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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Neurotoxicity ; Neurofilament ; Quail ; Axonopathy ; β,β′-Iminodipropionitrile
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Morphological effects of a neurotoxin, β,β′-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) were analyzed in normal and cogenitally neurofilament (NF)-deficient Japanese quails. These quails (6 weeks old) were injected intraperitoneally with IDPN (0.2 g/kg body weight) three times every 3 days. They were necropsied at 10 to 12 days after the first injection. In normal quails, axonal swellings were observed histologically in the ventral motoneurons, ventral root, commissura grisea and spinal ganglion in the cervical and synsacral spinal cord. Electron microscopically, the changes consisted of increased NFs, with scattered mitochondria, smooth endoplasmic reticulum and microtubules. The myelin sheaths of the involved nerves were thinner than those of the normal axons. These lesions were similar to those induced by IDPN intoxication in mammalian experimental animals. In NF-deficient quails injected with IDPN, no axonal changes were detected. These findings suggested that IDPN selectively attacked the NFs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Nerve growth factor receptor ; S-100β protein ; Neurofibroma ; Schwannoma ; Von Recklinghausen disease
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In situ expression of nerve growth factor (NGF) receptors in human dermal and plexiform neurofibroma, schwannoma and traumatic neuroma was examined by an immunohistochemical method using a monoclonal anti-human NGF receptor antibody. Immunoreactivity for the NGF receptor was observed on the principal cells of both neurofibroma and schwannoma. Immunostaining by the anti-S-100β protein antibody in adjacent sections suggested that the vast majority of NGF receptor-positive cells were also positive for S-100β protein. In traumatic neuroma, staining for the NGF receptor was more intense in the perineurium than in the endoneurial cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: High molecular weight neurofilament ; Phosphorylation ; Peripheral nervous system ; Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; Multiple system atrophy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Using monoclonal antibody (Ta-51) that specifically binds phosphorylated high molecular weight neurofilament (pNFH) proteins, we investigated the occurrence of perikaryal pNFH in the spinal ventral horn motoneurons, intermediolateral column (ILC) neurons, sympathetic ganglion neurons and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons obtained from patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and multiple system atrophy (MSA) and from control cases. In the controls, a system-dependent variation in perikaryal Ta-51 immunoreactivity was observed. Very few ventral horn cells and ILC neurons were stained with Ta-51, while large population of DRG neurons and sympathetic neurons were Ta-51 positive. The incidence of perikaryal immunoreactivity in the ventral horn cells was significantly increased in ALS and MSA. Some ILC neurons in ALS were Ta-51 positive and their incidence was significantly higher than that of the controls. These data suggest that both ILC neurons and ventral horn cells are affected with respect to pNFH metabolism in ALS and MSA. No significant difference was, however, detected in the Ta-51 immunoreactivity of both DRG and sympathetic ganglion neurons in ALS and MSA as compared with the controls.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 63 (1985), S. 319-324 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Polyneuropathy ; Sensation ; Ataxia ; Chemotherapy ; Guillain-Barré syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary An account is given of an unusual patient with acute sensory neuropathy, leading within a few weeks to almost generalized sensory loss. Generalized sensory deficits were involved in the face, tongue, and palate. He had a drug allergy from chemotherapy during an early stage of illness. An albuminocytological dissociation of the cerebrospinal fluid was noted in a few months. A sural nerve biopsy after 2 months showed a marked reduction of fibers, and extensive invasion of phagocytes throughout the endoneurium. This patient recovered poorly with profound sensory ataxia of the limbs and tongue. A possible explanation for the clinico-pathological findings may be that acute idiopathic polyradiculoneuritis (Guillain-Barré syndrome) and toxic neuropathy exert an etiological role in the extramedullary sensory system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Pulmonary surfactant  ;  Respiratory distress syndrome  ;  Tracheal aspirate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Surfactant proteins (SP-A and SP-BC), albumin (ALB), and stable microbubble (SM) count were measured in tracheal aspirates from infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) receiving single-dose Surfactant-TA (surfactant group, n = 32) or no surfactant (control group, n = 12), and those without RDS (non-RDS group, n = 8) to determine biochemical and biophysical status of surfactant in the course of RDS after surfactant replacement. Surfactant therapy resulted in immediate and sustained elevations of SP-BC/ALB and SM count with a rapid fall in ventilatory index to levels measured in the non-RDS group, whereas these indices improved slowly in the control group. The SP-A/ALB was initially low in both RDS groups and increased to levels measured in the non-RDS group by age 48 h. Multiple regression analysis showed that SP-BC/ALB, postnatal age, SM count, SM count/SP-A plus SP-BC, and surfactant therapy were independently associated with the severity of RDS as assessed by ventilatory index (r = 0.75, P 〈 0.0001; number of samples = 256). Infants with a relapse response to surfactant (n = 9) had levels of SP-A/ALB and SP-BC/ALB similar to those measured in the sustained group (n = 23), but had significantly lower SM count and SM count/SP-A plus SP-BC between 24 and 96 h of age. Conclusion Surfactant therapy normalizes the sur factant and respiratory status of infants with RDS. Surfactant dysfunction rather than depletion may explain the relapse response seen in some surfactant recipients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Juvenile haemangioma ; Hepatic haemangioma ; Testicular haemangioma ; Interferon alfa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a 2-month-old Japanese boy presenting with large multiple haemangiomas invading his liver. He was treated with daily subcutaneous