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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Vesico-renal reflux ; Renal parenchymal scar ; Urinary tract infection ; Asymptomatic bacteriuria ; Uroepithelial cell ; Vesico-renaler Reflux ; Nierenparenchymnarbe ; Harnwegsinfektion ; Asymptomatische Bakteriurie ; Uroepithelzelle
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 62 Patienten (14 Knaben, 48 Mädchen), bei denen an insgesamt 85 Niereneinheiten ein vesico-renaler Reflux (Grad 2–4) erfolgreich operiert worden war, wurden im Durchschnitt 9,3 Jahre postoperativ auf das Auftreten von Harnwegsinfektionen (HWI) und von neuen Nierenparenchymnarben (NN) verfolgt. Bei den männlichen Patienten traten postoperativ bis auf einen Knaben keine HWI bzw. NN auf. Ähnliches galt auch für etwa 45% der Mädchen. Beide Gruppen von Patienten wiesen vor Operation hohe Refluxgrade auf. Bei den übrigen Mädchen, deren präoperative Reflux-Grade im Durchschnitt relativ niedrig lagen, traten jedoch postoperativ über Jahre noch HWI auf. NN entwickelten sich vorwiegend in dieser Zeit. Untersuchungen der Fähigkeit von Uroepithelzellen (UEZ), das Bakterienwachstum zu hemmen, zeigten, daß die UEZ dieser Patienten das Bakterienwachstum nicht supprimieren konnten. Somit entsprachen diese Mädchen bezüglich ihrer UEZ-Funktion Patientinnen mit asymptomatischer Bakteriurie. HWI und NN bei Reflux scheinen somit durch unterschiedliche Ursachen ausgelöst zu werden.
    Notes: Summary 62 patients (14 boys, 48 girls) representing 85 refluxive renal units (Grade 2–4) were investigated after successful operation for the development of further urinary tract infections (UTI) and renal scars (RS). The mean follow-up was 9.3 years. With the exception of one boy, none of the male patients developed any UTI or new RS. A similar result was obtained for about 45% of the girls. These two groups of patients presented with high-grade reflux before surgery. The remaining female patients (about 55%), however, presenting with lower-grade reflux before surgical treatment, developed further UTI as well as new RS despite surgical correction of their reflux. Investigations on the capacity of uroepithelial cells (UEC) to suppress bacterial growth revealed a deficient antibacterial effect of UEC in these patients. Such an UEC defect has also been shown in patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria. In conclusion, different reasons seem to be responsible for recurrent UTI and the development of RS in patients with reflux.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European radiology 5 (1995), S. S69 
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Iotrolan ; Contrast agents ; Iohexol
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Iotrolan, a new non-ionic, dimeric, iodinated contrast agent, was compared with iohexol, a non-ionic, monomeric contrast agent, for suitability in pediatric patients. Two studies were performed. The gastrointestinal medication was studied in 20 infants using iotrolan 300 versus iohexol 300. Contrast quality with iotrolan 300 appears to be superior to iohexol 300. The renal indication was studied in a large, multicenter, double-blind trial, 167 children received intravenous doses of either iotrolan 280 or iohexol 300 for urography, and contrast quality and safety were assessed. Iotrolan 280 appears to give better contrast quality in all areas of the kidney and the ureters. On the results of our experience, we recommend iotrolan 300 for gastrointestinal imaging in pediatries, where barium sulfate is contraindicated, and iotrolan 280 in pediatric urography. We suggest that iotrolan 280 may also be suitable for all intravascular administrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 155 (1996), S. 796-799 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words Bird-headed dwarfism ; Craniosynostosis ; Microcephalic ; osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism ; Osteodysplastic primordial ; dwarfism ; Seckel syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report on a 13-month old boy with microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism (MOPD), whose radiographic signs correspond with type II of this entity. Some of his clinical signs, such as the anomalies of the external genitalia and the urinary tract, are common to this subgroup of MOPD, but he also shows unusual clinical signs including bilateral knee dislocation and hypoplasia of the anterior corpus callosum. His clinical course was unusual with several episodes of breathing difficulties and increased intracranial pressure secondary to craniosynostosis at the age of 16 months. After fronto-orbital advancement for the treatment of brachycephaly, his psychomotor development improved remarkably. Conclusion MOPD type II may have a wider range of expression than previously delineated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 155 (1996), S. 796-799 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Bird-headed dwarfism ; Craniosynostosis ; Microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism ; Osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism ; Seckel syndrome
