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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 101 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objectives In a cohort of term infants with cerebral depression at delivery, to investigate the association of perinatal signs of birth asphyxia, particularly abnormal fetal heart rate patterns in labour, acidaemia, and serious neonatal encephalopathy, with neurodevelopmental outcome at age five years.Design Five year follow up study of a birth cohort.Setting Regional maternity hospital.Subjects One hundred and eighty-four singleton infants with a 1 min Apgar score ≤ 3, born at term between January 1984 and September 1985.Main outcome measures Neonatal death, cerebral palsy, and scores on a battery of neurodevelopmental tests at age five.Results Seven infants had a cluster of perinatal signs suggestive of birth asphyxia; all included serious neonatal encephalopathy. Three of these infants died neonatally, three had spastic quadriparesis with profound developmental delay, and one was unimpaired at the age of five. Among the remaining infants, no association was found between severely abnormal fetal heart rate patterns in labour and scores on neurodevelopmental tests, or between acid–base status at delivery and test scores.Conclusions Birth asphyxia, identified by a cluster of abnormal perinatal signs, including serious neonatal encephalopathy, has a poor prognosis. If serious encephalopathy is not present, cerebral depression at birth preceded by abnormal fetal heart rate patterns in labour, or with acid–base derangement, is not predictive of later impairment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 93 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 93 (1986), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Of 32 735 singleton births in Oxford in the 6 years 1978–1983, 10% were by caesarean section. In contrast to the national data, no trend in this rate was observed. Repeat caesarean sections accounted for 30% of all sections and the proportion of women who had had a previous caesarean section rose gradually in the hospital population. The other main indications for section were dystocia, fetal distress in labour and breech presentation, which together accounted for a further 45% of all sections. Comparison with caesarean section rates reported from North America shows that repeat sections and sections for dystocia were less frequent in Oxford but the rates for other indications were similar. Dystocia is likely to be a key factor in determining future section rates. Dystocia occurred mainly in primiparae, and was more common with short stature and with increasing gestation and maternal age. For all height, age and gestation groups dystocia was more than twice as frequent in induced as in non-induced labour. This association does not imply a causal relationship, but neither is one excluded.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 90 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Analysis of 14 219 births in West Jerusalem showed that infants of North African origin had a higher birthweight than infants of other ethnic groups. The group of mothers of North African origin included a relatively high proportion from the lowest social classes. The observed excess birthweight was apparent after allowing for the effects of gestation, maternal body size, baby's sex, parity and smoking. Maternal age and season of birth also had a significant effect on birthweight. Birthweight was higher if the mother had immigrated to Israel after the age of 10 years than if she had immigrated at a younger age, or had been born in Israel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 95 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. The pregnancy outcome of 196 primigravidae aged 35 years or over, with no history of involuntary infertility, was compared with that of 196 matched primigravidae aged 20–25 years, and also with 72‘elderly’ primigravidae (〈inlineGraphic alt="geqslant R: gt-or-equal, slanted" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:14700328:BJO230:ges" location="ges.gif"/〉35 years) whose pregnancies had followed a period of involuntary infertility of at least 1 year. The older primigravidae with no history of infertility had a four-fold risk of preterm (〈37 weeks) delivery, a five-fold risk of caesarean section and significantly increased rates of vaginal operative delivery, chronic hypertension and fibroids, when compared with the primigravidae between 20 and 25 years of age. They also showed a greater tendency to severe preeclampsia and perinatal death, but these differences were not statistically significant. Elective caesarean section was twice as common in the older women with a history of infertility than in those without such a history (20.8% compared with 10.7%) although this difference was not statistically significant. No other differences in pregnancy outcome were found between the two‘elderly’ groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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