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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 20 (1981), S. 489-494 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Edible dormouse (Glis glis) ; hibernating mammal ; dynamics of insulin release ; insulin secretion ; glucose-stimulated insulin secretion ; perfused pancreas ; B cell ; seasonal variations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In order to characterize seasonal variations of beta cell function in the edible dormouse (Glis glis), the dynamics of insulin release were examined during perfusion of the isolated pancreas. The B cells exhibited biphasic insulin secretion; however, the dynamic response differed from that of the rat in that there was a steady-state second release phase. Glucose-induced insulin release changed according to the seasons. With 16.8 mmol/l glucose, the average insulin release of the late phase was 30.8 ±12.6 ng/min in winter, 7.4±3.2 ng/min in spring, 13.1±3 ng/min in summer and 23.3±4.4 ng/min in autumn. The glucose-induced insulin release, expressed as percent of the insulin content of the pancreas, varied according to the season: it represented 2.23±0.31% in winter, 1.28±0.10% in spring, 1.56±0.15 in summer and 2.6±0.11 in autumn. It is suggested that in spring and summer, the edible dormouse B cell secretion mechanism is less sensitive to glucose than in the other seasons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'≪insulinémie apparente≫ a été estimée dans des serums de rats ou des mélanges d'insuline et d'adrénaline par les méthodes du diaphragme et du tissu adipeux de rat. Chez le rat, l'autogreffe ou l'énucléation de la surrénale augmentent l'≪insulinémie apparente≫, alors que l'adjonction d'adrénaline à un sérum normal la diminue. L'adrénaline, à concentrations physiologiques, n'agit pas en antagoniste, mais en inhibiteur de l'insuline. Enfin, l'augmentation de l'≪insulinémie apparente≫ consécutive à la dilution du sérum semble être due, à la fois, à la dilution des substances antagonistes et inhibitrices, en particulier de l'adrénaline, et à la libération d'une fraction insulinique normalement masquée dans le sérum entier.
    Abstract: Zusammenfassung Die insulinähnliche Aktivität von Rattenserum und Insulin-Adrenalin-Mischungen wurde mit der Zwerchfell- sowie mit der Fettgewebs-Methode gemessen und in μE/ml ausgedrückt. Demedullation oder Transplantation der Nebenniere bei der Ratte steigert die insulinähnliche Aktivität, die Zugabe von Adrenalin zum Normalserum dagegen vermindert sie. In physiologischen Konzentrationen wirkt Adrenalin nicht als Antagonist, sondern als Inhibitor des Insulins, da Adrenalin in Abwesenheit des Insulins ohne Effekt auf das Zwerchfell und auf das Fettgewebe ist. Die durch Verdünnen des Serums auftretende Steigerung der insulinähnlichen Aktivität scheint zwei Ursachen zu haben: Die Verdännung der hemmenden Substanzen (Adrenalin) und die Freisetzung einer im unverdünnten Serum unwirksamen Insulinfraktion.
    Notes: Summary The insulin-like activity (ILA) of rat serum and of insulin-adrenaline mixtures was estimated by both rat diaphragm and rat adipose tissue methods and expressed in μ units/ml. The ILA of the rat serum strikingly increases after demedullation or transplantation of the adrenal gland; the addition of adrenaline to normal rat serum decreases its ILA. In “in vitro” experiments, it was found that adrenaline exhibits an inhibitory but not antagonistic effect upon insulin activity, i.e. that adrenaline has no action upon muscle or adipose tissue in the absence of insulin. Finally the rise of the ILA provoked by dilution of rat serum seems to be due to the dilution of inhibitory substances (such as adrenaline) and to the liberation of an insulin fraction which is masked in the whole serum.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Diabetologia 26 (1984), S. 76-80 
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Rat ; islets of Langerhans ; oestradiol treatment ; adrenal glands ; corticosterone treatment ; insulin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Ovarian-adrenal interactions on insulin secretion during oestradiol treatment were studied in sham-operated, ovariectomized and adrenalectomized-ovariectomized female rats, the latter thus treated to suppress interference from endogenous hormones. Islets of Langerhans isolated from oestradiol or oestradiol + corticosterone treated and control rats were incubated with various glucose concentrations. Oestradiol treatment enhanced basal and glucose stimulated insulin secretion from sham-operated (+12%) or ovariectomized rats (+24%). This effect disappeared in adrenalectomized-ovariectomized rats but reappeared when adrenalectomized-ovariectomized rats were treated with oestradiol + corticosterone (+37%). A 14-day oestradiol treatment had a trophic effect on total protein content independent of adrenal presence (+14%; +15%; +31%; +23% versus respective control groups). Our data demonstrate that corticosterone is necessary for the stimulating effect of oestradiol on insulin secretion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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