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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les résultats du traitement du cancer gastrique chez 54 patients âgés de 80 ans ou plus, opérés entre 1967 à 1989 ont été analysés. La durée moyenne de la période d'observation postopératoire était de 24 jours. Dans la plupart des cas, les examens préopératoires avaient montré des anomalies pulmonaires, rénales ou cardiaques. Le taux de morbidité globale postopératoire, due essentiellement à des complications pulmonaires, était de 40.7%. Chez les deux patients ayant une insuffisance pluriviscérale, l'un est décédé d'un infarctus du myocarde le lendemain de l'intervention, l'autre d'une pneumopathie au 12è jour post-opératoire. Dans la période postopératoire immédiate, un certain nombre de ces patients âgés a nécessité des soins intensifs. Le taux de morbidité était corrélé avec le caractère total de la gastrectomie, la durée de l'opération (〉3 heures) et une perte sanguine peropératoire de plus de 300 ml (p〈0.05). Après analyse multifactorielle, le type de chirurgie s'est avéré être le facteur indépendant majeur de la survenue des complications postopératoires. La plupart des tumeurs (92.6%) pouvaient être enlevées par les techniques conventionelles et une intervention à visée curative était réalisée chez 36 patients (66.7%). Vingt-quatre patients sont décédés en rapport avec l'évolution de leur maladie. Le taux de survie actuarielle à 5 ans était de 23.8%. Après ajustement en fonction de l'âge et du sexe, ce taux est passé à 36.9%. La probabilité de survie à long terme pour les patients à un stade précoce (T1-2, N0-1) était statistiquement meilleure que pour ceux dont la maladie était avancée (T3-4, N2, ou M1). Même pour un patient de 80 ans ou plus, une chirurgie gastrique large pour cancer peut être envisagée dans certaines conditions bien précises.
    Abstract: Resumen Informamos en este artículo el resultado del tratamiento quirúrgico de cáncer gástrico en 54 pacientes mayores de 80 años, en el período 1967 a 1989. El período de seguimiento postoperatorio fue de 24 días en promedio. En la mayoría de los casos los exámenes preoperatorios demostraron alteraciones pulmonares, renales o cardiacas. La tasa de morbilidad postoperatoria fue 40.7% y la causa mas frecuente fue la complicación pulmonar. De dos pacientes con múltiples alteraciones orgánicas, uno murió un día después de la operación como consecuencia de infarto miocárdico y uno murió de neumonía 12 días después de la operación. Se requiere cuidado intensivo en el período postoperatorio temprano. La incrementada morbilidad apareció relacionada con resecciones amplias, tales como gastrectomía total, con operaciones más de 3 horas de duración y con pérdida intraoperatoria de sangre superior a 300 ml (p〈0.05). En el análisis de variables, el tipo de cirugía apareció como un factor independiente mayor relacionado con complicaciones postoperatorias. La mayoría de los tumores (92.6%) pudo ser resecado mediante procedimientos estándar de resección y la operación curativa fue posible en 36 pacientes (66.7%). Se presentaron 24 muertos debidas a progresión del cáncer. La tasa cruda global de sobrevida a 5 años fue 23.8%, y de 36.9% al efectuar la correctión para sexo y edad. La probabilidad de sobrevida a largo plazo de pacientes con enfermedad en estadios tempranos (Tl-2, No-1) resultó estradísticamente superior que la de los pacientes con enfermedad avanzada (T3-4, N2, M1). Por lo tanto, aun en pacientes en la octava década de la vida, se puede considerar cirugía gástrica en pacientes cuidadosamente seleccionados.
