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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pultruded fiber-reinforced polyurethane-toughened phenolic resin, I. Reactivity and morphology (1996)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 235 (1996), S. 35-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Ein Phenolharz-Polyurethan-Copolymeres wurde aus einem Phenolharz, einem geschützten Polyurethan und p-Toluolsulfonsäure hergestellt. Dieses Copolymere weist trotz großer Härte eine gute Verarbeitbarkeit (einschließlich Topfzeit und Reaktivität) auf. Die Synthese des Copolymeren wurde mit IR-Spektroskopie verfolgt. Es wurde gefunden, daß die Isocyanatgruppe des Polyurethans nach Abspaltung der Schutzgruppe mit der Hydroxygruppe des Phenolharzes reagierte. Glasfaserverstärkte Verbundwerkstoffe offenbarten bei SEM-Untersuchungen eine hervorragende Verbindung zwischen Faser und Matrix. Ein Überlappungspeak im DMA-Diagram wies auf Wechselwirkungen zwischen Phenolharz und Polyurethan hin, die die Härte des Phenolharzes verbessern.
    Notes: A phenolic resin/polyurethane copolymer was synthesized by reaction of a phenolic resin, a blocked-polyurethane and p-toluene sulfonic acid. The copolymer provides a good balance between the processability (including pot life, reactivity) and toughness. The reactions that proceeded during the synthesis of the copolymer was investigated by IR spectroscopy. It was found that blocked polyurethane reacted with the hydroxy group of the phenolic resin. Glass fiber-reinforced composites showed excellent bonding between fiber and matrix as revealed by SEM photographs. An overlap peak was found from the DMA diagram; it indicated that an interaction existed between phenolic resin and polyurethane and that improved the toughness of the phenolic resin.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apmc.1996.052350104
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Strength of hydrogen bonding in the novolak-type phenolic resin blends (1998)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 36 (1998), S. 1721-1729 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: phenolic ; miscibility ; hydrogen bonding ; PEO ; PEG ; PVA ; glass transition temperature ; Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The specific interaction strength of novolak-type phenolic resin blended with three similar polymers [i.e., poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)] were characterized by means of glass transition temperature behavior and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The interassociation formed within phenolic blends with the addition of a modifier not only overcomes the effect of self-association of the phenolic upon blending, but also increases the strength of phenolic blend. The strength of interassociation within the phenolic blend is the function of the hydrogen bonding group of a modifier, in increasing order, is phenolic/PVA, phenolic/PEG, and phenolic/PEO blend, corresponding to the result of “q” value in the Kwei equation. The FTIR result is in agreement with the inference of Tg behavior. In addition, the fact that the specific strength of hydrogen bonding of hydroxyl-hydroxyl is stronger than that of hydroxyl-ether can also be concluded. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 36: 1721-1729, 1998
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pultruded fiber-reinforced polyurethane-toughened phenolic resin. II. Mechanical properties, thermal properties, and flame resistance (1996)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 62 (1996), S. 227-234 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A novel process has been developed to toughen phenolic resin by polyurethane for fiber-reinforced pultruded composites. The mechanical properties of the composites (tensile strength, flexural strength, and notched Izod impact strength) approach maximum values at 10 wt% of the blocked polyurethane content. The fabricated composites show good mechanical properties and possess low void fraction. Notched Izod impact strength of the composite (with 5 wt% polyurethane content) increases by more than 30% compared to the virgin composite. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the temperature for the 5% weight loss of the phenolic/polyurethane copolymer decreases with the increasing of the polyurethane content; however, the thermal degradation temperature is still higher than 350°C. Differential scanning calorimetric analysis (DSC) showed that the onset point of copolymer is 20°C higher than that of the virgin one. The presence of the blocked polyurethane may hinder the polymerization of phenolic resin. The modified composite shows excellent dimensional stability. The copolymer composite also possesses good fire resistance. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermodynamic properties of novolac-type phenolic resin blended with poly(ethylene oxide) (1998)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 36 (1998), S. 1647-1655 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: thermodynamics ; phenolic ; PEO ; polymer blend ; PCAM ; Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The thermodynamic properties of novolac type phenolic resin blended with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) were investigated by the Painter-Coleman association model (PCAM). Equilibrium constants and enthalpy corresponding to the interaction between phenolic and poly(ethylene oxide) were calculated from the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy of low molecular weight analogues in dilute solutions. The association parameters of the model compounds are transferred to the corresponding polymers, to predict the Gibbs free energy, phase behavior, and the degree of hydrogen bonding in the polymer blend. The heat capacity (CP) and the excess heat capacity (ΔCP) are used to verify the validity of PCAM model on predicting the thermodynamics properties of phenolic/PEO blend. It is found that the hydrogen bonding interaction dominates at moderate temperatures, which is outweighed by the dispersion force at higher temperature or high PEO compositions. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci B: Polym Phys 36: 1647-1655, 1998
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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