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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Room temperature epitaxial growth of Ag on low-index Si surfaces by a partially ionized beam (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 72 (1992), S. 466-470 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The room temperature growth of 1000–1500 A(ring) Ag films on HF-dipped Si substrates is studied as a function of self-ion (Ag+) energy during deposition. In all cases the films contained a mixture of epitaxial grains and randomly oriented (111) grains. The orientations observed were Ag(111)/Si(111) with both type A (Ag〈110〉//Si〈110〉) and type B (Ag〈110〉//Si〈114〉) twins; Ag(110)/Si(110) with Ag〈001〉//Si〈001〉; and Ag(100)/Si(100) with Ag〈011〉//Si〈011〉. All three constructions match three Si atomic rows with four Ag rows. As judged by the ratio of epitaxial to nonepitaxial grains, the strength of the epitaxy was seen to decrease in the order (111)(approximately-greater-than)(110)(approximately-greater-than)(100). Increasing the Ag+ ion energy during the deposition was generally seen to decrease this ratio. Annealing of the Ag/Si(100) films induced preferential (100) grain growth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.351876
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vacuum deposition of nonlinear chromophore-polymer composite thin films (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 64 (1994), S. 533-535 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Novel nonlinear composite thin films containing 4-dialkylamino-4'-nitro-stilbene (DANS) and Teflon AF 1600 have been deposited by vacuum evaporation techniques. Pure DANS thin film, due to its centrosymmetric crystal structure, does not exhibit any electro-optic effect. However, composite thin films of DANS and Teflon AF 1600 with a DANS concentration of 5%–25% (by volume) do exhibit an electro-optic effect after poling. Their electro-optical coefficients are measured to be as large as 2.4 pm/V. X-ray diffraction shows that these composite thin films are in an amorphous state as-deposited as well as after poling. It is argued that the DANS molecules are in their molecular form embedded in the Teflon AF amorphous matrix, thereby allowing the effect of their large molecular hyperpolarizability to be detected. The characterization of the thin films using scanning electron microscopy is also presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.111966
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth of epitaxial Ag/Si films by the partially ionized beam deposition technique (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 773-777 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The observation of room-temperature epitaxy of vapor-deposited thin Ag films on Si(111) accomplished under conventional vacuum conditions is reported. Epitaxy was also observed at 350 °C. The films were deposited using a partially ionized beam deposition system, and were typically 1500 A(ring) thick. Epitaxy was confirmed via pole-figure analysis. Scanning electron microscopy revealed excellent surface flatness even for the room-temperature films. Contrary to previous observations, the growth was found to proceed by the layer mode, even at the elevated temperature. This change in morphology is attributed to the enhanced density of nucleation sites due to the energetic ions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.347363
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhanced magnetoresistance in Ag-doped granular La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 thin films prepared by dual-beam pulsed-laser deposition (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 7428-7430 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this article, we report our investigations on the doping effect metallic Ag on the intergrain magnetoresistance phenomenon. La2/3Sr1/3MnO3 (LSMO) thin films with Ag doping were prepared on (001) LaAlO3 at different substrate temperatures (Ts) by the dual-beam pulsed-laser deposition technique. Grown at Ts=750 °C, the films are perfectly epitaxial with their c axis perpendicular to the film surface. Ag dopant cannot substitute into the LSMO lattice, thus showing no obvious effect on the magnetotransport properties of the film, though it did impair the film in-plane epitaxy and improve the intergrain diffusion of the lattice atoms. However, grown at lower Ts(400 °C), the films are granular with c-axis texture. The Ag dopant exists at GBs and helps to increase the local Mn spin disorder at GBs and the phase interfaces, thus enhancing the eMR value by a factor of 2 compared with the undoped film. Experiment data also suggest that the transport mechanism underlying the Ag-doping enhanced eMR is spin-dependent scattering. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1362660
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Room-temperature epitaxial growth of Ag(110)/GaAs(100) films (1992)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 60 (1992), S. 174-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thin Ag films were deposited in a partially ionized beam vacuum system on undoped GaAs(100) substrates at room temperature. The x-ray pole-figure technique was used to characterize the crystal orientation. The epitaxial relationship observed was Ag(110)/GaAs(100) with Ag[100]//GaAs[1¯10]. The epitaxy was achieved at a vacuum in the 10−6 Torr range with no in situ cleaning. The substrates were prepared only by a HF dip immediately prior to deposition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.106983
