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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proinflammatory cytokines trigger MUC gene expression and mucin release in the intestinal cancer cell line LS180 (2000)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 49 (2000), S. 162-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: Proinflammatory cytokines — LS180 cell —MUC genes — Mucin.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objectives and Design: Proinflammatory cytokines and a defective mucus layer are involved in the pathogenesis of colitis. Therefore, we determined cytokine effects on MUC gene expression and mucin secretion.¶Materials and Methods: LS180 cells were characterized by light and electron microscopy and subsequently exposed to interleukin 1 (IL-1, 1 ng/ml), interleukin 6 (IL-6, 10 ng/ml), or tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα, 10 ng/ml). MUC gene (MUC2, MUC5AC, MUC5B, MUC6) mRNA expression was assessed by RT-PCR, the encoded proteins were identified by immunocytochemistry and Western blotting, and the released mucins were isolated and chromatographically characterized.¶Results: Thirty to 40% of the cells contained intracellular mucin granules. Incubation with IL-1 transiently stimulated the mRNA expression of MUC2 and MUC5AC, whereas IL-6 induced an early response of MUC2, MUC5B and MUC6. TNFα upregulated the expression of MUC2 and MUC5B for 3 hours, and had no effect on the expression of MUC 5AC and MUC6. Immunocytochemistry and Western blotting confirmed TNFα effects on MUC2 and MUC5AC on the protein levels. All cytokines stimulated the release of less glycosylated mucins and considerably modulated their carbohydrate composition.¶Conclusion: Our data demonstrate differential cytokine effects on mucin synthesis, secretion and composition. These alterations may contribute to the defective mucus layer in colitis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000110050576
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production and analysis of specific monoclonal antibodies against the cell wall of Mycobacterium avium (1992)
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 181 (1992), S. 25-33 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against Mycobacterium avium were produced which specifically reacted with cell walls of M. avium. The binding pattern was not limited to one subtype. The three most specific mAbs showed binding to the outer surface of M. avium but not to other mycobacterial or bacterial cell surfaces. The combined results of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunoblot and dot blot showed that mAb 4A006 bound to an epitope located in the cell wall and on the cell surface and mAb 4A010 to an epitope exposed on the cell surface and the cytoplasm. The mAb 4A009-binding epitope was only detectable on the cell surface but not in the cell wall or cytoplasmic fractions of M. avium. In the immunoblot technic a protein antigen with a molecular mass of 27–29 kDa was identified by the mAbs. The mAb4 A006 reacted with 142 out of 143 M. avium subtypes 1, 4 and 8 obtained from AIDS patients. These mAbs seem to be applicable for the identification of M. avium complex after culture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00193393
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A simple lens-like method of determining small light ray deflections (1992)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 12 (1992), S. 208-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00188260
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Competition between n-alkane-assimilating yeasts and bacteria during colonization of sandy soil microcosms (2000)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 54 (2000), S. 126-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract An n-alkane-assimilating strain of Candida tropicalis was selected in sandy soil inoculated with microorganisms from contaminated sites. Competition experiments with n-alkane utilizers from different strain collections confirmed that yeasts overgrow bacteria in sandy soil. Acidification of the soil is one of the colonization factors useful for the yeasts. It can be counteracted by addition of bentonite, a clay mineral with high ion exchange capacity, but not, however, by kaolin. Strains of different yeast species showed different levels of competitiveness. Strains of Arxula adeninivorans, Candida maltosa, and Yarrowia lipolytica overgrew strains of C. tropicalis, C. shehatae or Pichia stipitis. Two strains of C. maltosa and Y. lipolytica coexisted during several serial transfers under microcosm conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530000348
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reply to the comment by S. Dannefaer et al. on the paper of H. E. Schaefer et al. on “amorphous hydrogenated silicon studied by positron lifetime spectroscopy” (1987)
    Springer
    Applied physics 43 (1987), S. 295-296 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract In the original paper by Schaefer et al. the assignment of positron lifetimes to monovacancies and vacancy agglomerates in Si has been discussed in order to interpret the lifetime of 402 ps observed in amorphous hydrogenated Si. In the present reply to the comment of Dannefaer, Mascher and Kerr we will demonstrate that a precise and critical discussion of the available data is indispensible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00635186
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Arterial angiography in high-kilovoltage technique with gadolinium as the contrast agent: first clinical experience (1996)
    Springer
    European radiology 6 (1996), S. 224-229 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Angiography ; Gadolinium ; Contrast agent ; High voltage
