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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kombinationstherapie der akuten Rattenleukämie L 5222 mit Endoxan und Methyl- bzw. Endoxan und n-Butyl-Nitrosoharnstoff (1974)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 52 (1974), S. 1026-1027 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Leukemia ; experimental therapy ; cytoxan ; nitroso-ureas ; Leukämie ; experimentelle Therapie ; Endoxan ; Nitrosoharnstoffe
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird über eine Kombinationstherapie bei einer Stammzellenleukämie der Ratte mit Endoxan und Methyl- bzw. n-Butyl-Nitrosoharnstoff berichtet. 70 Tage nach Beginn der Behandlung wurde bei allen Tieren eine vollständige Heilung erzielt.
    Notes: Summary A combination therapy of a stem-cell leukemia in rats is reported using cytoxan and N-methyl- or N-n-butyl-N-nitroso urea respectively. Seventy days after the treatment started all animals were completely restored to health.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01494277
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EXPERIMENTAL CHEMICAL PRODUCTION OF BRAIN TUMORS (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 381 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1982.tb50390.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase in animal and human ovarian tumor cell lines by O6-benzylguanine and sensitization to BCNU (1994)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 35 (1994), S. 262-266 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Keywords: Key words Ovarian cancer ; O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase ; Carmustine resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  O6-Alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (O6-AGT) activity in rat ovarian tumor lines O-342 and O-342/DDP was 103.4±18.4 and 240.9±40.2 fmol/mg protein, respectively; thus, cisplatin (DDP) resistance was paralleled by an increase in O6-AGT activity by a factor of approximately 2.3. The DDP-resistant line expressed a collateral resistance to BCNU. Both lines could be sensitized to BCNU by O6-BG, with sensitization factors of 6.0 and 2.1, respectively. In neither line did depletion of O6-AGT have any sensitizing effect towards DDP. In the human ovarian cancer lines SK-OV-3 and OAW 42, O6-AGT activity was 337.6±18.2 and 180.0±39.9 fmol/mg protein, respectively; in these lines depletion of O6-AGT activity by O6-BG treatment resulted in sensitization factors of 3.0 and 4.1, respectively. The increase in sensitivity of ovarian tumor cell lines against a chloroethylating agent by O6-AGT depletion and possible pharmacological advantages of regional (i.p.) administration of this combination might be beneficial in advanced ovarian cancer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00686559
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vitro evaluation of platinum, titanium and ruthenium metal complexes in cisplatin-sensitive and-resistant rat ovarian tumors (1991)
    Springer
    Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology 27 (1991), S. 301-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The antitumor activity of eight new metal complexes (three platinum, one titanium, four ruthenium derivatives) was investigated in a cisplatin (DDP)-sensitive (O-342) and a DDP-resistant (O-342/DDP) ovarian tumor line using the bilayer soft-agar assay. A continuous exposure set up at logarithmically spaced concentrations was used to test the drugs; to uncover possible pharmacokinetic features, a short-term exposure was additionally included for selected compounds. DDP served as the reference drug. The following compounds were investigated: 18-crown-6-tetracarboxybis-diammineplatinum(II) (CTDP),cis-aminotrismethylenephosphonato-diammineplatinum(II) (ADP),cis-diamminecyclohexano-aminotrismethylenephosphonato-platinum(II) (DAP), diethoxybis(1-phenylbutane-1,3-dionato)titanium(IV) (DBT, budotitane),trans-imidazolium-bisimidazoletetrachlororuthenate(III) (ICR),trans-indazolium-tetrachlorobisindazoleruthenate(III) (IndCR),cis-triazolium-tetrachlorobistriazoleruthenate(III) (TCR) andtrans-pyrazolium-tetrachlorobispyrazoleruthenate(III) (PCR). Of the new metal complexes, CTDP was the most active compound in O-342, resulting in a percentage of control plating efficiency (±SE) of 1±1, 12±8 and 40±21 following continuous exposure to 10, 1 and 0.1 μm, respectively, and was thus comparable to DDP at equimolar concentrations. In the resistant line, 10 μm CTDP reduced colony growth to 18%±8%, whereas an equimolar concentration of DDP effected a reduction to 26%±9%. During short-term exposure, CTDP was inferior to DDP, which may be ascribed to the stability of the bis-dicarboxylate platinum ring system. The titanium compound DBT, in contrast, showed promising effects at its highest concentration (100 μm) during short-term exposure in both lines; at this concentration the activity in O-342/DDP was higher than that in O-342 (7%±7% vs 34%±17% of control plating efficiency at 100 μm). All ruthenium complexes showed higher activity in the resistant line O-342/DDP than in the sensitive counterpart. ICR was the most active compound. Following continuous exposure of O-342/DDP cells to 10 μm ICR, colony growth was reduced to 18%±4% that of controls. Further studies should concentrate on CTDP and ICR for the following reasons: the activity of CTDP was equal to that of DDP at equimolar concentrations during continuous exposure; considering that the in vivo toxicity of DDP was 3-fold that of CTDP, an increase in the therapeutic index of CTDP would be expected. ICR showed the best effect of all ruthenium complexes; it was superior to DDP in the resistant line.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00685116
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of meningeal leukemia in rats by intracerebral or intrameningeal inoculation of the acute transplantable leukemia L 5222 (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 86 (1976), S. 287-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Ein tierexperimentelles Modell einer meningiosis leucaemica bei der Ratte wird erreicht durch intracerebrale oder intrameningeale Verimpfung von Zellen der transplantablen akuten Rattenleukämie L 5222. Das histopathologische Bild entspricht demjenigen, wie es bei der menschlichen meningiosis leucemica gefunden wird. 2 Tage nach der intracerebralen Transplantation ist die Leukämie L 5222 generalisiert.
