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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occupational respiratory disease caused by acrylates (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 23 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Acrylates are compounds used in a variety of industrial fields and their use is increasing. They have many features which make them superior to formerly used chemicals, regarding both their industrial use and their possible health effects. Contact sensitization is, however, one of their well known adverse health effects but they may also cause respiratory symptoms. We report on 18 cases of respiratory disease, mainly asthma, caused by different acrylates, 10 cases caused by cyanoacrylates, four by methacrylates and two cases by other acrylates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1993.tb00348.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occupational respiratory and skin sensitization caused by polyfunctional aziridine hardener (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 25 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Polyfunctional aziridine (PFA) is increasingly used as a water-based crosslinker in two-component paints, paint primers, lacquers, topcoats and other protective coatings. The crosslinker is made by reacting multifunctional acrylic monomer with a highly reactive aziridine compound. Respiratory allergy or hypersensitivity from PFA has not been reported previously. During 1978–1991 we came across nine cases with hypersensitivity from PFA: two had allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), four had occupational asthma and three had both of them. Five of the patients were parquet layers, two were fibre-board painters, one was a spray painter and one was a salesman of PFA products, ACD was diagnosed by positive allergic patch test reactions with PFA in a dilution series in petrolatum: 0.32%-0.5% gave a 2+-3+ allergic reaction in the five cases with ACD but 0.1% gave only a weak reaction in one case, whereas the methacrylale patch test series was negative. The diagnosis of seven cases of occupational asthma due to PFA hardener was based on symptoms related to exposure to PFA hardener at work, and on positive provocation tests with PFA hardener. One had an immediate type reaction, one a dual reaction, and the others had late reactions. The positive reactions with the PFA hardener and the negative reactions with the acrylate compounds indicate that PFA caused ACD which is different from the previous reports in which acrylates present as impurities in the PFA hardener caused the sensitization. Patch testing with 0.5% PFA hardener should be performed in patients with contact dermatitis if exposure to PFA has occurred. PFA hardener may also cause occupational asthma. The cause-effect relationship can be verified with chamber challenge tests. The mechanism of the asthmatic reaction is obscure as with many other low molecular weight chemicals. The exposure to PFA hardener should be minimized at the workplaces to prevent sensitization. Careful protection of both the skin and the respiratory tract is mandatory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.1995.tb01074.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chlorendic anhydride allergy (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 55 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.2000.00481.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occupational IgE-mediated asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, and contact urticaria caused by Easter lily (Lilium longiflorum) and tulip (1999)
    Copenhagen : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 54 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: We report on IgE-mediated asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, and contact urticaria to two Liliaceae plants, tulip and Easter lily (Lilium longiflorum), diagnosed in a floral shop worker. Methods: Occupational asthma was diagnosed according to patient history, PEF monitoring, and a work-simulating provocation test. Flower-specific IgE was studied, and RAST inhibition tests were performed. Results: Skin prick testing showed positive reactions to tulip, Easter lily, and chrysanthemum. Total IgE was 180 kU/l, and specific IgE to tulip was 2.6 and to Easter lily 6.5 kU/l. In the RAST-inhibition test, no cross-reactivity was found. Occupational asthma was diagnosed by peak flow monitoring at work and at home, as well as specific inhalation challenge with Easter lily, with an immediate 18% reduction in PEF. In addition, contact urticaria and conjunctivitis were diagnosed. After a 9-year follow-up without exposure to lilies, the skin prick tests to L. longiflorum and tulip were still positive, but the specific IgE had disappeared. Conclusions: A case of IgE-mediated occupational asthma, rhinoconjunctivitis, and contact urticaria caused by L. longiflorum and tulip is presented. RAST inhibition tests indicated concomitant sensitization to the two Liliaceae plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.1999.00947.