    Notes: Abstract We report here the outcome of surgical treatment for gastric cancer in 54 patients over 80 years of age presenting from 1967 to 1989. The mean observation interval of the postoperative period was 24 days. In most cases, preoperative examinations revealed pulmonary, renal or cardiac disturbances. The postoperative morbidity rate was 40.7%, most commonly as a result of pulmonary complications. In the 2 patients with multiple organ disturbances, 1 died 1 day after operation following myocardial infarction and the other died of pneumonia 12 days postoperatively. Intensive care treatments were needed in the early postoperative period. The increased morbidity rate proved to be related to wide resectional procedures such as total gastrectomy, operative time in excess of 3 hours, and intraoperative blood loss 〉300 ml (p〈0.05). When adjustment for confounding variables was made in the multivariate discriminant analysis, the type of surgery proved to be a major independent risk factor related to postoperative complications. The majority of tumors (92.6%) could be removed by standard resectional procedures and curative operation was feasible for 36 (66.7%) patients. There were 24 deaths due to progression of the cancer. The crude overall 5-year actuarial survival rate was 23.8%, while the rate was 36.9% when correction was made for sex and age. The probability of long-term survival for patients in a relatively early stage of disease (T1-2, N0-1) was statistically better than for those with a more advanced disease (T3-4, N2, M1). Thus, even for patients in the 8th decade of life, gastric surgery can be considered, for carefully selected patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    World journal of surgery 15 (1991), S. 293-297 
    ISSN: 1432-2323
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé L'association du cancer gastrique à la grossesse est rare. Pour déterminer les problèmes cliniques et la conduite à tenir devant ce problème particulier, 61 patientes japonaises one été analysées en ce qui concerne les traits cliniques et les résultats des traitements obstétriques et chirurgicaux au moment de la détection du cancer au cours de la grossesse. Les résultats ont démontré qu'il est difficile de poser le diagnostic pendant la grossesse et de sauver à la fois la mère et l'enfant. Seulement 20 cas (58.8%) des femmes enceintes ont subi à la fois un traitement obstétrique pour sauver l'enfant et un traitement chirurgical de leur cancer gastrique. Cinquante neuf des cas (96.7%) étaient des cancers avancés et le taux de résécabilité était notablement bas (47.5%). Chez les patientes qui ont eu une gastrectomie, l'incidence de mort à l'hôpital était haute (22.7%) et le pronostic médiocre: 21.1% de survie à 3 ans. D'après l'expérience des auteurs, dans les cancers gastriques précoces ou avancés associés à une grossesse, l'importance de la détection précoce par fibroscopie est soulignée.
    Abstract: Resumen El cáncer gástrico concomitante con embarazo es raro. Con el objeto de determinar los problemas y guías prácticas de manejo clínico, se analizaron 61 pacientes japoneses en cuanto a las características clínicas y los resultados de los tratamientos obstétricos y quirúrgicos correspondientes a la fase de detección del cáncer gástrico en el curso del embarazo. Los datos indican una restricción en los aproches diagnósticos causada por el embarazo y una dificultad en cuanto al salvamento, tanto de la madre como del feto. Sólo 20 (58.8%) de las mujeres embarazadas fueron sometidas a tratamiento comprensivo obstétrico para el feto y quirúrgico para el cáncer gástrico. Cincuenta y nueve (96.7%) representaron casos avanzados y en ellas la tasa de resectabilidad fue consistentemente baja (47.5%). Las pacientes sometidas a gastrectomía exhibieron una elevada tasa de mortalidad hospitalaria (22.7%) y un pronóstico pobre—21.1% de sobrevida a 3 años. Con base en los casos del autor, tanto de cáncer temprano como de cáncer avanzado asociados con embarazo, se enfatiza la importancia de la detección temprana por medio de la gastrofibroscopia.