    Notes: Summary An experimental model of meningeal leukemia is developed by intracerebral or intrameningeal inoculation of cells from the transplantable acute rat leukemia L 5222. The histopathological pattern is similar to that observed in central nervous system leukemia in man. The leukemia L 5222 becomes systemic 2 days after intracerebral inoculation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00286947
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Examination of four newly synthesized 2-chloroethylnitrosoureas in comparison with BCNU, CCNU, MeCCNU, chlorozotocin and hydroxyethyl-CNU in preterminal rat leukemia L 5222 (1979)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 95 (1979), S. 43-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: 2-Chloroethylnitrosoureas ; Leukemia L 5222 ; Rat ; 2-Chlorethylnitrosoharnstoffe ; Leukämie L 5222 ; Ratte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die therapeutische Aktivität der vier neusynthetisierten Nitrosoharnstoffe 1-(2-Chlorethyl)-1-nitroso(3-methylencarboxamido)-harnstoff (Acetamido-CNU), 1-(2-Chlorethyl)-1-nitroso-3-(4-morpholino)-harnstoff (Morpholino-CNU), 1-(2-Chlorethyl)-1-nitroso-3-(1-piperidino)-harnstoff (Piperidino-CNU) und 2-[3-(2-Chlorethyl)-3-nitrosoureido]-ethylmethansulfonat (Ethylmethansulfonato-CNU) wurde an der präterminalen Rattenleukämie L 5222 mit der Wirkung von BCNU, CCNU, MeCCNU, Chlorozotocin und Hydroxyethyl-CNU verglichen. MeCCNU war den anderen Substanzen im Hinblick auf den breiten Dosisbereich, in dem eine mediane Überlebenszeit von 〉90 Tagen bewirkt wurde, überlegen. Chlorozotocin dagegen bewirkte als einzige Substanz in dieser Versuchsanordnung keine Heilungen. Von den neu vorgestellten Substanzen waren die wasserlöslichen Verbindungen Acetamido-CNU und Morpholino-CNU im Hinblick auf die Breite des Dosisbereiches, in dem eine mediane Überlebenszeit von 〉90 Tagen erzielt wurde, annähernd dem CCNU vergleichbar. Piperidino-CNU und Ethylmethansulfonato-CNU bewirkten auch Heilungen; jedoch wurde nur mit einer Dosierung von Piperidino-CNU eine mediane Überlebenszeit von 〉90 Tagen erreicht.
    Notes: Summary The newly synthesized nitrosoureas 1-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitroso-3-(methylenecarboxamido)-urea (Acetamido-CNU), 1-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitroso-3-(4-morpholino)-urea (Morpholino-CNU), 1-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitroso-3-(1-piperidino)-urea (Piperidino-CNU), and 2-[3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureido]-ethylmethanesulfonate (Ethylmethanesulfonato-CNU) were compared in their chemotherapeutic activity against preterminal rat leukemia L 5222 with BCNU, CCNU, MeCCNU, Chlorozotocin, and Hydroxyethyl-CNU. With respect to the dose range effecting a median survival time of more than 90 days, MeCCNU was superior to the other substances. Chlorozotocin, on the other hand, was the only substance which achieved no cures in this experimental arrangement. From the four newly introduced substances the water-soluble substances Acetamido-CNU and Morpholino-CNU were approximately comparable to CCNU with regard to the dose range effecting a median survival time of 〉90 days. Piperidino-CNU and Ethylmethanesulfonato-CNU also effected cures; however, only Piperidino-CNU in one dosage effected a median survival time of 〉90 days.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00411108
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of second malignancies in rats after cure of acute leukemia L 5222 by single doses of 2-chloroethylnitrosoureas (1979)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 95 (1979), S. 83-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: 2-Chloroethylnitrosoureas ; Carcinogenesis ; Rat ; 2-Chloroethylnitrosoharnstoffe ; Carcinogenese ; Ratte
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Nach Heilung der akuten Rattenleukämie L 5222 bei 79 BD IX Ratten mit einmaligen Dosen von 1,3-bis(2-Chloroethyl)-1-nitrosoharnstoff (BCNU) oder 1-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-3-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoharnstoff (Hydroxyethyl-CNU) entwickelten sich bei insgesamt 9 Tieren (∼ 11%) sekundäre Malignome.
