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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RESTORING THE PRINCIPLE OF MINIMUM DIFFERENTIATION IN PRODUCT POSITIONING (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of economics & management strategy 1 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-9134
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Most research on product positioning supports the idea of differentiation. Product standardization (i.e., minimum differentiation) occurs only under very limiting assumptions. Yet, similar products are often observed in the marketplace. We attempt to restore the case for standardization by using more realistic assumptions than in previous work. We assume that consumers consider not only observable attributes in brand choice, but also attributes that are unobservable by the firms. We find that standardization is an equilibrium when consumers exhibit sufficient heterogeneity along the unobservable attributes under both positioning with exogenously given prices and price competition, We also show that, under insufficient heterogeneity along the unobservable attribute, our results coincide with past research that argues in favor of differentiation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1430-9134.1992.00475.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Price Equilibria in Pure Strategies for Homogeneous Oligopoly (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of economics & management strategy 1 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-9134
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: For a homogeneous product oligopoly market, possibilities for pure strategy Nash equilibria in prices are studied. Consumers, who each nonstrategically purchase one unit up to a common reservation price, are hypothesized to be more concerned with large price differences (and therefore buy from the cheapest firm) than slightly different prices. For the duopoly case, existence, uniqueness, and characterization results are provided. Linear examples are given with 2 and n firms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1430-9134.1992.00063.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Patent Breadth, Patent Life, and the Pace of Technological Progress (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
    Journal of economics & management strategy 7 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1530-9134
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: In active investment climates where firms sequentially improve each other's products, a patent can terminate either because it expires or because a non-infringing innovation displaces its product in the market. We define the length of time until one of these happens as the effective patent life, and show how it depends on patent breadth. We distinguish lagging breadth, which protects against imitation, from leading breadth, which protects against new improved products. We compare two types of patent policy with leading breadth: (1) patents are finite but very broad, so that the effective life of a patent coincides with its statutory life, and (2) patents are long but narrow, so that the effective life of a patent ends when a better product replaces it. The former policy improves the diffusion of new products, but the latter has lower R&D costs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1430-9134.1998.00001.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A SPATIAL COMPETITION APPROACH TO CENTRAL PLACE THEORY: SOME BASIC PRINCIPLES (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of regional science 28 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9787
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: . This paper investigates the potential offered by the model of spatial competition for the study of central place theory. We consider n firms selling m substitutable or complementary goods to a continuum of consumers evenly distributed along a linear segment. Consumers have the same income and the same utility function which is quadratic in the goods supplied by the firms and linear in the numeraire. The main results are as follows. (1) In any location equilibrium in which all goods are consumed everywhere, each good supplied by a single firm is sold at the market center. In Christaller's terminology, this means that when the exhaustive principle holds in equilibrium, highest-order goods are made available at the center. (2) When all goods (excluding the numéraire) are complements to each other and each good is sold by a single firm, there always exists an equilibrium in which all the firms locate coincidentally. (3) If the stores selling a given good are under the control of a single owner then, in any equilibrium for which the exhaustive principle holds, the stores are located in a way such that the total transport cost (borne by consumers) is minimized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9787.1988.tb01369.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    REGIONAL ALLOCATION OF INVESTMENT WITH DISTRIBUTIVE OBJECTIVES (1983)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of regional science 23 (1983), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9787
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9787.1983.tb00796.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Facility Location Under Zone Pricing[Research o] (1997)
    Boston, USA and Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishers Inc.
    Journal of regional science 37 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9787
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: Zone pricing consists in determining simultaneously several delivered prices together with the zones where these prices apply. A model and algorithm are proposed to determine optimal facility locations, prices, tariff-zones, and market areas in order to maximize the firm's profit under zone pricing. The resulting nonlinear mixed-integer program is tackled by projecting the objective function on the price space, solving repeatedly uncapacitated facility location problems for fixed values of the prices. The implicit profit function so defined is optimized by branch-and-bound. Computational results are reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/0022-4146.00040
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ZONE PRICING (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of regional science 36 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9787
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: . Our purpose is to study a spatial price policy often encountered in the real world, known as zone pricing. This price policy consists in determining simultaneously several delivered prices together with the geographical zones in which they apply. It is shown that zone pricing approximates perfect spatial price discrimination and that the firm's profit increases with the number of zones. Furthermore, the number of markets supplied by the firm rises with the number of zones. Finally, zone pricing is compared to other standard spatial price policies and possible extensions are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9787.1996.tb01270.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Challenge Raised by Metropolitisation and Fiscal Competition in Economic Development (1999)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    The @world economy 22 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9701
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Law , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9701.00255
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    LOCATION THEORY, REGIONAL SCIENCE, AND ECONOMICS (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of regional science 27 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9787
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9787.1987.tb01180.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The production-location problem revisited (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Papers in regional science 79 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-5957
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Notes: Abstract. This paper reconsiders the production-location problem (PLP) initiated by Moses. The PLP is extended to allow for the geographical substitution between input sources, which is likely to occur in an integrated market. An algorithm is then proposed to solve this problem. Finally, using numerical examples, it is shown that small variations in the elasticity of substitution of the production function may lead to substantial jumps in the optimal firm location.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1435-5597.2000.tb00769.x
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