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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The novel poly(aryl ether ketone)s containing chloro-side group were synthesized by nucleophilic substitution reactions of 4,4′-biphenol and chlorohydroquinone with either 4,4′-difluorobenzophenone (BP/CH/DF) or 1,4-bis(p-fluorobenzoyl)benzene (BP/CH/BF) and their thermotropic liquid crystalline properties were characterized by a variety of experimental techniques. The thermotropic liquid crystalline behavior was observed in the copolymers containing 50 and 70% biphenol. Melting transition (Tm) and isotropization transition (Ti) both appeared in the DSC thermograms. A banded texture was formed after shearing the sample in the liquid crystalline state. The novel poly(aryl ether ketone)s had relatively higher glass transition temperature (Tg) in the range of 168 ∼ 200 °C and lower melting temperature (Tm) in the range of 290 ∼ 340 °C. The thermal stability (Td) was in the range of 430 ∼ 490 °C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 171 (1989), S. 119-130 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die aus Lösung hergestellten Polymermischungen zeigen den Typus der vollmischbaren Polymerlegierungen. Proben, die durch Formpressen der Polymermischungen unterhalb des Schmelzpunkts von Polyetheretherketon (PEEK) erhallten wurden, zeigen ein für mischbare Polymerlegierungen typisches viskoelastisches Verhalten. Hingegen zeigt sich bei Mischungen, die oberhalb des Schmelzpunktes von PEEK verpreßt wurden, im dynamisch-viskoelastischen Verhalten eine Phasentrennung.
    Notes: The polymer blends obtained by the solution blending method show a type of compatible polymer blends. The samples obtained by compression molding the polymer blends below the melting point of the polyetheretherketon (PEEK) exhibit dynamic viscoelastic behavior characteristic of compatible polymer blends, but those by compression molding above the melting point of the PEEK show a phase separation in dynamic viscoelastic behavior.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 163 (1988), S. 115-126 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Bildung zwischenmolekularer Excimer-Gruppen wurde bei Polyethersulfon (PES) in Dichlormethan-Lösungen bei Konzentrationen um 2,7 × 10-2 mol/l durch Fluoreszenzanalyse nachgewiesen. Die Bestrahlung mit Licht ermöglichte auch die Bildung intramolekularer Excimer-Gruppen; dabei legen sich Molekülsegmente parallel, obwohl die Moleküle recht starr sind. Aus Aufnahmen mit dem Elektronenmikroskop wurde gefolgert, daß Polyethersulfon bei längerem Erhitzen auf 200°C von einem amorphen in einen geordneten Zustand übergeht.
    Notes: Formation of intermolecular excimers in polyethersulfone (PES) dichloromethane solutions were observed at a PES concentration about 2.7 × 10-2 mol/l by the fluorescence analysis. External light energy irradiation enabled the formation of intramolecular excimers in the PES dichloromethane solution. These chains can gain an access to each other in parallel though the molecular chains are considerably rigid. The electron micrograph of the PES film, heat treated at 200°C for 72 hours, presented a diffraction micrograph, which suggests that the PES molecular aggregation is changed from a randomly coiled amorphous phase to an ordered one.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Röntgendiffraktometrische Untersuchungen und DSC-Messungen an Blend-Filmen, die aus Lösungen von PEEK und PES hergestellt wurden, zeigen eine Phasenseparation bei den Filmen, die bei 340°C hergestellt wurden. Das Kristallisationsverhalten von Filmen, die bei 340°C hergestellt, anschließend abgeschreckt und bei 180°C getempert wurden, ist identisch mit dem von PEEK. Filme, die bei 300°C hergestellt wurden, kristallisierten erst durch Tempern bei 250°C. Blockcopolymere, die aus Oligomeren von PEEK und PES erhalten wurden, unterscheiden sich in dieser Hinsicht von Blends der gleichen Zusammensetzung. Die Glastemperatur von Copolymeren mit einem PEEK-Gehalt von mehr als 50% liegt höher als die von PEEK selbst, während der Schmelzpunkt dieser Copolymeren niedriger als der von PEEK ist.
    Notes: Polymer blends of PEEK with PES were prepared by the solution blending method. Copolymers composed of PEEK and PES components were synthesized from these oligomers. The formation conditions exerted an influence over the molecular aggregation and the crystallization behaviors of the blend films and block copolymers which were examined by X-ray diffractometry and DSC analysis. As a result, phase-separation in the blend films was found when the formation temperature was high. The blend films formed at 340°C, quenched and annealed at 180°C, exhibited the same crystallization behavior as those of PEEK. In the case of the blend films formed at 300°C, the annealing of the films at 250°C was required to crystallize the blend films. The Tg of a copolymer with a PEEK component content of more than 50% tends to shift toward a higher temperature than the Tg of PEEK itself, and the Tm of the copolymer toward a lower temperature than that of PEEK ist.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Poly(etheretherketon) (PEEK)/Poly(phenolphthaleinethersulfon) (PPES)-Blockcopolymere mit PPES-Anteilen zwischen 12 und 44% wurden durch Kondensation von fluorterminierten PEEK-Oligomeren und hydroxyterminierten PPES-Oligomeren hergestellt. Die Abhängigkeit der Copolymereigenschaften von der Zusammensetzung wurde untersucht. Die Copolymeren erwiesen sich als homogen, die Komponenten zeigten gute Verträglichkeit ohne Mikrophasenseparation. Die Copolymeren kristallisierten wie PEEK mit rhombischer Struktur. Der Kristallisationsgrad der Copolymeren was gering und nahm mit steigendem PPES-Gehalt rasch ab. Im Ver-gleich zur Kristallstruktur von PEEK wurden für die Längen der a- und b-Achsen des Copolymer-Kristallgitters - und somit auch für das Zellvolumen - größere Werte gefunden. Die Analyse der isothermen Kristallisationskinetik der Copolymeren ergab für den Avrami-Exponenten einen Wert von 2,0. Mit steigendem PPES-Gehalt der Copolymeren erhöhten sich die Glasübergangstemperaturen stark, die thermische Stabilität nahm jedoch ab. Die PEEK/PPES-Blockcopolymeren ziegten gute mechanische Eigenschaften wie hohe Zugfestigkeiten und Elastizitätsmoduli.