    Notes: Summary After cure of rat leukemia L 5222 in 79 BD IX rats by single doses of 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) or 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea (Hydroxyethyl-CNU) a total of 9 rats (11%) developed secondary malignomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00411113
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemotherapy of autochthonous leukemias induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene in long evans rats (1980)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 96 (1980), S. 157-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Keywords: Autochthonous (primary) rat leukemia ; 7,12 Dimethylbenz(a)anthracene ; Chemotherapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A total of 111 autochthonous (primary) acute rat leukemias of the diffuse-hepatic type which had been induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene were treated with mono- and combination chemotherapy. The survival time of treated rats increased significantly compared to untreated controls. A combination of vincristine (VCR), adriamycin (ADR), and cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C) was superior to a combination of VCR and ADR as well as to a monotherapy with Cyclophosphamide, BCNU, VCR, ADR, and Ara-C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00405500
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen zur Beeinflussung der teratogenen Wirkung von Äthyl-Nitrosoharnstoff durch Gewebehomogenate in vitro (1973)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 79 (1973), S. 162-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die teratogene Wirkung von Äthyl-nitrosoharnstoff wird aufgehoben, wenn die Substanz vor der Injektion an schwangere Ratten mit dem Gesamthomogenat von Rattenkeimlingen (10–13 Tage alt) für eine Stunde bei Zimmertemperatur (pH=6,6) inkubiert wird. Der Effekt ist nicht mehr nachweisbar, wenn die Keimlinge älter sind, oder wenn Leber und Gehirn von erwachsenen Ratten mit ÄNH inkubiert werden.
    Notes: Summary The teratogenic activity of N-ethyl-N-nitroso-urea in rats was significantly decreased after incubation of the substance with a homogenate of whole rat embryos (10–13 days old) for 1 hour at room temperature (pH=6.6). This effect could not be demonstrated, if embryos were older than 13 days or if liver or brain tissue homogenates of adult rats were added to the incubation mixture.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00303674
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some new congeners of the anticancer agent 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) synthesis of bifunctional analogs and water soluble derivatives and preliminary evaluation of their chemotherapeutic potential (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 86 (1976), S. 279-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1335
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Synthese neuer Analoge von BCNU wird beschrieben. Sie beruht auf der Herstellung von N-(2-Chloräthyl)-N-nitrosocarbamoyl Azid und dessen Umsetzung mit aliphatischen Diaminen und Aminoalkoholen zu den entsprechenden 1,1′-Polymethylenbis-3-(2-chloräthyl)-3-nitrosoharnstoffen, sowie 1-(ω-Hydroxyalkyl)-3-(2-chloräthyl) 3-nitrosoharnstoffen. Die Prüfung der chemotherapeutischen Wirksamkeit der neu synthetisierten Nitrosoharnstoffe gegen die Rattenleukämie L 5222 und gegen das s.c. Walker Carcinosarkom 256 ergab bemerkenswerte Unterschiede zwischen den einzelnen Verbindungen. Der wasserlösliche 1-(2-Hydroxyäthyl)-3-(2-chloräthyl)-3-nitrosoharnstoff war die wirksamste Verbindung dieser Reihe; er ergab 90% Heilungen bei der Rattenleukämie L 5222.
    Notes: Summary The synthesis of new analogs of the anticancer agent BCNU is described. It involves the preparation of N-(2-chloroethyl)-N-nitrosocarbamoylazide and its reaction with aliphatic diamines and aminoalcohols to yield 1,1′-polymethylenebis 3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureas and 1-(ω-hydroxyalkyl)-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosoureas. Screening for chemotherapeutic activities of the newly synthesized nitrosoureas against rat leukemia L 5222 and s.c. Walker carcinosarcoma 256 revealed remarkable differences between individual compounds. The water soluble 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea was the most active compound of this series, effecting 90% cures in i.p. inoculated L 5222 leukemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00286946
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