    Notes: Abstract Gastric cancer concomitant with pregnancy is rare. In order to determine the clinical problems and practical guidelines on this particular subject, 61 Japanese patients were analyzed for clinical features and the results of obstetric and surgical treatment corresponding to the time of detection of the gastric cancer during the gestational period. The data indicated a limitation in diagnostic approaches caused by pregnancy and difficulty in saving both the mother and the fetus. Only 20 (58.8%) of the pregnant women underwent both obstetric treatment for the fetus and surgical treatment for gastric cancer. Fifty-nine of the gastric cancer cases (96.7%) were advanced and resectability was consistently low (47.5%). The patients who received gastrectomy had a high incidence of hospital death (22.7%) and a poor prognosis—21.1% 3-year survival. Based on the authors' cases of both early and advanced gastric cancer associated with pregnancy, the importance of early detection by gastroendoscopy is emphasized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphocyte subsets ; Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte ; Mitomycin C ; Gastric carcinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The intensity of lymphoid cell infiltration and distribution of lymphocyte subsets in tumors were investigated immunohistochemically on tumor tissues obtained from 11 patients with gastric carcinoma, who had been treated with mitomycin C (MMC), 12 mg/m2, i.v. 5 days before operation. The results were compared with those obtained from 24 untreated patients as controls. In the tumor tissues from pretreated patients, the intensity of lymphoid infiltration was not significantly different from that of untreated patients. However, high-grade infiltration of CD4+ cells was observed in 55% of pretreated patients, whereas only 8% of control patients exhibited the high-grade infiltration (P 〈0.02). Since the CD8+ cell infiltration was not significantly altered, the ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ cells was more frequently estimated to be more than 1 in patients pretreated with MMC, as compared to untreated controls (P 〈0.02). Further, CD25+ cells in pretreated tumor tissues were more predominant than those in control tumor tissues (P 〈0.05). These results suggest that MMC administration induces these alterations in lymphocyte subsets in tumor tissue in patients with gastric carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Eosinophilia ; Antitumor response ; Interleukin-2 ; Mitomycin C ; Advanced carcinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary On the basis of our clinical findings that the ability of cancer patients to generate lymphokine-activated killer cells became markedly augmented after mitomycin C administration, we designed a treatment regimen comprising mitomycin C 12 mg/m2, i.v. on day 1 and recombinant interleukin-2 700 U/m2 (8000 IU/kg), i.v. every 12 h from day 4 through day 8. The treatment course was repeated at almost 7-day intervals. Altogether 33 patients with advanced carcinoma, including mainly gastrointestinal carcinoma, were treated with this regimen. Of these, 10 had a partial response (PR) and 4 had a minor response (MR). Since eosinophil counts peaked 1 day after either the first or second course of the therapy, the posttreatment values were compared to each pretreatment level, with regard to the clinical antitumor response to this treatment. When patients who showed PR were defined as responders, absolute eosinophil counts and the percentages of eosinophils in responders after both the first and second courses of the therapy were significantly greater than each pretreatment value or the posttreatment level in nonresponders. Further, these findings were almost identical, when both PR and MR were considered to be a true remission and therefore patients who exhibited PR or MR were defined as responders, although the difference between posttreatment levels of eosinophils in responders and nonresponders was not significant at the second course. These results indicate that eosinophilia induced by this treatment correlates with the clinical response to this therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Key words Cytokine ; Quantitative RT-PCR ; Interleukin-2 ; Interleukin-1 ; Tumor necrosis factor α
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  After activation with interleukin-2 (IL-2), peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) have been reported to induce the expression of mRNA coding various cytokines, including interleukin(IL)-1α, -1β and tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα). We examined the cytokine mRNA expression of PBMC following treatment with IL-2 in vitro and in vivo by a quantitative method using the reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). After stimulating PBMC with IL-2 in vitro, peak levels of IL-1α mRNA were reached between 3 h and 12 h, and thereafter declined. The IL-1β expression increased, with levels peaking at 1–6 h and, had decreased by 96 h. The expression of TNFα was elevated both 1–3 h and 24–48 h after stimulation. The peak levels of IL-1α and -1β mRNA and the early elevation of TNFα mRNA mainly accounted for the cytokine mRNA expression in adherent cells; however, the late induction of TNFα mRNA was observed in nonadherent cells. In patients with advanced carcinoma, the IL-1α and -1β mRNA expression were elevated after IL-2 treatment for 5 consecutive days, while the expression of TNFα mRNA also increased. These results indicate that the quantitative RT-PCR method appears to be useful for analyzing the cytokine mRNA expression of PBMC after treatment with IL-2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Key words Cytotoxic T lymphocyte ; MAGE ; Antigenic peptide ; Spleen cell ; Cancer patient
