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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Morphologische und biochemische Charakterisierung der Entwicklung befruchteter Eier des SeeigelsSphaerechinus granularis Lam (1971)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 167 (1971), S. 99-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Züchtung der Entwicklungsstadien. Die Eier und Embryonen des SeeigelsSphaerechinus pranularis wurden bei 22° C unter sedimentationsverhinderndem Rühren und Belüftung in einer Konzentration von 3000 Keimen/ml in 10 Litern Ansätzen 72 h gehalten. Dem Kulturansatz wurden keine Antibiotika zugegeben. Die Entwicklungsschritte liefen bis zuletzt weitgehend synchron ab. 2. Morphologie. Die Morphologie wurde bis zum Pluteus-Stadium — nach 72 h Entwicklungszeit — beschrieben. Im 64-Zellstadium ließen sich bei diesem Objekt keine Makromeren-,Mikromeren- und Mesomeren-Zellkränze unterscheiden. Die Entwicklungsdauer und das entsprechende Volumen der Stadien wurden angegeben. Weiterhin wurde die Zellzahl der verschiedenen Stadien bestimmt. 3. Elektronische Stadienbestimmung. Die Embryogenese wurde mit elektronischer Meßtechnik (Coulter Counter mit Volumenverteilungsschreiber) verfolgt. Volumenverteilungskurven der Ei-Population wurden geschrieben. Das fast schlagartige Nach-außen-Weichen der Befruchtungsmembran in einer Ei-Population wird als 48%iger Volumenzuwachs registriert. Im Laufe der weiteren Entwicklung steigt das Embryovolumen bis auf 300–400% des Ausgangsvolumens. Die Gastrulationsgeschehnisse lassen das Volumen wieder auf ca. 150% absinken. Im Verlaufe der weiteren Entwicklung werden zwei weitere kleinere Extrema des Volumens durchlaufen, wonach wieder eine steile Volumenvergrößerung zumindest bis 50 h erfolgt. Die mit elektronischer Technik gewonnenen Ergebnisse wurden mit den auf optischem Wege erhaltenen Daten verglichen und auf ihre Relevanz hin geprüft. Die Resultate lassen die elektronischen Ereignisse als die zuverlässigeren erscheinen. Die elektronische Anordnung ermöglicht es, die Embryonen nach Entwicklungsstadium und ihren Verteilungsmodus in der Population, schnell und fehlerfrei zu charakterisieren.
    Notes: Summary 1. Rearing to the developmental stage. Eggs and embryos of the sea urchin speciesSphaerechinus granularis were kept at a concentration of 3000 per ml in 101 batches at 22° C. They were stirred under continuous aeration to counteract sedimentation for up to 72 h. The development in the population could be kept nearly synchronous all the time. 2. Morphology. Morphology has been followed up to the pluteus stage—72 h after fertilization. At the 64 cell stage no cell coronas of macromeres, micromeres and mesomeres could be discerned in this embryo. The time periods of the different stages, their corresponding volumes and their cell numbers have been determined. 3. Electronic characterization of the stages. Embryogenesis has been followed using the Coulter Counter with size distribution plotter, the volume distribution curves being recorded continuously. The sudden elevation of the fertilization membrane manifests itself as a volume increase of 50 per cent. In the course of further development the volume increases 300–400 per cent. Gastrulation events cause a drop in embryonic volume of about 150 per cent. In the course of further development two additional smaller volume peaks occur, followed by a steep rise in volume, at least up to 72 h. The results obtained from electronic methods when compared with results from microscopy prove their relevance, the data from the Coulter Counter being the more consistent ones. The electronic method makes it possible to characterize the embryos according to their developmental stage and to their pattern of population distribution in a fast and reliable fashion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00577035
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Möglichkeiten zur gezielten Diagnose durch Bestimmung der sauren Desoxyribonucleasen im Urin gesunder Kontrollpersonen und Xeroderma pigmentosum-Patienten (1971)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 49 (1971), S. 1290-1294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Deoxyribonucleases ; diagnosis ; DNA-damage ; microdiscelectrophoresis ; repairmechanism ; urine ; Xeroderma pigmentosum ; Desoxyribonucleasen ; Diagnose ; DNA-Schaden ; Microdiscelektrophorese ; Repairmechanismus ; Urin ; Xeroderma pigmentosum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Das Verteilungsmuster der DNase-Aktivität1 im Urin von Normalpersonen und X.p.-Patienten wurde mit einem mikro-disk-elektrophoretischen Verfahren untersucht. Bei saurer Inkubation sind 4 distinkte Aktivitätsbanden im Normalurin nachweisbar. Urin von X.p.-Patienten zeigt eine deutliche Verminderung der 2.–4. Bande, wobei die Veränderung der 3. Bande besonders auffällig ist. Es wurde ferner untersucht, wie sich das Verhalten verändert, wenn statt nativer DNA denaturierte als Substrat angeboten und wenn die zweiwertigen Ionen durch EDTA komplexiert wurden. Eine Aktivitätsverminderung ist nicht auf das Auftreten von Inhibitoren zurückzuführen, sondern wahrscheinlich durch eine Konzentrationsverminderung an Enzym verursacht.
