Research on human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) has received much attention in recent years. However, it started about a century ago with the observation that oligosaccharides might be growth factors for a so-called bifidus flora in breast-fed infants and extends to the recent finding of cell adhesion molecules in human milk. The latter are involved in inflammatory events recognizing carbohydrate sequences that also can be found in human milk. The similarities between epithelial cell surface carbohydrates and oligosaccharides in human milk strengthen the idea that specific interactions of those oligosaccharides with pathogenic microorganisms do occur preventing the attachment of microbes to epithelial cells. HMOs may act as soluble receptors for different pathogens, thus increasing the resistance of breast-fed infants. However, we need to know more about the metabolism of oligosaccharides in the gastrointestinal tract. How far are oligosaccharides degraded by intestinal enzymes and does oligosaccharide processing (e.g. degradation, synthesis, and elongation of core structures) occur in intestinal epithelial cells? Further research on HMOs is certainly needed to increase our knowledge of infant nutrition as it is affected by complex oligosaccharides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.nutr.20.1.699
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mucosal mast cell activation patterns in the rat following repeated feeding of antigen (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 20 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Groups of rats previously sensitized systemically on day 0 with a low dose of ovalbumin (OVA) were gavaged daily with ovalbumin or bovine serum albumin or a mixture of both proteins from day 14 to 18. Blood samples were obtained pre- and post-challenge and serum levels of the rat mast cell protease II (RMCPII) determined by immunoassay. Release of this specific mucosal mast cell mediator was only observed in animals challenged with ovalbumin and the initial challenge released levels of RMCPII 15-fold higher than normal resting levels (P 〈 0·001). Subsequent daily challenges evoked the release of significantly lower levels of mediator (P 〈 0·00l relative to day 14), but with one exception each test group released significantly more RMCPII than the matched control group on each day (P 〈 0·001 =P= 0·015). An increased uptake of BSA ‘bystander’ protein was observed when OVA-sensitized animals were repeatedly gavage-challenged with OVA but there was no correlation with the release of RMCPII mediator. After a 9-day rest period the levels of RMCPII released 6 hr post-challenge on day 26 were still significantly lower (P= 0·004) than the levels of mediator released on day 14. In contrast, animals not previously challenged were still capable of releasing high levels of mediator at the time of first mucosal contact. The levels of RMCPII detected in the serum after enteral protein antigen challenge never exceeded 6000 ng/ml and were lower than those previously observed in parasitized rats following intravenous antigen challenge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1990.tb02804.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Epicutaneous exposure to peanut protein prevents oral tolerance and enhances allergic sensitization (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing
    Clinical & experimental allergy 35 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Food allergies are an important cause of life-threatening hypersensitivity reactions. Oral tolerance can be considered the default immune response to dietary antigens, with immune deviation resulting in allergic sensitization. However, primary sensitization to food allergens may not solely be through the gastrointestinal mucosa, as strong T-helper type 2 (Th2)-biased immunity can result from exposure to protein allergens on barrier-disrupted skin.Objective The purpose of this study was to examine whether exposure to allergens through the skin may interfere with the normal development of oral tolerance and promote allergic sensitization to food proteins.Methods Female BALB/c mice were exposed epicutaneously to peanut protein and induction of systemic oral tolerance through high dose feeds of peanut protein was subsequently assessed. Other mice were rendered tolerant prior to epicutaneous peanut exposure. Sensitivity to peanut was determined by assessing delayed-type hypersensitivity, proliferative, cytokine and antibody responses.Results Epicutaneous exposure to peanut protein induced potent Th2-type immunity with high levels of IL-4 and serum IgE. Primary skin exposure prevented the subsequent induction of oral tolerance to peanut in an antigen-specific manner. Upon oral challenge, mice became further sensitized and developed strong peanut-specific IL-4 and IgE responses. Furthermore, animals with existing tolerance to peanut were partly sensitized following epicutaneous exposure.Conclusion Epicutaneous exposure to peanut protein can prevent induction of oral tolerance, and may even modify existing tolerance to peanut. Epidermal exposure to protein allergens selectively drives Th2-type responses, and as such may promote sensitization to food proteins upon gastrointestinal exposure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02260.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental intestinal hyper sensitivity. Effect of four anti-allergic drugs on protein uptake, permeability to sugars and mucosal mast-cell activation (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 25 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The ability of four drugs with anti-allergic action to modulate the uptake of bystander protein, lactulose/rhamnose permeability ratios and mast cell activation was studied in rats presensitized with egg albumin in alum and challenged intraduodenally with the same antigen. Beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) and nedocromil both significantly reduced the uptake of the bystander protein, bovine serum albumin (P 〈 0.002 and P〉0.02 respectively). BDP also significantly reduced sugar permeability (P〈0.1). In animals with elevated lactulose/rhamnose permeability ratios we confirmed our earlier observation of a significant correlation between levels of the specific mucosal mast cell protease Rat Chymase II (RChyII-previously known as RMCPII) and the sugar ratios. None of the drugs had any influence on the levels of mast cell protease II released following challenge and there was no correlation between the histological light microscopic appearance of the mast cells and the experimental treatment administered. Our results suggest that in the gut the pharmacological effect of anti-allergic drugs may be complex. Some, such as nedocromil, appear to act only on the mechanisms underlying increased protein uptake whereas others, such as BDP, appear to abrogate both increased protein uptake and increased sugar permeability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1995.tb01076.x
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