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Texture of vapor deposited parylene thin films (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 64 (1994), S. 2812-2814 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The texture of vapor deposited parylene (poly-p-xylylene) thin films on Si is measured using the x-ray pole figure technique to quantify the crystalline portion. The as-deposited sample is the monoclinic α phase where the (020) fiber texture component comprises 48% and the remaining 52% are randomly oriented crystallites. The sample annealed for 350 °C 12 h is hexagonal β phase with an (040) fiber texture component of 68%. The half-width (ω) of the (040) fiber component of the β crystallites is within 25° of the substrate normal (fiber axis). In a β(040) oriented crystallite, the polymer chain is parallel to the Si substrate. This β fiber texture develops by polymer chain movement and rearrangement of the as-deposited α fiber texture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.111433
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Xanthones from Polygala tenuifolia
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Phytochemistry 31 (1992), S. 3997-4000 
    Details
    ISSN: 0031-9422
    Keywords: 3-hydroxy-1,2,7-trimethoxyxanthone, ; 3-hydroxy-2,8-dimethoxyxanthone ; 6,8-dihydroxy-1,2,3-trimethoxyxanthone. ; 6,8-dihydroxy-1,2,4-trimethoxyxanthone ; 7-hydroxy-1,2,3-trimethoxyxanthone ; Polygala tenuifolia ; Polygalaceae ; xanthones
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0031-9422(00)97571-X
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Failures of the four-wave mixing model for cone emission
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Optics Communications 111 (1994), S. 331-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4018
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0030-4018(94)90474-X
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    OPTIMIZATION OF CAROTENE RECOVERY FROM HYDROLYZED PALM OLEIN IN ADSORPTION COLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHY USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food lipids 11 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4522
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Response Surface Methodology (RSM) for optimization of carotene recovery from hydrolyzed palm olein (HCPOlein) in adsorption chromatography was carried out. The level and interaction of three independent variables was investigated: column temperature (50 to 60C), oil loading (25 to 200 g), and mobile phase flow rate (6 to 60 mL/min). Based on the response as percentage of carotene recovery from 50 g of HP-20 adsorbent, the optimum conditions were achieved at 200 g of oil loading, column temperature at 55C, and flow rate at 33 mL/min. Up to 98% of carotene recovery was obtained under these conditions. Interaction of oil-oil, oil-flow rate and flow rate-flow rate could enhance the percentage of carotene recovery. However, oil and flow rate as single factors could significantly reduce percentage of carotene recovery. Oil loading as a single factor could positively influence the amount of carotene adsorbed. However, flow rate as a single factor and oil-oil interaction could negatively influence the amount of carotene adsorbed. The mean of difference (MD) of the experimental and predicted data for percentage of carotene recovery and the amount of carotene adsorbed were very small, −0.0067 and 0.0133, respectively. The probability (P) value showed no significant lack-of-fit for both equations in this model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4522.2004.tb00259.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RECOVERY OF PALM CAROTENE FROM PALM OIL AND HYDROLYZED PALM OIL BY ADSORPTION COLUMN CHROMATOGRAPHY (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food lipids 9 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1745-4522
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Crude palm oil and crude palm olein were hydrolyzed with lipase from Candida rugosa to produce a free fatty acid (FFA) rich oil. The percentages of FFA produced and carotene degradation after the hydrolysis process were determined. The palm oil and hydrolyzed palm oil were subsequently subjected to column chromatography. Diaion HP-20 adsorbent was used for reverse phase column chromatography at 50C. Isopropanol or ethanol, and n-hexane were used as the first and second eluting solvents, respectively. The objective of hydrolyzing the palm oil was to produce more polar FFA-rich oil in order to enhance the nonpolar carotene bind to the nonpolar HP-20 adsorbent in the column chromatography process. Hydrolyzing palm oil with lipase from Candida rugosa gave 30- and 60-fold, respectively, of FFA in the crude palm oil and crude palm olein in 24 h at 50C. Approximately, 15.56 and 17.48% of carotene degraded in crude palm oil and crude palm olein, respectively. For column chromatography, using isopropanol or ethanol as the first eluting solvent, unhydrolyzed oil and hydrolyzed oil showed the carotene recovery infraction two (carotene-rich fraction) of about 36–37 and 90–96%, respectively. Over 90% of carotene recovery was obtained from
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-4522.2002.tb00211.x
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