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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spring phytoplankton in the Subarctic North Pacific Ocean (1982)
    Springer
    Marine biology 67 (1982), S. 323-335 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The report includes quantitative and qualitative data on the phytoplankton from the First Canadian Transpacific Oceanographic Cruise from March to May 1969. Nanoplanktonic species (〈20 μm) were numerically dominant and, together with nertic diatoms, made up the larger portion of the biomass at all stations outside the Western Subarctic and Alaskan Gyres, where Denticulopsis seminae predominated. The nanoplankton consisted mainly of haptophycean, dinophycean and cryptophycean flagellates. Tropical oceanic dinoflagellates and diatoms were abundant in the net samples from Station 17 in the warm Kuroshio current but absent from Stations 24–27 in the Western Subarctic Gyre, Stations 2, 37–39 in the Alaskan Gyre, in which cold water oceanic species predominated, and Stations 31 and 33, south of the Aleutians. Subsurface maxima were common on the outward bound (westerly) leg in March.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00397673
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A ciliate red tide at Barrow, Alaska (1970)
    Springer
    Marine biology 7 (1970), S. 37-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In September 1968 the first occurrence of extensive red water in the Arctic Ocean in the vicinity of Point Barrow, Alaska, was recorded. The organism causing this water discoloration was a fairly large (100 to 150 μ) ciliated protozoan, with chlorophyll-containing endosymbionts. This ciliate, which is not identical to the commonly reported Mesodinium or Cyclotrichium species, is described in this paper, but cannot be identified with any organism described in the literature. Concentrations of dissolved inorganic nutrients and trace metals were determined on water samples obtained from the red water and also in the clear water adjacent to it. These data are discussed relative to the hydrographic conditions in the Chuckchi Sea around Point Barrow. A direct species' analysis by microscopic methods indicated that the plankton were quite similar in all the water samples except for the aforementioned red ciliate, which accounted for over 90% of the total cellular organic carbon in the samples from the red water. Chemical analyses indicated that the red tide ciliate contained approximately 51% protein, 33% lipid, 8% carbohydrate, 0.2% chlorophyll a, and 1.2% DNA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00346806
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mosaicism of microplankton communities in the northern Strait of Georgia, British Columbia (1991)
    Springer
    Marine biology 110 (1991), S. 301-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The northern Strait of Georgia, British Columbia, Canada, was sampled five times between March and September 1986, employing a grid of stations spanning the strait. The spring diatom bloom was not observed and may have been suppressed by a combination of wind exposure and grazing by microzooplankton, notably non-loricate oligotrichs and the dinoflagellateGyrodinium spirale. Macrozooplankton were not studied. By June, the ecosystem was dominated by flagellates, and ciliate biomass was three times greater than that of the nanoflagellates. The photosynthetic dominantHeterosigma akashiwo was possibly inhibiting diatom growth, as environmental conditions were conducive to the latter's growth. During late summer (August–September), surface waters became nutrient-depleted and a mosaic of organismal types was formed. The pattern included diatoms on the more turbulent west side, nanoflagellates on the more stable east side, and dinoflagellates in the north associated with frontal boundaries. The driving force behind the mosaic appeared to be tidal turbulence and was most effective at times of advanced water-column stratification. Other points of interest were subsurface concentrations ofChaetoceros species, which were perhaps maintained at the pycnocline by entrainment in areas of high tidal turbulence, and a large ratio of heterotrophic to photoautotrophic biomass, possibly due to mixotrophy in ciliates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01313717
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of high-performance liquid chromatography to investigate the production of paralytic shellfish toxins by Protogonyaulax spp. in culture (1986)
    Springer
    Marine biology 93 (1986), S. 361-369 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Procedures have been developed for the extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxins from Protogonyaulax spp. grown in batch culture. Using these procedures, the toxin content of two isolates of P. tamarensis (NEPCC 183 and 255) and one isolate of P. catenella (NEPCC 355) were examined. Total toxin and individual toxin concentrations were measured for each isolate during the exponential and stationary phases of growth in batch culture. The total toxicity of each isolate as measured by HPLC analysis was found to agree with toxicity as determined by the standard mouse bioassay. Two of the isolates (255 and 355) were found to be toxic and the third (183) was non-toxic. The toxic isolates (255 and 355) both showed higher average total PSP toxin content during the exponential phase (35 and 23 fmol toxin cell-1, respectively) than during the stationary phase (21 and 8 fmol toxin cell-1, respectively). These cultures differed dramatically in their toxin composition. P. tamarensis (255) contained a large proportion of the N(21) sulfo toxins (B1, B2, C1, C2) while P. catenella (355) contained primarily Gonyautoxins 1 through 4. The percent composition of individual toxins was found to be constant throughout the growth cycle for both toxic isolates, even though the total toxin concentration varied. Our results suggest that PSP toxin profiles might be useful as chemotaxonomic indicators.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00401103
