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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sequential polypeptides of elastin: cyclic conformational correlates of the linear polypentapeptide (1981)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 103 (1981), S. 2080-2089 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00398a035
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrogen-deuterium substitution and solvent effects on the nitrogen-15 nuclear magnetic resonance of gramicidin S: evaluation of secondary structure (1978)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 17 (1978), S. 2490-2494 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00606a005
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Methylmercury-induced changes in the activities of neurotransmitter enzymes in nervous tissues of the rat (1982)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 51 (1982), S. 285-294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Methylmercury ; Neurotransmitter ; Enzyme ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The activities of neurotransmitter-metabolizing enzymes were determined in the nervous tissues of rats treated with methylmercury chloride (10 mg/kg/day, for 7 days). The activity of choline acetyltransferase was lowered consistently in the cytosol and synaptosomal fractions of the brain in methylmercury-treated rats, while changes in acetylcholinesterase activity in the brain subcellular fractions were small. In peripheral nerves, decreases in activities of choline acetyltransferase in the sciatic nerve and of acetylcholinesterase in the dorsal root were most profound. Decreases in these enzyme activities started at an early phase and increased markedly with the progress of intoxication. The activity of acetylcholinesterase in the dorsal root ganglion and in the sciatic nerve was also inhibited significantly at the latent period and more profoundly at the symptomatic period at which time crossing of hind limbs, a typical sign of organomercurial poisoning, was observed in the animals. Activities of tyrosine hydroxylase and monoamine oxidase were elevated in the brain homogenate and especially in the synaptosomal fraction with respect to the former enzyme after methylmercury treatment. Effects of methylmercury in vitro on the activities of these enzymes revealed that a much higher amount of methylmercury was required to produce in vitro an inhibitory action equivalent to that observed in vivo. These results suggest that the neurotoxic action of methylmercury could be mediated, at least in part, through the level of neurotransmitter enzymes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00317007
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decrease in protein phosphorylation in central and peripheral nervous tissues of methylmercury-treated rat (1987)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 59 (1987), S. 346-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Methylmercury ; Protein phosphorylation ; Peripheral nerves ; Sciatic nerves ; Myelin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The protein phosphorylation in extracts of nervous tissues of rats acutely exposed to methylmercury chloride (seven daily injections of 10 mg methylmercury chloride/kg body weight) was examined. In the brain, the phosphorylating activity was dependent on cAMP and Mg2+. The effect of methylmercury on the phosphorylation of brain proteins, including tubulin and MAP-2, was hardly discernible. In peripheral nervous tissues such as the dorsal and ventral roots, sciatic nerves and dorsal root ganglia, the phosphorylating activity was dependent on Ca2+, and the maximal activity was obtained when the tissues were extracted in the presence of 1% Triton X−100. SDS-Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed that the major phosphorylated proteins in the peripheral tissues were myelin proteins. The effects of methylmercury were not uniform regarding protein species and tissues. The most marked changes were observed in sciatic nerves, in which phosphorylation of the 33 kDa, 28 kDa, 19 kDa, 18 kDa and 15 kDa proteins was significantly decreased in the symptomatic phase of intoxication.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00295088
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vivo effect of methylmercury on protein synthesis in peripheral nervous tissues of the rat (1982)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 49 (1982), S. 203-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Methylmercury ; Protein synthesis ; Peripheral nerve ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The in vivo rates of protein synthesis in the peripheral nervous tissues of methylmercury-treated rats (10 mg/kg/day, for 7 days) have been estimated with improved methods by the injection of a large amount of [l-14C]valine of low specific activity. Protein synthesis activity in the dorsal root ganglia was inhibited to the extent of 60% of the control as early as day 5 and this continued to the symptomatic period (day 15) on which crossing of hind limbs, a typical sign of organomercurial poisoning, was observed in the animals. The sciatic nerves and dorsal roots increased protein synthesis by 56% at the symptomatic period. These increases in protein synthesis may be due to the stimulation of reactivity of Schwann's cells. On the contrary, the protein synthesis in the ventral roots showed a gradual decrease as the intoxication proceeded and decreased to 73% of the control at the symptomatic period, being similar to the case of the brain. The double-labeling studies with sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis exhibited that methylmercury inhibited the synthesis of the dorsal root ganglion proteins non-uniformly in various apparent molecular sizes, especially on day 10.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00347868