injection of interferon alfa (IFN-α)-2a with progressive reduction of the hepatic haemangioma. He developed a scrotal mass 2 months after discontinuation of IFN, and this mass eventually required surgical management. Resected tumour was a juvenile haemangioma. The escape of this haemangioma from IFN therapy may be correlated to the quite low level of injected IFN in testis. Conclusion IFN therapy may not be curative for testicular haemangioma although it is effective in shrinking haemangiomas of the liver and skin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Cerebral salt wasting syndrome ; hyponatraemia ; natriuresis ; syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two cases with pituitary tumour developed postoperative hyponatraemia which was not caused by inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. The one case with non-functioning macro-adenoma showed severe hyponatraemia (116 mEq/1) on day 11 after trans-sphenoidal surgery in association with diabetes insipidus (DI). The patient was treated by aqueous pitressin and saline administration to control urinary output and keep positive salt balance at the same time. The other case with GH-producing macro-adenoma showed progressive negative sodium balance with the total loss of 644 mEq resulting in hyponatraemia of 133 mEq/1. This was corrected by additional salt intake. The plasma atrial natriuretic polypeptide (ANP), antidiuretic hormone (ADH) as well as aldosterone levels were normal in the latter case. These patients were considered to manifest primary salt wasting disorder, which should be clearly differentiated from the syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 128 (1994), S. 132-136 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: MRA ; cerebral aneurysm ; angiography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The purpose of this study was to evaluate the high resolution magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) as pre-operative angiography for the detection of ruptured cerebral aneurysms. MRA was performed on 1.5 tesla system using the 3-dimensional time of flight (3D-TOF) method. The field of view was 16 cm or 20 cm and matrix size was 192×256 or 256×512. Twenty patients with ruptured cerebral aneurysms and 35 cases of non-ruptured aneurysms (incidental aneurysm) examined by both conventional angiography and MRA were included in this study. All the ruptured aneurysms were operated on based on the information obtained from conventional angiography and MRA. Aneurysms smaller than 3 mm in size were difficult to visualize on MRA. However, most ruptured aneurysms were clearly visualized because they were generally larger than 3 mm. The image quality of MRA was satisfactory for planning surgery. Screening for non-ruptured cerebral aneurysms using MRA is controversial. However, in ruptured aneurysms larger than 3 mm in size, MRA clearly revealed the aneurysm, and MRA findings were informative enough to plan surgery. It is concluded that this noninvasive examination can be selected as a first-choice examination especially in cases of ruptured aneurysm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Premature rupture; cerebral aneurysm; microsurgery; temporary clipping.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary ¶ The causes and management of intra-operative premature rupture are analysed and discussed.  During the past 6 years, the authors, performed 398 consecutive direct surgical interventions for ruptured cerebral aneurysms. Intra-operative premature rupture is defined as a rupture which occurs before the securing of the parent arteries or the neck of the aneurysm and is out of control, at least temporarily. The causes and management were retrospectively analysed by reviewing video tape recordings.  Intra-operative premature ruptures which met the above definition occurred in 24 cases (6.0%). The causes were as follows: 1.) dural opening and arachnoid opening (8.3%), 2.) haematoma removal (12.5%), 3.) brain retraction (16.7%), 4.) aneurysm dissection (62.5%). A double suction technique was used to control bleeding and haemostasis with a small piece of cotton or a temporary clip, performed in 20 cases (83.3%). However, in cases with premature rupture immediately after the dural or arachnoid opening, the extension of the haematoma into the subarachnoid space resulted in severe brain swelling and partial resection of the brain had to be done to secure temporary clipping. The double suction technique and primary haemostasis using a small piece of cotton or temporary clip resulted in good outcome even in cases with premature rupture. However, very early premature rupture also occurred although its incidence was extremely rare. The removal of part of the brain can secure the working space but the outcome was poor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Solid state phenomena Vol. 107 (Oct. 2005), p. 55-58 
    ISSN: 1662-9779
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: To search possible enhancement of three-body D+D+D fusion reaction in condensed matter, we have studied for 10 years about emitted charged particle spectra from titanium-deuterate (TiDx) samples under low energy D+ beam irradiation. By gas loading technique with changing temperature, we prepared TiDx samples with x = 1.4 - 1.8. A TiDx sample was mounted in a vacuum chamber with cooling and irradiated with 70 – 300 keV D+ beam. A delta-E and E type counter telescope using two Si-SSD detectors was used for charged particle spectroscopy.Charged particles from D+D fusion reactions, e.g., 3MeV protons and 1MeV tritons were observed in every case, as usually expected. Sometimes, in addition, we observed “unknown” peaks at about 4.8MeV, which were identified to be two kinds of particles, i.e., helium and triton. We could not find any candidate reaction channels in two-body nuclear reactions of D+ beam and possible target nuclei (H, D, T, He-3, Li-6, Li-7, Be-9, C-12, N-14, N-15, Ti, etc.) including impurity reactions. We concluded that the 4.8MeV particles were from the D+D+D fusion to the out-going reaction channel of He-3 (4.75MeV) + T(4.75MeV).The yield ratios of [3D]/[2D] were obtained as a function of D+ beam energy in the range of 50 to 300 keV, revealed the increasing trend in the lower energy range than 100 keV and were on the order of 1E-4 which was anomalously large compared with the estimated values on the order of 1E- 30 based on the conventional random nuclear process for the cascade reactions of three-bodyinteraction, i.e, D+D to He-4* and He-4* + D reactions
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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