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Red Water and Mass-Mortality of Fish near Cape Town (1962)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 195 (1962), S. 1324-1324 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Red water is a common phenomenon around the coasts of South Africa and has been shown to be caused by a variety of different organisms, including dinoflagellates and ciliates. These different organisms appear to be the causes of several distinct phenomena, including mussel poisoning of man and mass ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/1951324a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Form and Function of the Dinoflagellate Transverse Flagellum (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 32 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A reexamination of the dinoflagellate transverse flagellum in relation to swimming in more than 50 species, using a television recording system, has revealed the following new facts: the flagellar beat always proceeds counterclockwise when seen from the cell apex; the cell always rotates in the direction of the flagellar beat, and fluid is propelled in the opposite direction. These observations can be explained by the actions of flagellar mastigonemes not included in previous models. The shape of the flagellar wave is not isotropic. New explanations are offered for other morphological features of the cell as they relate to swimming.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1985.tb03053.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Foreign Organelle Retention by Ciliates (1973)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 20 (1973), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: SYNOPSIS. Intact algal chloroplasts were found by electron microscopy in the peripheral cytoplasm of 2 ecologically important species of planktonic marine ciliates. The exact origin of the chloroplast is uncertain and the periods of their retention by the protozoa is unknown. The 2 ciliate species may function partially or fully as primary producers. In other ciliates algal eye-spots are retained and may actually be utilized. Ecologic and evolutionary implications of the observations are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1973.tb00877.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Effect of the Quantitative Protargol Stain and Lugol's and Bouin's Fixatives On Cell Size: A More Accurate Estimate of Ciliate Species Biomass (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 40 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: . The quantitative protargol stain (QPS) is used to estimate ciliate biomass and species composition from mixed field samples. Length, width, breadth and volume of live Euplotes sp., Eutintinnus sp., Strobilidium spiralis, Strombidium acutum, and Gymnodinium sanguineum were compared with 0.6% acid Lugol's fixed, 5% Bouin's fixed, and QPS cells. Cells shrank due to treatments (ANOVA and Tukey's test, α= 0.05). Protistan post-fixation cell volume (as a percentage of live volume) was 55%-80% for acid Lugol's fixed, 40%-70% for Bouin's fixed, and 30%-65% for QPS. Each species shrank to a different extent; cytostructural elements apparently alter the effect of fixation. Egestion is likely not the main cause of shrinkage since the autotroph, G. sanguineum, shrank to the same extent as the heterotrophs when stained by QPS. If field studies do not consider fixation effects on cell size, biomass may be underestimated. We recommend, for studies on planktonic ciliates, either acid Lugol's and QPS be used concurrently or QPS be used alone and biovolume values divided by 0.4 to correct for shrinkage. We stress that this is a rough estimate as this value ranges from 0.3 to 0.45 for planktonic protists.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1993.tb04913.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Salient Features of Five Marine Ciliates in the Class Spirotrichea (Oligotrichia), with Notes on their Culturing and Behaviour (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 41 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Descriptive information is provided for five ciliates collected from marine coastal British Columbian surface waters. In this paper we identify three new species, Strobilidium neptuni n. sp., Strobilidium veniliae n. sp., and Strombidinopsis multiauris n. sp.; provide a new name and description for one previously described species, Strombidium siculum nom. nov. and provide more taxonomic data for Strombidinopsis cheshiri Snyder and Ohman, 1991.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1994.tb01519.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Strombidium inclinatum n. sp. and a Reassessment of Strombidium sulcatum Claparède and Lachmann (Ciliophora) (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @journal of eukaryotic microbiology 37 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1550-7408
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Strombidium sulcatum is the type species for the genus Strombidium and has been repeatedly referred to over the last 130 yr. However, there are several taxonomic problems associated with it. We discuss why the original description of S. sulcatum lacks resolution to describe a single species. We conclude that: (1) the description of S. sulcatum sensu Fauré-Fremiet, 1912 be used to diagnose the species; (2) there are ambiguities in several redescriptions of S. sulcatum; and (3) S. sulcatum sensu Lynn et al., 1988 is Strombidium emergens (Leegaard, 1915) Kahl, 1932. From this analysis we present a description for Strombidium inclinatum n. sp. (previously S. sulcatum sensu Fenchel and Jonsson, 1988).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1550-7408.1990.tb01152.x
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