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vivo and in vitro effects of methylmercury on the activities of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in rat brain (1988)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 62 (1988), S. 470-472 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Methylmercury ; Aminoacyl tRNA synthetase ; Brain ; Protein synthesis ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The activities of six aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase species were determined using enzyme preparations partially purified from the brains of control and methylmercury (MeHg)-treated rats. The activities of Asp-, Leu- and Tyr-tRNA synthetases were significantly reduced in the brains of MeHg-intoxicated rats, whereas those of Lysand Met-tRNA synthetases remained unchanged. In contrast, the activity of His-tRNA synthetase was significantly increased in the symptomatic phase of MeHg intoxication. The activities of these six aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases in the control brains were affected to different extents on the direct addition of MeHg to the assay system in vitro. No positive correlation was observed between the in vivo and in vitro effects of MeHg on the enzyme activities. These results indicate that the aminoacylation of tRNA is one of the actions of MeHg, which leads to inhibition of protein synthesis, and it is suggested that the syntheses of cellular proteins may be modified in different ways by MeHg, depending on their amino acid compositions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00288352
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stimulation of protein and RNA synthesis by methylmercury chloride in the liver of intact and adrenalectomized rats (1981)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 47 (1981), S. 113-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Methylmercury ; Protein synthesis ; Liver ; Adrenal ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract (1) A single injection of methylmercury chloride in the rat (10–50 mg/kg) increased both in vivo and in vitro rates of 14C-leucine incorporation into the protein of the post-mitochondrial supernatant fraction of the liver. In contrast, no stimulation of protein synthesis was observed in the brain of the methylmercury-treated rats. (2) Methylmercury administration also stimulated RNA polymerase activities in isolated hepatic nuclei, stimulation of Mg-dependent activity being higher than that of Mn-dependent activity. (3) In experiments with adrenalectomized rats, it was found that the stimulatory effect of methylmercury on protein and RNA synthesis in the liver was mediated partly through the adrenal gland. (4) Analysis of serum by starch-block electrophoresis revealed that synthesis of all serum proteins, including albumin and α-γ globulin fractions, was stimulated by methylmercury treatment. (5) These results suggest that the observed effects of methylmercury on the liver depend on mechanisms other than enhancement of the synthesis of acute-phase proteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00332353
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of methylmercury on zinc-thionein levels of rat liver (1981)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 47 (1981), S. 125-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Methylmercury ; Metallothionein ; Zinc ; Rat liver
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The induction of metallothionein synthesis by administration of methylmercury chloride was studied. A repetitive sc dose of methylmercury chloride to rats in amounts of 10 mg/kg/day for 3 days produced profund hypozincemia and 3-fold increase of hepatic zinc bound to metallothionein by the initial 24 h. The incorporation of 35S-cysteine into hepatic metallothionein was about 4 times larger for rats treated with methylmercury, which was comparable with it for rats treated with cadmium, than for control rats. These results suggest the induction of de novo synthesis of metallothionein by administration of methylmercury, although methylmercury was found to be unable to bind to produced metallothionein both in vivo and in vitro. A stress produced by methylmercury administration appears to be involved in the induction of hepatic zinc-thionein by methylmercury, though its mechanism is not clear.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00332354
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alteration in RNA synthesis in the dorsal root ganglia of methylmercury-treated rats (1985)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 56 (1985), S. 236-241 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Methylmercury ; RNA synthesis ; Dorsal root ganglion ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The effect of methylmercury in vivo on the incorporation of 3H-uridine in vitro into RNA of dorsal root ganglia of the rat was examined. Modified methods for the incubation of the tissue and extraction of RNA were applied to adequately determine the rate of RNA synthesis. Methylmercury significantly decreased the RNA content and RNA synthetic activity only in the symptomatic period, while uptake of the precursor into the acid-soluble pool remained unchanged. These results indicate that the previously reported inhibition of protein synthesis in dorsal root ganglia at an early phase of methylmercury intoxication was not due to impairment RNA synthesis in this tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00295160
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential effects of methylmercury on the synthesis of protein species in dorsal root ganglia of the rat (1989)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 63 (1989), S. 226-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Methylmercury ; Protein synthesis ; Dorsal root ganglion ; Two-dimensional electrophoresis ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Dorsal root ganglia from control and methylmercury(MeHg)-treated rats were incubated in vitro with 35S-methionine ant the proteins synthesized were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis. The double labelling method, in which proteins of control dorsal root ganglia labelled in vitro with 3H-leucine were added to each of the two samples as an internal standard, was used to minimize unavoidable errors arising from the resolving procedure itself. The results obtained showed that the effect of MeHg on the synthesis of proteins in dorsal root ganglia was not uniform for individual protein species in the latent period of MeHg intoxication. Among 200 protein species investigated, 157 showed inhibition of synthesis close to that of the total proteins in the tissue (68% of the control). Among the remaining protein species, 20 showed real stimulation of synthesis, whereas 7 were moderately inhibited and 16 were inhibited more strongly than the total proteins in the tissue. These results suggest that the effect of MeHg on the synthetic rates for protein species in dorsal root ganglia differs with the species, and that unusual elevation or reduction of the synthesis of some protein species caused by MeHg may lead to impairment of normal nerve functions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00316373
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