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occupational asthma to hyacinth (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 53 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1998.tb03899.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occupational asthma caused by ethanolamines (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 49 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Amino alcohols are used in various industries, often as minor constituents of compounds to modify the properties of the compound. Generally, they are considered to be safe, but they have been known to cause local skin irritation at higher concentrations in solutions. We report on three cases of occupational asthma caused by ethanolamines: two metal workers exposed to a cutting fluid containing triethanolamine, and one cleaner exposed to a detergent containing monoethanolamine. The diagnosis was based on work-related symptoms and on a chamber challenge with the suspected agent. Persistence of the symptoms after exposure ended was a common feature of the three cases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1994.tb00791.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Postmenopausal Hormone Replacement Therapy With and Without Vitamin D3 on Circulating Levels of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D (1998)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 62 (1998), S. 26-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Calcitriol — Cholecalciferol — Cyproterone acetate — Estrogen — Vitamin D.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The effects of postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and vitamin D3 on vitamin D metabolites (25OHD and 1,25(OH)2D) were studied in a population-based prospective 1-year study. The serum concentrations of intact parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcium, and phosphate were also studied. A total of 72 women were randomized into four treatment groups: HRT group (sequential combination of 2 mg estradiol valerate and 1 mg cyproterone acetate), Vit D3 group (vitamin D3 300 IU/day + calcium lactate 500 mg/day), HRT + Vit D3 group (both above) and placebo group (calcium lactate 500 mg/day). Serum samples were taken in March–April, when vitamin D formation from sunlight in Finland is minimal after the dark winter. Serum concentrations of 25OHD increased in the Vit D3 group (33.5%, P 〈 0.001) and in the HRT + Vit D3 group (38.2%, P 〈 0.001) but had not changed significantly in the HRT and placebo groups at the 1-year follow-up examination. Serum concentrations of calcitriol (1,25(OH)2D) increased, however, only in the HRT group (23.7%, P 〈 0.05), and remained unchanged in other groups. Serum concentrations of PTH decreased by 23.2% (P 〈 0.05) in the placebo group, but did not change significantly in the other three groups. The concentrations of serum calcium increased in the nonhormone groups (P 〈 0.001), whereas serum phosphate concentrations decreased in the hormone groups (P 〈 0.05 and 0.001). Our results confirm the positive effect of 1 year of HRT on serum calcitriol. Vitamin D3 supplementation increased 25OHD concentrations, but did not affect calcitriol concentrations even though the initial levels were low. Interestingly, the combination of HRT and vitamin D3 did not increase serum calcitriol concentrations as much as HRT alone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900389
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bone mineral density and risk factors for osteoporosis—A population-based study of 1600 perimenopausal women (1994)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 55 (1994), S. 1-7 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Osteoporosis ; Bone mineral density ; Risk factors ; Population-based study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Population-based epidemiological studies on osteoporosis are few. Our study evaluated the effects of menopause and certain putative behavioral risk factors on bone mineral density (BMD). Spinal and femoral neck BMD were measured with dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) from 1600 perimenopausal women aged 48–59 years (mean 53.2 years) with no diseases or medications known to affect bone metabolism. These women were a selected sample of the Kuopio Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Prevention Study population (n=14,220). There was a wide variation of BMD among perimenopausal women. Menopause had a major effect on BMD. Postmenopausal women had significantly lower BMD in both spine (-6.2%) and femoral neck (-3.9%) as compared with premenopausal women. Multiple regression analysis showed that weight, menopausal status, age, and grip strength were significant independent predictors of both spinal and femoral BMD. Additionally, physical activity was found to be a significant predictor of femoral BMD, and alcohol consumption was a significant predictor of spinal BMD. However, current anthropometric and lifestyle factors explained only 18.7–25.4% of the variability of BMD. Therefore, the estimation of the risk factor status at menopause is not an adequate substitute for bone densitometry. However, our results may in part help clinicians to identify the risk groups at which to direct bone density measurements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00310160