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The induction of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) using MAGE peptide has been investigated in order to use MAGE antigens immunotherapeutically. We therefore developed a simplified method for inducing peptide-specific CTL that kill tumor cells expressing MAGE from the PBMC of either healthy donors or even cancer patients. Since the spleen is a major lymphoid organ, we used a simple method to examine the capacity of spleen cells to generate MAGE-specific CTL by in vitro stimulation with MAGE peptide in gastric cancer patients. The CTL responses could thus be induced from unseparated spleen cells in HLA-A2 patients with gastric carcinoma expressing MAGE-3 by stimulating these cells with autologous spleen cells pulsed with HLA-A2-restricted MAGE-3 peptide as antigen-presenting cells and by using keyhole limpet hemocyanin and interleukin-7 for the primary culture. The induced CTL were thus able to lyse HLA-A2-positive carcinoma cells transfected with MAGE-3 and expressing MAGE-3, as well as the target cells pulsed with the peptide, in an HLA-class-I or -A2-restricted manner. Since MAGE-specific CTL could be induced from the spleen cells of gastric cancer patients, the spleen appears to play an important role in either clinical tumor vaccination or the treatment of cancer patients by adoptive immunotherapeutic approaches using the MAGE peptide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Keywords: Cytotoxic activity ; Phenotypic analysis ; Peripheral blood mononuclear cell ; Interleukin-2 ; Mitomycin C ; Clinical response
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We previously found that the ability of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) of cancer patients to generate lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) cells became remarkably augmented after mitomycin C administration. On the basis of the clinical finding, we designed a treatment regimen comprised of 12 mg/m2 mitomycin C i. v. on day 1 and 700 U/m2 recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2) i.v. every 12 h from day 4 through day 8. Of 25 patients with advanced carcinoma, 9 had a partial response and 3 had a minor response. Cytotoxic cell function, including natural killer activity, lymphokine-activated killer (LAK) activity, and the ability to generate LAK cells, and lymphocyte subsets in PBM was measured 1 day before and after either the first or second course of this therapy. The relationship between these parameters and the clinical antitumor response to this treatment was examined. Although the cytotoxic activities were significantly augmented after either the first or second treatment course, no positive correlation was observed between the changes in these cytotoxic activities and the clinical response to this therapy, when patients who either showed a partial response or whose disease remission was partial or minor were defined as responders. Further, phenotypic analysis showed a significant increase in CD2+, CD3+ CD4+ and CD4+Leu8− cells after the firs course, and CD25+ cells after either the first or second course of this treatment. The precentages of CD2+ and CD25+ cells were significantly elevated only in responders but not in nonresponders, suggesting the increase in these subsets was related to clinical response.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature medicine 3 (1997), S. 593-593 
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] To the editor — A cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p27rapl, regulates progression from Gl into S phase. We read with great interest that the decrease or absence of p27 protein expression is a powerful negative prognostic marker in patients with breast1 and colorectal carcinomas2 and is a ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: breast cancer ; recurrent breast cancer ; surgical hormone therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Left suprarenal-inferior mesenteric venous shunt (Inokuchi) was prescribed for 80 patients with recurrent breast cancer and the efficacy of hormone coditioned cancer chemotherapy was assessed. The patients were separated into 3 groups according to the historical regimen of combined chemotherapy: Group I; surgical hormone therapy alone, Group II; surgery plus short term chemotherapy, and Group III; surgery plus long term chemotherapy. The 5 year survival rate of the responsive patients to the surgical hormone therapy was as high as 84.6 per cent in Group III, as compared to that of Groups I and II, 41.7 per cent and 16.7, respectively. Survival was not prolonged in non-responsive patients, regardless of the group. These findings indicate that surgical hormone therapy combined with postoperative long term cancer chemotherapy is a valid and effective method for treating recurrence of breast cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1436-2813
    Keywords: esophageal carcinoma ; mucoepidermoid carcinoma ; adenosquamous carcinoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We treated a 66-year old woman with mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the esophagus. The histologic features of this tumor seemed to originate from esophageal glands and their ducts. This deduction was based on the subepithelial growth pattern and the presence of in-situ carcinoma showing a glandular or squamous pattern at the location of the esophageal gland duct. Although the biological nature of this tumor was not elucidated, the prognosis is similar to that seen with the ordinary type of esophageal squamous carcinoma.
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