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Iodine-containing contrast agents are currently used for angiography. However, due to the relatively low atomic number of iodine, imaging must be performed with a relatively low tube voltage. Gadolinium has been used for several years as a contrast agent in MRI with low adverse side effects. This substance has a higher atomic number as compared with iodine. We investigated whether the use of a gadolinium-containing contrast agent with a higher tube voltage reduces the radiation exposure in angiography, and how the image quality compares with the previous technique. A total of 15 patients were examined with either a survey angiography or a selective angiography. In all patients angiography was performed with an iodine-containing contrast agent with a tube voltage of 75 kV. Then gadolinium-containing contrast agent was administered immediately with a tube voltage of 110 kV. Radiation exposure and image quality were compared. On average, a dose reduction factor of 3.57 times was achieved by using 110 instead of 75 kV. However, the image quality was poorer in the majority of cases as compared with the images taken with iodine as a contrast agent and a tube voltage of 75 kV. The poorer image quality is caused by the relative low concentration (0.5) m of the used gadolinium solution. A 1 m solution is currently tested for market approval and would probably solve this problem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00181155
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intravenous MR lymphography with superparamagnetic iron oxide particles: experimental studies in rats and rabbits (1995)
    Springer
    European radiology 5 (1995), S. 640-646 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: MR ; Contrast enhancement ; Lymphatic system ; Neoplasms ; Contrast media ; Iron
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The inter- and intralymphonodal distribution of IV-administered superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) particles as a lymphographic contrast agent for MRI was studied in various animal models in rats and rabbits. In all animals a dosage of 200 μmol Fe/kg was tested. Imaging was done at 1.5 Tesla using proton-density-weighted spin-echo (PD-SE) and T2*-weighted gradient-echo (T2*-GRE) sequences. The time course of signal loss in popliteal lymph nodes of 21 rats was studied before and up to 72 h after IV injection of SPIO. Another 6 rats were dissected 24 h after IV injection of SPIO, all lymph nodes were embedded in agar gel and imaged ex vivo. Time course and pattern of lymph node signal loss was studied in 6 rabbits with reactive lymph node hyperplasia. The visualization of lymph node metastases was studied in 4 VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits. Most pronounced signal loss in lymph nodes was found 24 h after IV injection of SPIO with a decrease of signal in popliteal lymph nodes to 37 ± 15% (9 ± 5%) for rats and 56 ± 10% (16 ± 9%) for rabbits with the PD-SE (T2*-GRE) sequence. Ex vivo examinations of rat lymph nodes and in vivo examinations in rabbits with lymph node hyperplasia demonstrated marked variations in contrast agent accumulation between different lymph node groups. In VX2 tumor-bearing rabbits lymph node metastases could be well delineated in postcontrast MRI if a sufficient amount of contrast agent reached the lymph nodes (2 rabbits). Inhomogeneous signal loss as well as supersaturation impeded correct lymph node assessment (2 rabbits). We conclude that IV MR lymphography using SPIO may be an approach for non invasive tumor staging, but this new technique could be limited by variations in contrast agent distribution between different lymph node groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00190933
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pertussis vaccines — 1993 (1993)
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 152 (1993), S. 462-466 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01955049
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of cyclooxygenase attenuates baroreceptor function and increases the pressor response to norepinephrine in man (1992)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 42 (1992), S. 681-683 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Indomethacin ; Baroreceptor function ; prostaglandins ; haemodynamics ; norepinephrine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The possible influence of prostaglandins on baroreceptor function in man has been investigated. Baroreceptor reflex was activated by intravenous infusion of norepinephrine and the pressor response was measured, both before and after administration of indomethacin. Resting blood pressure remained unchanged after indomethacin while resting heart rate was significantly decreased as compared to placebo and the norepinephrine-induced rise in mean arterial blood pressure was significantly more pronounced. The baroreceptor-mediated decrease in heart rate tended to be smaller. Baroreceptor sensitivity (Δ heart rate/Δ blood pressure) was significantly reduced by indomethacin to about half of the control value. In addition to attenuation of sensitivity, the findings represent resetting of the baroreceptor setpoint and a more pronounced pressor response to norepinephrine after cyclooxygenase inhibition. Thus, eicosanoids originating via the cyclooxygenase pathway of arachidonate metabolism may modulate the vascular response to adrenergic stimulation and may participate in the regulation of baroreceptor reflex setpoint and sensitivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265937
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of famotidine in patients with reflux oesophagitis (1993)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 44 (1993), S. 357-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Famotidine ; Reflux oesophagitis ; intraoesophageal long-term pH-metry ; pharmacodynamics ; pharmacokinetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamic effect and clinical efficacy of famotidine were studied in 10 patients with reflux oesophagitis Grades I and II. For the pharmacokinetic studies the patients received 20 mg famotidine i. v. The half-life of famotidine was 3.8 h, the total plasma clearance was 297 ml·min−1, and a steady state volume of distribution of 1.21·kg−1 was found. For pharmacodynamic assessment, intraoesophageal pH-metry was performed without and after acute treatment with famotidine 20 mg i. v. and following 3 weeks of oral famotidine 80 mg b. d. The resultant percentage total acid exposure time (pH〈4 within 24 h) were 23.9%, 19.0% and 19.2% (median), respectively (NS). At the end of 6 weeks of oral therapy, symptomatic and endoscopic improvement had occurred in 9 and 5 patients, respectively. Our study shows that the pharmacokinetics of famotidine in patients with reflux oesophagitis is comparable to that in healthy volunteers and peptic ulcer patients. The clinical response to the treatment appeared comparable to that found after other H2-receptor antagonists.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00316472
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