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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 19 (1980), S. 10-14 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Human pregnancy ; gestational diabetes ; glucose infusion test ; insulin response ; insulin sensitivity ; human placental lactogen ; progesterone ; oestradiol 17-β
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using a glucose infusion test insulin responses and insulin sensitivities were studied in 15 gestational diabetic women at 36–40 weeks gestation. In all women intravenous glucose tolerance had returned to normal at six weeks postpartum. Twelve women had a repeat glucose infusion test done 7–24 weeks (mean 17 weeks) postpartum. The results were compared with previously evaluated normal non-pregnant and normal pregnant standards and insulin responses below the normal 15th percentile were defined as “low”. Twelve women had “low” insulin responses in late pregnancy, and six had “low” insulin responses postpartum. The mean insulin sensitivity index of 1.34±1.21 (mean ±SD) was significantly higher in the gestational diabetic group during pregnancy compared with a control pregnant group at 0.53±0.21 (p〈0.01). The findings in this study support the hypothesis that gestational diabetes may arise in women who are unable to achieve adequate insulinogenic compensation to pregnancy. Increased insulin sensitivity in gestational diabetes may be a compensatory mechanism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 19 (1980), S. 15-20 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Human pregnancy ; glucose infusion test ; insulin response ; insulin sensitivity ; intravenous glucose tolerance test ; human placental lactogen ; progesterone ; oestradiol 17-β
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To study insulin response and insulin sensitivity a glucose infusion test was devised. Twenty normal non-pregnant and twenty normal pregnant women had an intravenous glucose tolerance test followed by a glucose infusion test. In a normal pregnant group at 38–40 weeks gestation (n=20) the plasma insulin response was found to be 3.7 times greater than that observed in a normal non-pregnant group (n=20), while in the normal pregnant group the insulin sensitivity index was only 18 per cent of that observed in the non-pregnant group. Intravenous glucose tolerance in the non-pregnant women was observed to correlate with the insulin sensitivity index (r=0.61, p〈0.05) but in the pregnant women it correlated with the insulin response (r=0.66, p〈0.01). These findings support the hypothesis that in the non-pregnant state intravenous glucose tolerance may be primarily related to insulin sensitivity while during pregnancy it may be related to the degree of compensatory hyperinsulinism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 92 (1985), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. A new form of obstetric imaging using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has been assessed for use in pregnancy. A total of 92 examinations were performed in 62 women during the second and third trimesters in both normal and complicated pregnancies including 14 with diabetes, six with pre-eclampsia and four with intrauterine growth retardation. Our experience has shown that NMR imaging gives excellent differentiation of both maternal and fetal tissues, and because of complete penetration both superficial and deep structures have been clearly identified. The best fetal images were obtained most consistently in the third trimester providing good detail of brain, lungs, liver, heart, bladder, subcutaneous fat, placenta and umbilical cord while maternal tissues were clearly seen at all gestations. As this form of imaging uses no ionizing radiation it offers an alternative means with unique capabilities for investigating pregnancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 88 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Maternal serum PP5 concentrations were assayed in pregnancies complicated by intrauterine growth retardation, pre-eclampsia, diabetes mellitus, placental abruption and twins. Elevated PP5 levels were noted in twin pregnancies and to a lesser extent in diabetes and pre-eclampsia. Measurement of PP5 was of no value in the detection of fetal growth retardation. The great majority of PP5 levels above the normal range were associated with a placental abnormality.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The fasting plasma glucose and fasting plasma insulin levels of eight normal outpatient primigravidae have been studied over six successive days at 37 weeks' gestation. In addition, the fasting plasma glucose in six primigravidae, who were in-patients in a metabolic unit, has been measured on three successive days. It is concluded that while there is in general little day-to-day variation in both fasting plasma glucose and fasting plasma insulin, the plasma glucose was significantly elevated on the first day of the study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 84 (1977), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A new and specific method is used for the measurement of plasma free fatty acids (FFA) in pregnancy. Fasting plasma FFA and glucose concentrations were measured serially in twenty normal and twelve overweight women in pregnancy and related to infant birth weight. Large variation between individuals was noted for FFA and no change was found with advancing gestation. Studies of the day-to-day variation in the same women at 20 and 36 weeks gestation showed wide variations in concentrations. No significant change in glucose concentration was noted with advancing gestation, but postnatal values were significantly higher. Small variability of glucose concentrations was noted in both the serial and day-to-day studies. In normal-weight women a positive correlation between the observed birth weight of their infants and the fasting plasma glucose levels was found at 20 and 40 weeks and also with the mean of 5 levels measured in pregnancy. No similar correlation was found for the group of overweight women.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 84 (1977), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 80 (1973), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: No significant difference was found in intravenous glucose tolerance between 95 women who had had proteinuric pre-eclampsia more than 10 years previously and a control group of 58 women with no history of pre-eclampsia. Obesity, defined as above standard weight for height, was more common in the pre-eclamptic group than in the control group but the difference was not significant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Pregnancy ; glucose tolerance test ; blood glucose ; infant ; newborn ; birth weight ; asphyxia neonatorum ; abnormalities
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To study the effects on the fetus of variations in maternal glucose tolerance, a 25 g rapid intravenous glucose tolerance test was performed at or about 32 weeks gestation in 917 randomly selected nondiabetic women with singleton pregnancies. The results were withheld from the patients and their obstetricians and paediatricians, and no treatment or advice was offered. Fasting plasma glucose and indices of glucose disposal (including a new index which we have termed “summed glucose”) were distributed unimodally, with no evidence of a separate pathological group towards the diabetic end of the distributions. Significant associations were found between maternal glucose metabolism and var ious measures of neonatal nutrition and morbidity, including the incidence of congenital malformations and morbidity related to asphyxia, suggesting that variations within the normal range in maternal glucose metabolism can influence growth and development in the fetus. These relationships were continuous throughout the range of maternal glucose tolerance and were not of predictive value in individual cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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