    Notes: Summary The distribution pattern of desoxyribonuclease (DNase) activity1 in the urine of healthy subjects and xeroderma pigmentosum (X.p.) patients has been examined by micro disc electrophoresis. When incubated at pH 5.0, four distinct bands of DNase activity are shown in normal urine. In urine of X.p. patients a significant decrease of the second to fourth band can be observed. The change of the third band is extremely obvious. Further to the influence of native DNA, denaturated DNA and EDTA on the pattern of DNase activities were studied. The decrease of DNase activity in X. p. urine is not due to the presence of an inhibitor but is rather caused by lower enzyme concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01733085
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thymine content of sea water as a measure of biosynthetic potential (1977)
    Springer
    Marine biology 40 (1977), S. 1-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract A hydrolysis procedure along with a high-pressure liquid chromatographic procedure is given enabling simple and reliable thymine determinations in the nanogram range in different fractions of sea-water samples taken from three different locations in the Northern Adriatic Sea. The levels corresponded to 1–3 μg DNA per liter. From total polyanionic thymine, which had been precipitated as the cetyltrimethylammonium salt, the highest percentage was linked to the particulate fraction, with a definite subsurface minimum at 10 to 15 m. There was a corresponding maximum of a high molecular “non-particulate” thymine-containing fraction at the corresponding depth. From the bottom at 30 m upwards to about 20 m, a low molecular thymine-containing material has been found. Remarkably these basic features were common to all three locations, one of which was supposed to be in clean water, one near a thickly settled, touristic area, and the other in front of a large river delta coming from industrial hinterland.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00390621
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell-cell recognition system in gorgonians: description of the basic mechanism (1983)
    Springer
    Marine biology 76 (1983), S. 1-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The dissociation of the gorgonian Eunicella cavolinii (Koch) into single cells was successfully accomplished. These cells readily formed aggregates of a size of 2 100 μm during incubation in roller tubes; no aggregate formation was observed in non-rotating Petri dishes. The formation of aggregates was not influenced by Ca++, urea or trypsin; it was also independent of temperature (4° to 30°C) and pH (5.5–9.0). The intercellular material of the gorgonian contains a galactose-specific lectin, as determined by double diffusion experiments and haemagglutination inhibition experiments using a series of galactoglycoconjugates. This lectin converted the aggregation-susceptible cells to aggregation-deficient cells. These findings are summarized in a novel model, in which it is assumed that the lectin masks the function of the cell surface-associated aggregation molecules.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00393049
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Benzo(a)pyrene monooxygenase induction in marine fish-molecular response to oil pollution (1977)
    Springer
