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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 27 (1994), S. 5713-5715 
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 28 (1995), S. 1003-1007 
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Langmuir 9 (1993), S. 1370-1377 
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 90 (1968), S. 3020-3025 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 93 (1990), S. 4349-4356 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Temperature jump experiments with a characteristic heating time of 0.5 ms are used to study the kinetics of liquid/liquid phase separation in noncritical mixtures of 2,6-dimethyl pyridine and water (||x-xc||〉0.02; x, mole fraction of 2,6-dimethyl pyridine; xc, critical composition) as functions of composition and supersaturation. The response of the system to a temperature jump is monitored by measuring the intensity of light scattered by the sample at different scattering angles aitch-theta (30°〈aitch-theta〈90°) as a function of time (up to several seconds). Starting from a level of constant intensity reached with a time constant in the range of milliseconds after a temperature jump the scattered intensity increases with time. For small supersaturations consecutive maxima and minima of scattered intensity develop.They reflect diffusion limited growth of droplets of the emerging second liquid phase (linear relationship between the square of the radius of growing droplets and time). The growth rate increases with increasing supersaturation. Practically no nucleation barrier is found for the onset of growth of droplets for small supersaturations and compositions (||x−xc||〉0.03). The number density N of growing droplets is obtained from simultaneous measurements of scattered intensity and turbidity. For small supersaturations N is independent of time but changes with supersaturation in a characteristic way (classical nucleation model). There exists an upper limit of overheating δT* above which the number density N increases drastically. The ratio (δT*/ΔTc,p) is independent of the reduced temperature ε˜ of phase separation (ε˜=ΔTc,p/Tc; ΔTc,p=Tc−Tp; Tc, critical temperature, Tp, temperature of phase separation). This is expected for mixtures of noncritical composition. The theory proposed by Langer and Schwartz to treat nucleation and growth of droplets in metastable near critical fluids does not describe the phenomena observed in this study. The composition of the samples used (||x−xc||〉0.02) appears to be too far away from the critical.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 85 (1986), S. 2922-2928 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The shape of the liquid–liquid coexistence curve of five binary liquid mixtures containing methanol (methanol, methanol-d1, methanol-d4) and cyclohexane (cyclohexane, cyclohexane-d12) is studied using a differential refractometer. It is found that all systems have approximately the same critical composition (mole fraction) and approximately the same shape of the coexistence curve in the vicinity of the critical point. However, the critical temperature changes in a characteristic manner. Replacement of hydrogen atoms involved in hydrogen bonding by deuterium leads to an increase of the critical temperature of about 1.2 K for each replaced hydrogen atom. Replacement of hydrogen atoms not involved in hydrogen bonding leads to a decrease of the critical temperature of about 0.3 K for each replaced hydrogen atom. These are average values referring to the systems methanol/cyclohexane, phenol-d6/D2O, deutero-isobutyric acid (COOH)/H2O, and deutero-isobutyric acid (COOD)/D2O. Substitution of H2O by D2O in the four component system benzene, ethanol, water, ammonium sulfate of near tricritical composition increases a characteristic temperature by about 1 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics Letters A 136 (1989), S. 73-76 
    ISSN: 0375-9601
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 102 (1995), S. 414-418 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Results of measurements of the temperature dependence of the mutual diffusion coefficient D of a tetraethyleneglycoloctylether (abbreviated C8E4) /water mixture of critical composition are reported (lower critical point, visually determined critical temperature Tc(vis)=40.587 °C; critical composition, mass fraction yc(C8E4)=0.071). The critical micelle concentration of C8E4 is smaller than the critical concentration, so that micelles are expected to be present in the mixture of critical composition. The reduced diffusion coefficients D*(=6πηξ/(kBT)⋅D) calculated from static and dynamic light scattering and viscosity data scale when plotted as function of the scaling variable x (=qξ) (η, shear viscosity; ξ, correlation length; D, diffusion coefficient; q, absolute value of scattering vector; kB, Boltzmann constant; T, temperature). They can be represented by the approximant of the dynamic scaling function proposed by Burstyn et al. [Phys. Rev. A 28, 1567 (1983)] assuming that the measured diffusion coefficient can be identified with the singular contribution (i.e., D=Dc). The influence of micelles on the critical properties of the system does not show up in the D* versus x plot. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 103 (1995), S. 8985-8992 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A homogeneous mixture of iso-butoxyethanol/water of noncritical composition is brought from a state in the thermodynamic stable region of its phase diagram in the vicinity of its lower critical point to a metastable state close to the binodal curve by a fast pressure jump. It reaches its thermodynamic equilibrium state by separating into two coexisting liquid phases of different compositions. The emerging second liquid phase is formed by nucleation and growth of droplets. After a short transition time, the early stages of the diffusion limited growth of the droplets of the emerging second liquid phase are studied by light scattering (Mie scattering). The experiments are carried out as function of the temperature difference (Tp−Tc) along the two branches of the liquid/liquid coexistence curve (Tc, critical temperature; Tp, temperature of phase separation). The mutual diffusion coefficient D extracted from the kinetics of the droplet growth decreases approaching the critical point along the two branches of the binodal curve. The values of D obtained in this way are in good agreement with those characterizing the dynamics of concentration fluctuations in each of the coexisting phases in thermodynamic equilibrium monitored by dynamic light scattering experiments. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 101 (1994), S. 476-479 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Results of dynamic light scattering experiments are reported which demonstrate that the mutual diffusion coefficient of 2-butoxyethanol/water mixtures of noncritical composition exhibits a characteristic temperature and composition dependence: The diffusion coefficients of the two phases of noncritical composition coexisting along the liquid/liquid coexistence curve decrease by an order of magnitude in the temperature range (Tp−Tc)〈10 K approaching the lower critical point (Tp, temperature of phase separation; Tc, critical temperature). In the homogeneous 1-fluid phase region of the phase diagram, the D vs (T−Tp) curves of mixtures of noncritical composition are shifted to smaller values of D with decreasing values of ||y−yc|| (y, mass fraction of 2-butoxyethanol; yc, critical mass fraction). These findings are discussed on the basis of the model of regular mixtures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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