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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Instruments and Methods 65 (1968), S. 132-136 
    ISSN: 0029-554X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 26 (1996), S. 113-117 
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract In a previous paper an electrochemical method for the removal of dissolved oxygen from water was described. In that work the oxygen-rich water was passed through a three-dimensional cathode and the dissolved oxygen was reduced on the cathode surface to water. In the present study electrochemical oxygen removal and, especially, the scale-up of the deoxygenation cell were investigated. The volume of the three-dimensional cathode was enlarged and suitable cathode materials and membranes were tested. The maximum flow rate and the optimum cell voltage were determined. Finally, two cathodes were connected in parallel flow. A flow rate ten times higher than that of the former laboratory-scale cell was achieved. Over 99.95% of the dissolved oxygen was removed. No significant amount of by-products, hydrogen or hydrogen peroxide, was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 27 (1997), S. 749-755 
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A solid ion-exchange electrolyte was used to solve the problem of low ionic conductivity in three-dimensional electrodes. It was found that packed-bed three-dimensional electrodes, mixed with ion-exchange resins, have good ionic conductivity even when the free electrolyte is distilled water. Ionic group, counter-ion, cross-linking and geometry of the ion-exchanger are the most important parameters when selecting the optimum ion-exchange electrolyte. In most applications, a combination of a strong cation exchanger, small monovalent counter-ions, a low degree of cross-linking and a small particle size gives good ionic conductivity for the three-dimensional electrode.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 27 (1997), S. 1095-1099 
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A solid ion-exchange electrolyte has successfully been used in the electrochemical deoxygenation of low-conductivity water. A packed bed three-dimensional cathode was mixed with ion-exchange resin. Oxygen-rich low-conductivity water was passed through the three-dimensional cathode and the dissolved oxygen was reduced to water. A sufficient ionic conductivity in the three-dimensional electrode was obtained for both distilled water and tap water by small-size strong cation exchange resins in the H+ and Ca2+ forms, respectively. Deoxygenation efficiencies of over 99.9% were achieved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 25 (1995), S. 973-977 
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract A new electrochemical method of oxygen removal has been developed in which oxygen-rich water flows through the three-dimensional cathode of an electrochemical cell. The cathode removes the dissolved oxygen from the water and the anode releases it as gas into the air. By this technique oxygen levels lower than 3 µmg oxygen per kilogram of water can be reached (starting level: oxygen-saturated water, 8000 µg kg−1). This result is better than that obtained by physical methods and is equal to those obtained by chemical methods. Compared with conventional methods, the advantages of the electrochemical method are high effIciency, low energy consumption and avoidance of the use of toxic deoxygenation chemicals.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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