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Associations of Early Premenopausal Fractures with Subsequent Fractures Vary by Sites and Mechanisms of Fractures (1997)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 60 (1997), S. 327 -331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Fracture — Bone density — Risk — Trauma — Premenopausal — Women.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. In a retrospective population-based study we assessed whether and how self-reported former fractures sustained at the ages of 20–34 are associated with subsequent fractures sustained at the ages of 35–57. The 12,162 women who responded to fracture questions of the baseline postal enquiry (in 1989) of the Kuopio Osteoporosis Study, Finland formed the study population. They reported 589 former and 2092 subsequent fractures. The hazard ratio (HR), with 95% confidence interval (CI), of a subsequent fracture was 1.9 (1.6–2.3) in women with the history of a former fracture compared with women without such a history. A former low-energy wrist fracture was related to subsequent low-energy wrist [HR = 3.7 (2.0–6.8)] and high-energy nonwrist [HR = 2.4 (1.3–4.4)] fractures, whereas former high-energy nonwrist fractures were related only to subsequent high-energy nonwrist [HR = 2.8 (1.9–4.1)] but not to low-energy wrist [HR = 0.7 (0.3–1.8)] fractures. The analysis of bone mineral density (BMD) data of a subsample of premenopausal women who underwent dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) during 1989–91 revealed that those with a wrist fracture due to a fall on the same level at the age of 20–34 recorded 6.5% lower spinal (P= 0.140) and 10.5% lower femoral (P= 0.026) BMD than nonfractured women, whereas the corresponding differences for women with a former nonwrist fracture due to high-energy trauma were −1.8% (P= 0.721) and −2.4% (P= 0.616), respectively. Our results suggest that an early premenopausal, low-energy wrist fracture is an indicator of low peak BMD which predisposes to subsequent fractures in general, whereas early high-energy fractures are mainly indicators of other and more specific extraskeletal factors which mainly predispose to same types of subsequent fractures only.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900237
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vitamin D and HRT: No benefit additional to that of HRT alone in prevention of bone loss in early postmenopausal women. A 2.5-year randomized placebo-controlled study (1997)
    Springer
    Osteoporosis international 7 (1997), S. 126-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-2965
    Keywords: Bone mineral density ; Cyproterone acetate ; Hormone replacement therapy ; Osteoporosis ; Postmenopause ; Vitamin D
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The study was designed to examine the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and low-dose vitamin D (Vit D) supplementation on the prevention of bone loss in non-osteoporotic early postmenopausal women and to determine whether Vit D supplementation can give additional benefit to an already optimized estrogen regimen. The effects of HRT and Vit D on bone mineral density (BMD) were studied in postmenopausal women in a 2.5-year randomized placebo-controlled study. The study population was a subgroup of the Kuopio Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Prevention Study (OSTPRE) (n=13100). A total of 464 early postmenopausal women were randomized to four groups: (1) HRT (a sequential combination of 2 mg estradiol valerate and 1 mg cyproterone acetate (E2Val/CPA); (2) vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol, 300 IU/day); (3) HRT+Vit D; and (4) placebo (calcium lactate; 93 mg Ca2+/day). Lumbar (L1–4) and femoral neck BMD were determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry before and after 2.5 years of treatment. After 2.5 years, lumbar BMD had increased by 1.8% in the HRT group (p〈0.001) and by 1.4% in the HRT+Vit D group (p=0.002), whereas lumbar BMD had decreased by 3.5% (p〈0.001) in the Vit D group and by 3.7% (p〈0.001) in the placebo group. The loss of femoral neck BMD was lower in the HRT (−0.3%) and the HRT+Vit D (−0.9%) groups compared with the Vit D (−2.4%) and the placebo groups (−3.7%). This study confirms the beneficial effect of HRT on BMD. It also shows that low-dose vitamin D supplementation has only a minor effect in the prevention of osteoporosis in non-osteoporotic early postmenopausal women and does not give any benefit additional to that of HRT alone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01623687
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