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  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-7339
    Keywords: Key words Lung cancer ; Psychological distress ; Coping ; Social support
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Although there is a need for systematic research on the psychosocial issues faced by lung cancer patients, there have been few studies in this area. The objective of the present study was to investigate potential predictors of psychological distress among ambulatory lung cancer patients. The variables examined included the patients' characteristics, coping responses, and social support factors. Lung cancer patients completed the Profile of Mood States (POMS) and the Mental Adjustment to Cancer scale (MAC scale), and information pertaining to demographic variables and social support factors was obtained from them at a structured interview. Evaluable data were obtained from 87 patients. The results of multiple regression analysis indicated that female gender, living alone, no children in the role of confidant, nurses as confidants, and helplessness/hopelessness as a coping style were predictive for psychological distress. Information on patients' demographic variables and psychosocial correlates of psychological distress may later be useful in developing interventions to facilitate their adjustment to lung cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1433-7339
    Keywords: Key words Suicidal thought ; Desire for death ; Major depression ; Antidepressant ; Terminally ill cancer patients
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  In the debate on euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide, we have to exclude terminally ill patients in whom the desire for death is caused by major depression. However, it is still not clear to what degree major depression can be treated by psychiatric intervention in this setting. We evaluated the effect of antidepressant treatment in terminally ill cancer patients. Six cancer patients with suicidal ideas thought to be due to major depression were treated with tricyclic antidepressants. Three had requested terminal sedation to relieve them from their suffering. The median survival of five of these patients was 4 weeks after diagnosis; one was lost to follow-up. The efficacy of the antidepressant treatment was assessed using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD). One week after the start of treatment with antidepressants, five of the six patients showed a marked improvement in their mood and showed no further suicidal thoughts or requests for terminal sedation. The average reduction in the HRSD score was 23.4 points (14–38; SD = 9.9). Antidepressant treatment can be effective in alleviating the desire for death due to major depression, even in terminally ill cancer patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: 5-HT-2 receptors ; cGMP generation ; nitric oxide ; desensitization ; C6 glioma cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Serotonin (5-HT)-2 receptor-mediated cGMP generation was investigated in comparison with calcium (Ca2+) mobilization in C6 glioma cells. 5-HT enhanced cGMP generation, and risperidone and ketanserin potently blocked the response. These results indicate that 5-HT-2 receptors are responsible for the cGMP generation. 5-HT-induced cGMP production was completely abolished by BAPTA, an intracellular Ca2+ chelating agent, or N g -monomethyl-L-arginine (NMMA), a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, suggesting that 5-HT-induced cGMP generation was through nitric oxide (NO)-dependent pathway. 5-HT (10 μM)-elicited Ca2+ mobilization and cGMP generation were reduced to 40 and 15 % after pretreatment with 10 μM 5-HT for 4 hours. NMMA did not modify 5-HT-induced desensitization of either Ca2+ mobilization or cGMP generation, suggesting that NO pathway is independent of the desensitization. The present study has demonstrated the nature of 5-HT-2 receptormediated cGMP generation in C6 glioma cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 103 (1996), S. 947-955 
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Serotonin ; interferon ; wet-dog shake ; opioid receptor
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Acute (1h) intraperitoneal (ip) treatment with interferon (IFN)-α-2a (300IU/g) significantly inhibited wet-dog shakes (WDS) induced by (±)-1-(2,5-dimethoxy-4-iodophenyl)-2 aminopropane (DOI; 0.5, 1.0mg/kg), which is mediated by serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT)2 receptor in rats. IFN-α did not affect spontaneous locomotion. The inhibition of DOI (0.5mg/kg)-induced WDS by IFN-α was dose (90–300 IU/g)- and time (1–6 h)-dependent, and was prevented by 30 min pretreatment with naltrexone (NLTX; 1.0mg/kg, ip), an opioid receptor antagonist. Acute (1h) intracerebroventricular (icv) treatment with IFN-α (1,500IU/rat) also inhibited DOI (0.5mg/kg)-induced WDS, and the effect was blocked by NLTX (50μg/rat, icv). These results suggest that IFN-α may modulate 5-HT2 receptor-mediated behavior through opioid receptors in the central nervous system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Keywords: Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate ; depression.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. We investigated plasma dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) and cortisol levels in 12 patients with unipolar depression and 11 matched normal controls. The depressed patients showed significantly higher values of plasma DHEAS and cortisol than the controls. After 4 weeks of treatment with antidepressants (mainly clomiplamine), the high plasma DHEAS levels recovered. This finding showed the possible relationship between plasma DHEAS levels and depression, as well as cortisol levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Kampo ; hypothermia ; flat body posture ; 5-HT-1A receptors ; anxiety
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We evaluated the effect of TJS-010, a new prescription of oriental medicine, on hypothermia and flat body posture in rats, induced by activation of serotonin (5-HT)-1A receptors by (±)-8-hydroxy-2-(di-N-propylamino)-tetralin (8-OH-DPAT). Hypothermia was induced by 8-OH-DPAT in a dose and time-dependent manner. The hypothermia induced by O.1mg/kg 8-OH-DPAT was enhanced by 500 and 750mg/kg of TJS-010. At the concentration of O.1 mg/kg, 8-OH-DPAT also produced flat body posture in rats, and 750mg/ kg TJS-010 increased the flat body posture. These results suggest that TJS-010 facilitates the 5-HT-1A receptors in the central nervous system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1433-7339
    Keywords: Key words Cancer ; Fatigue ; Depression ; Symptom management ; Quality of life
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Fatigue is one of the most frequent symptoms in cancer patients. However, the precise causes of this fatigue are still unknown, and this situation makes it difficult to combat the problem. The present study was conducted to investigate factors correlated with fatigue in disease-free breast cancer patients. A group of 134 randomly selected ambulatory breast cancer patients who had undergone successful surgical treatment participated. They completed the Cancer Fatigue Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Mental Adjustment to Cancer Scale, and an ad hoc questionnaire detailing physical symptoms, social support, and demographic variables at home and returned them by mail the following day. Multiple regression analysis revealed that fatigue was significantly correlated with dyspnea, insufficient sleep, and depression, and that these three variables accounted for a total of 46% of variance in fatigue. Factors concerned with the cancer and treatment, such as disease stage, lymph node metastasis, number of days since operation, past intravenous chemotherapy, radiotherapy, current use of fluoropyrimidine compounds, and current use of tamoxifen citrate were not correlated with fatigue. The results suggest that fatigue in this population is determined by current physical and psychological distress rather than by the cancer itself and prior cancer treatments, and that the management of dyspnea, insomnia, and depression might be important in reducing fatigue in this population.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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