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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 37 (1965), S. 351-354 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Analytical chemistry 32 (1960), S. 310-313 
    ISSN: 1520-6882
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 63 (1990), S. 299-306 
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A model of neural processing is proposed which is able to incorporate a great deal of neurophysiological detail, including effects associated with the mechanics of postsynaptic summation and cell surface geometry and is capable of hardware realisation as a ‘probabilistic random access memory’ (pRAM). The model is an extension of earlier work by the authors, which by operating at much shorter time scales (of the order of the lifetime of a quantum of neurotransmitter in the synaptic cleft) allows a greater amount of information to be retrieved from the simulated spike train. The mathematical framework for the model appears to be that of an extended Markov process (involving the firing histories of the N neurons); simulation work has yielded results in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions. The extended neural model is expected to be particularly applicable in situations where timing constraints are of special importance (such as the auditory cortex) or where firing thresholds are high, as in the case for the granule and pyramidal cells of the hippocampus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 72 (1995), S. 233-248 
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract.  A study is presented of a set of coupled nets proposed to function as a global competitive network. One net, of hidden nodes, is composed solely of inhibitory neurons and is excitatorily driven and feeds back in a disinhibitory manner to an input net which itself feeds excitatorily to a (cortical) output net. The manner in which the former input and hidden inhibitory net function so as to enhance outputs as compared with inputs, and the further enhancements when the cortical net is added, are explored both mathematically and by simulation. This is extended to learning on cortical afferent and lateral connections. A global wave structure, arising on the inhibitory net in a similar manner to that of pattern formation in a negative laplacian net, is seen to be important to all of these activities. Simulations are only performed in one dimension, although the global nature of the activity is expected to extend to higher dimensions. Possible implications are briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 72 (1995), S. 233-248 
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A study is presented of a set of coupled nets proposed to function as a global competitive network. One net, of hidden nodes, is composed solely of inhibitory neurons and is excitatorily driven and feeds back in a disinhibitory manner to an input net which itself feeds excitatorily to a (cortical) output net. The manner in which the former input and hidden inhibitory net function so as to enhance outputs as compared with inputs, and the further enhancements when the cortical net is added, are explored both mathematically and by simulation. This is extended to learning on cortical afferent and lateral connections. A global wave structure, arising on the inhibitory net in a similar manner to that of pattern formation in a negative laplacian net, is seen to be important to all of these activities. Simulations are only performed in one dimension, although the global nature of the activity is expected to extend to higher dimensions. Possible implications are briefly discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 64 (1991), S. 301-305 
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Learning in the accessory olfactory bulb is modelled mathematically by means of a set of coupled oscillator equations to describe the ongoing activity. The modification of this activity by experience is shown to lead to a change of the transfer function of the AOB as an input-output device. This leads both to a test of the model and a means of discovering how the later stages of the brain may use the AOB output. Our discussion is limited to a specific form of learning in the mouse, but may have more general applicability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 75 (1996), S. 59-72 
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract.  A neural network model is constructed to mimic the processing involved in semantic and working memory when subliminal effects are involved. These effects involve modifications of reaction time to later inputs, according to whether or not there has been conscious or unconscious processing of the earlier input. The model is constructed of two separate modules: one (a semantic memory module) allowing for processing at a semantic, but unconscious, level, and the other (a working memory module) for conscious experience. The latter module, although a replica of the earlier one, has different lateral connectivity and output function from the former. The model is shown to give a good fit to Marcel’s data on the processing of polysemous words. Further tests are suggested for the model, and a possible cortical implementation suggested. The relevance of the model to recent approaches to consciousness is also explored.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE article on “War, Science and Citizenship” in NATURE of May 9, and the letter on “Scientific Workers and War” published in the following week have expressed views no doubt widely held among readers of NATURE. Neither, however, gives any adequate suggestion as to how those scientific workers ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 219 (1968), S. 1033-1034 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] If this possibility is envisaged, the first place to search for such material is in ordinary matter itself. In other words, we ask the question: what is the upper limit on the magnetic charge of the known elementary particles? This question has already been discussed briefly by Sandars5, who used ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The involvement of distributed brain regions in declarative memory has been hypothesized based on studies with verbal memory tasks. To characterize episodic declarative memory function further, 14 right-handed volunteers performed a visual verbal learning task using paired word associates. The volunteers underwent positron emission tomography. 15O-butanol was used as a tracer of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). Inter-regional functional interactions were assessed based on within-task, across-subject inter-regional rCBF correlations. Anatomical connections between brain areas were based on known anatomy. Structural equation modelling was used to calculate the path coefficients representing the magnitudes of the functional influences of each area on the ones to which it is connected by anatomical pathways. The encoding and the retrieval network elicit similarities in a general manner but also differences. Strong functional linkages involving visual integration areas, parahippocampal regions, left precuneus and cingulate gyrus were found in both encoding and retrieval; the functional linkages between posterior regions and prefrontal regions were more closely linked during encoding, whereas functional linkages between the left parahippocampal region and posterior cingulate as well as extrastriate areas and posterior cingulate gyrus were stronger during retrieval. In conclusion, these findings support the idea of a global bihemispheric, asymmetric encoding/retrieval network subserving episodic declarative memory. Our results further underline the role of the precuneus in episodic memory, not only during retrieval but also during encoding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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