    Notes: Poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK)/poly(phenolphthalein ether sulfone) (PPES) block copolymers were synthesized by a condensation reaction of fluorine-terminated PEEK oligomers and hydroxy-terminated PPES oligomers. The content of PPES in the copolymers was varied from 12 to 44 wt.-%, and the effect of the compositional variation on the properties was investigated. Microphase separation was not observed and the copolymers formed a homogeneous system having good compatibility. The crystal structure of the copolymers is rhombic, equal to PEEK. The degree of crystallinity of the copolymers was low and decreased rapidly with the increase of PPES content. Concerning the cell parameters of the crystalline unit, a- and b-axes are apparently longer and V is, thus, also larger compared with PEEK. Analyses of the isothermal crystallization kinetics of the copolymers provided an Avrami exponent (n) of 2.0. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the copolymers greatly rose but the thermal stability became much poorer with the increase of PPES content. PEEK/PPES block copolymers possess good mechanical properties such as high strength and modulus.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Crystal structure and polymorphism induced by uniaxial drawing of a poly(aryl ether ketone) [PEDEKmK] prepared from 1,3-bis(4-fluorobenzoyl)benzene and biphenyl-4,4′-diol have been investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron diffraction (ED), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. The melting and recrystallization process in the temperature range of 250-260°C, far below the next melting temperature (306°C), was identified and found to be responsible for the remarkable changes in lamellar morphology. Based on WAXD and ED patterns, it was found that crystal structure of isotropic-crystalline PEDEKmK obtained under different crystallization conditions (melt-crystallization, cold-crystallization, solvent-induced crystallization, melting-recrystallization, and crystallization from solution) keeps the same mode of packing, i.e., a two-chain orthorhombic unit cell with the dimensions a = 0.784 nm, b = 0.600 nm, and c = 4.745 nm (form I). A second crystal modification (form II) can be induced by uniaxial drawing above the glass transition temperature, and always coexists with form I. This form also possesses an orthorhombic unit cell but with different dimensions, i.e., a = 0.470 nm, b = 1.054 nm, c = 5.064 nm. The 0.32 nm longer c -axis of form II as compared with form I is attributed to an overextended chain conformation due to the expansion of ether and ketone bridge bond angles during uniaxial drawing. The temperature dependence of WAXD patterns for the drawn PEDEKmK suggests that form II can be transformed into the more stable form I by relaxation of overextended chains and relief of internal stress at elevated temperature in absence of external tension.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics 197 (1996), S. 1495-1502 
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK)/poly(ether sulfone) (PES) block copolymers were synthesized via condensation reaction between fluorine-terminated PEEK oligomers and hydroxyl-terminated PES oligomers. The dynamic mechanical behavior of a composite sample prepared by compression molding of a glass fibre cloth and the copolymer was investigated by means of a dynamic viscoelastometer. The β relaxation peak and the α′ relaxation peak were observed in the logarithmic decrement curve of the amorphous block copolymer of PEEK/PES. The glass transition temperature (β relaxation peak) is shifted to higher temperature and approaches a constant value as annealing time and degree of crystallinity increase. The glass transition temperature of the copolymer rises more slowly upon annealing with increasing PES content. The α′ relaxation peak becomes smaller upon annealing, and eventually disappears. The α′ relaxation peaks are related to the motion of molecules upon transition from the non-crystalline to the crystalline state. The α′ relaxation occurs for the copolymer with a degree of crystallinity of 0 to 3%.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1022-1352
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: The crystal structure, morphology and polymorphism induced by uniaxial drawing of poly(ether ether ketone ketone) [PEEKK] have been studied by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron diffraction (ED) and wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD). On the basis of WAXD and ED patterns, the crystal structure of unoriented PEEKK is determined to have two-chain orthorhombic packing with unit cell parameters of a = 0.772 nm, b = 0.600 nm, c = 1.004 nm (form I). A stress-induced crystal modification (form II) is identified and found to possess a two-chain orthorhombic lattice with unit cell dimensions of a = 0.461 nm, b = 1.074 nm, c = 1.080 nm. The 7.5% increase in c-axis dimension for form II is attributed to an overextended chain conformation, arising from extensional deformation during uniaxial drawing and fixed “in-situ” through strain-induced crystallization. The average ether-ketone bridge bond angles in form II crystal are determined to be 148.9° by using standard bond lengths. The crystal morphology of PEEKK bears a great similarity to that of PEEK. The crystals grow in the form of spherulites and have the b-axis of unit cell radial. The effects of draw rate on strain-induced crystallization and induction of form II structure are also discussed.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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