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Abstract We report on a 13-month old boy with microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism (MOPD), whose radiographic signs correspond with type II of this entity. Some of his clinical signs, such as the anomalies of the external genitalia and the urinary tract, are common to this subgroup of MOPD, but he also shows unusual clinical signs including bilateral knee dislocation and hypoplasia of the anterior corpus callosum. His clinical course was unusual with several episodes of breathing difficulties and increased intracranial pressure secondary to craniosynostosis at the age of 16 months. After fronto-orbital advancement for the treatment of brachycephaly, his psychomotor development improved remarkably. Conclusion MOPD type II may have a wider range of expression than previously delineated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Computed tomography ; Diagnosis ; MRI ; Radiography ; Ultrasonography ; Wilms' tumour
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The main strategy in the treatment of nephroblastoma, as described in protocol SIOP 9/GPO, is preoperative chemotherapy for patients between 6 months and 16 years of age. Before treatment the diagnosis is made only by diagnostic imaging without biopsy. From July 1988 to February 1991, 130 children with the tentative diagnosis of nephroblastoma were treated preoperatively. The initial diagnostic images (excretory urography, ultrasound, CT, MRI) have been analysed both prospectively and retrosperatively and the findings correlated with the intraoperative and histological results. Of the preoperatively treated patients 93.8% had a Wilms' tumour or one of its variants. Five patients had a different malignant tumour and 3 patients, i.e. 2.3% of those preoperatively treated or 1.6% of all registered patients, had benign tumours of the kidney. Wilms' tumour generally presented as a well-defined mass with an inhomogeneous morphology on CT. On ultrasound only 24% of the tumours were homogeneous. Intratumoral haemorrhage and cystic areas occurred frequently; calcifications were rare (8%). With regard to caval involvement only ultrasound and MRI enabled the correct diagnosis, while CT could not differentiate compressions from invasion. The pretherapeutic diagnostic imaging was of sufficient accuracy to start preoperative chemotherapy without diagnostic biopsy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 147 (1999), S. 133-138 
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Skelettfehlbildungen und Herzfehler sind Leitsymptome des autosomal dominant erblichen Holt-Oram-Syndroms. Bei vollständiger Penetranz kann der Ausprägungsgrad der klinischen Symptome innerhalb einer Familie jedoch sehr unterschiedlich sein und zu diagnostischen Schwierigkeiten führen. Anhand von 13 eigenen Patienten mit Holt-Oram-Syndrom im Alter 1–35 Jahren wird das klinische Spektrum dargestellt. Es reicht von - meist asymmetrischen - Phokomelien der oberen Extremität bis zu isolierten Thenarhypoplasie als Minimalsymptom der Erkrankung. Eltern eines scheinbar sporadischen Falles sollten gezielt daraufhin untersucht werden, um das Wiederholungsrisiko für weitere Kinder bestimmen zu können.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 6 (1977), S. 19-26 
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Keywords: Kidney diseases ; Sonography ; Urography ; Comparative study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Renal sonograms of 260 children were compared with the corresponding excretory urograms. Since each kidney was evaluated separately 520 sonographic and urographic findings could be compared. The study is based on single investigations only, serial investigations were not included. 326 kidneys could be classified as being normal, primarily on the basis of the urogram. By sonography only 10 out of these 326 were misinterpretated as being pathological, 2 by urography. 194 kidneys could be classified as being pathological either by urography or — if necessary — by other methods. In 16 out of these 194 no evidence for a pathological process could be found in the sonogram (7 cases of destructive pyelonephritis, 3 cases of double kidneys, 2 cases of slight obstruction of urine flow, 2 cases of small kidneys, 2 cases of ureteral buds), in 10 cases no evidence was seen in the urogram (6 cases of glomerulonephritis, 2 cases of polycystic kidneys, 1 case of prevesical ureteral buds), in 10 cases no evidence was seen in the urogram (6 cases of glomerulonephritis, 2 cases of polycystic kidneys, 1 case of prevesical ureterolith, 1 case of ureteral bud). In 2 cases pathological alterations of the kidney were found by both methods, however, the diagnosis differed. Nonfunctioning kidneys were found in 15 cases. In all of these the sonogram provided important complementary information. Our results show 1) that by a systematic application of sonography the early diagnosis of urinary tract malformations can be improved 2) that renal sonography provides the basis for a stricter application of excretory urography and 3) that by the combination of both methods the diagnosis of renal diseases can be improved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 17 (1987), S. 237-237 
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 18 (1988), S. 249-250 
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Pediatric radiology 19 (1989), S. 263-263 
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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