    Marine biology 44 (1977), S. 211-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Induction of benzo (a) pyrene monooxygenase (BPMO) activity occurred in Blennius pavo, a species with a restricted territorial range, in response to exposure to a Diesel 2 oil. A response delay of 14 days was found at a concentration of 170 ppb and of 3 days when the water was saturated with Diesel 2 oil. When induced fish were transferred to clean water, elevated BPMO activity was maintained at a high level for at least a month. A benthic protochordate, Microcosmos sulcatus, showed no increase in BPMO activity when exposed to these concentrations even after 30 days of exposure. Field observations revealed a great variation in the BPMO activity from B. pavo caught at different sites. Fish from contaminated sites had significantly elevated levels of BPMO activity. Sardine schools caught at different sites had different, low levels of BPMO activities. However, specimens from the same school had closely similar levels of enzyme activity. An oil pollution incident (New Year 1977 oil spill in Northern Adriatic Sea) caused an increase in the BPMO activity in the livers of Blenniideae, reaching a peak on the 23rd day (representing an 8.5-fold increase in the background level), followed by a decrease in activity until a new background level, 3 times that of the original background level, was reached on the 45th day. This new background level is constant (through May-5 months after the incident). Measurement of BPMO activity in the livers of nonmigrant fish could serve as a useful biochemical parameter for monitoring and evaluation of acute or long-term oil pollution at a given site.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00387701
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microdisc-electrophoretic study of deoxyribonucleases in cow snout epidermis (1983)
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 275 (1983), S. 213-217 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Keywords: Acid ; Neutral DNases ; Epidermis ; Microdisc ; Electrophoresis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Acid and neutral deoxyribonucleases (DNases) of the cow snout epidermis were investigated by the microdiscelectrophoresis of polyacrylamide gels containing highly polymerized DNA and by isoelectric focusing techniques. The nucleases were characterized with respect to their pH optimum. An acid DNase at pH 5.0 was detected as a single distinct band after the electrophoretic separation. After isoelectric focussing also, only one acid DNase activity with an isoelectric point (IP) of 6.2 was detectable. Neutral DNases at pH 7.4 were demonstrated as major and minor bands by their different electrophoretic mobilities. In the isoelectric focusing system also, two neutral DNases, a major one (IP, 4.6) and a minor one (IP, 6.4), were found. Characterization with respect to their histologic location showed acid and neutral DNases across the epidermal layers with the highest activities in the upper layers, where DNA concentration had been shown to be lowest. In correlation with their subcellular distribution, the highest activities of both acid and neutral DNase were found in the 105,00xg supernatant of the subcellular fractions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00416662
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The ELBE Radiation Source Project at the Forschungszentrum Rossendorf (1997)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 255-257 (Sept. 1997), p. 732-734 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/02/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.255-257.732.pdf
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transmission Electron Microscopy of GroEL, GroES, and the Symmetrical GroEL/ES Complex
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Structural Biology 112 (1994), S. 216-230 
    Details
    ISSN: 1047-8477
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jsbi.1994.1022
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellular Division and Cellular Volume Distribution in the Presence of 2-Phenyl-ethanol and some of its Derivatives (1966)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 212 (1966), S. 298-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Mouse lymphoma cells L 5178 Y were used, and were grown in a 10-20 per cent horse serum medium. At the beginning of an experiment, 30,000 cells/ml, were inoculated into fresh medium. Five millilitres in 25 ml. roller tubes were brought to the required concentration of the compound to be tested and ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/212298a0
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ClpS is an essential component of the N-end rule pathway in Escherichia coli (2006)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 439 (2006), S. 753-756 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The N-end rule states that the half-life of a protein is determined by the nature of its amino-terminal residue. Eukaryotes and prokaryotes use N-terminal destabilizing residues as a signal to target proteins for degradation by the N-end rule pathway. In eukaryotes an E3 ligase, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature04412
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