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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (256)
  • 1995-1999  (256)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Long-term Psychosocial Effects of Infertility (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of obstetric, gynecologic and neonatal nursing 24 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1552-6909
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective: To explore the psychosocial effects of infertility and the role that social support plays over time. The major hypothesis was that although infertile persons report less contentment, lower levels of marital and sexual satisfaction, and lower self-esteem over time, those with higher levels of social support will be less affected Design/Setting: Four questionnaires were completed in subjects' own homes, one every 9 months. Participants: Subjects, all of whom perceived themselves as infertile, were recruited through the national newsletter for an infertility support group. Ninety-four subjects entered the study, and 41% of the sample completed it. Main outcome measures: Contentment, marital satisfaction, sexual satisfaction, self-esteem, sex-role identity, press (the measure of perceived internal and external pressures), and social support. Results: Perceived support (F [3,111] = 4.77, p 〈 0.004), as well as contentment and self-esteem, significantly increased over time (F[3,1111 = 12.03, p 〈 0.0001, andF [3, 1111 = 5.378, p 〈 0.002, respectively). Social support was positively correlated with all dependent measures. Conclusions: Contrary to what was hypothesized, infertile persons experienced increased social support and greater contentment over time. As hypothesized, there was a significant positive relationship between social support and all dependent measures. The positive impact of social support, counseling, and the adoption of strategies to deal with the stress of infertility lends credence to the crucial role nurses can play in helping infertile couples cope.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1552-6909.1995.tb02389.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intellectual outcome in children with malignant tumors of the posterior fossa: influence of the field of irradiation and quality of surgery (1995)
    Springer
    Child's nervous system 11 (1995), S. 340-345 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0350
    Keywords: Malignant tumors of the posterior fossa ; Intellectual outcome ; Radiotherapy to posterior fossa ; Radiotherapy to cerebral hemispheres ; Radial surgery ; Brain stem lesions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the respective parts played by cerebral hemisphere irradiation, posterior fossa irradiation, and surgery in the poor late functional results often observed in children treated for medulloblastoma. To do this we compared the intellectual outcome in a series of 59 children operated on for medulloblastoma, who had received whole-brain irradiation, to that observed in a series of 37 children operated on for ependymoma of the posterior fossa, who had received radiotherapy only on the posterior fossa. Only patients who had survived for more than 2 years without recurrence were included. At the assessment 1 year after treatment, intellectual outcome was somewhat better in the ependymoma group, but the difference was not statistically significant. At the long-term follow-ups at 5 and 10 years the results remained stable in the children treated for ependymoma, around 60% having an IQ above 90, whereas the intellectual level of the children treated for medulloblastoma was seen to have deteriorated progressively: 20% had an IQ above 90 5 years after treatment and only 10% at the 10-year followup. This progressive degradation is most likely due to the irradiation of the cerebral hemispheres, as this prophylactic irradiation constituted the only difference between the two groups. Moreover, irradiation to the posterior fossa did not seem to affect intellectual functions, since in the group of children with ependymomas the proportion of IQs above 90 was high and remained stable over the years. Surgery was certainly responsible for some poor results. The percentage of IQs above 90 observed 1–2 years after treatment was between 70 and 80 when no postoperative complications occurred, and only between 20–40% in the presence of postoperative complications. Postoperative aggravation was in most cases related to a brain-stem lesion. These results encourage the reduction, when possible, of irradiation to the cerebral hemispheres and underline the importance of the quality of surgery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00301666
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature fluctuations and their correlation with density fluctuations in W7-AS : Proceedings of the 12th topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 1014-1017 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Correlations between electron density and temperature fluctuations have been measured in the core plasma of W7-AS. The simultaneous use of transmitting and receiving antennas of a heterodyne reflectometer by a crossed sightline ECE correlation radiometer enables the cross-correlation analysis of the reflectometer phase signal and ECE radiation temperature signals in overlapping plasma volumes. Correlations have been found in the spectral range 25–100 kHz, indicating an in-phase correlation between electron density and temperature fluctuations. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1149291
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tomography by the maximum entropy method for the W7-AS and W7-X multichannel bolometer systems : Proceedings of the eleventh topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 762-765 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A maximum entropy approach has been applied to the tomographic inversion of the line integrated measurements of radiation power flux by a multichannel bolometer system. This method was applied to an H-mode discharge in the W7-AS stellarator, with increasing radiation from the plasma core after the transition being observed. Also, a neutral beam injection discharge was investigated, and the time evolution of a marfe was documented. This method has also been applied to the preliminary design of a multicamera system for full tomographic reconstruction in the W7-X stellarator. In addition, measurements with wire mesh shielded metal foil bolometers have been carried out and the shielding of these bolometers from microwaves produced by the 140 GHz gyrotrons used for electron cyclotron heating has been demonstrated. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147912
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amplitude modulated heterodyne reflectometer for density profile and density fluctuation profile measurements at W7-AS (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 1807-1813 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A broadband heterodyne reflectometer operating in the frequency range 75–110 GHz in extraordinary mode polarization is used at the W7-AS stellarator for both fast density profile determination and density fluctuation studies. The probing signal is amplitude modulated at a frequency 133 MHz using the envelope phase for profile evaluation and the carrier phase to determine the fluctuation information simultaneously. Separate Gaussian beam optics for final signal launch and detection permits a beam waist of about 2 cm at the reflecting layer in the plasma. Amplitude modulated detection is accomplished in the intermediate frequency part by synchronous detection after recovery of the carrier by narrow-band filtering. Voltage controlled solid state oscillators followed by active frequency multiplication allow to scan the full frequency band within less than 1 ms. For typical W7-AS operation the accessible density range is 1×1019 to 6×1019 m−3 for on axis magnetic field of 2.5 T and 4.5×1019 to 10×1019 m−3 for 1.25 T, respectively. The probed radial positions range between 0.2〈r/a〈1.1 depending on plasma conditions (a≈17 cm). © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146978
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thomson scattering with a gated intensified charge-coupled device camera using a frequency doubled periodically pulsed Nd:YAG laser (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 5369-5370 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Using a gated intensified change-coupled device camera sectioned into 10 spatial and 33 spectral subchannels data collection up to 6 Hz repetition rate from the scattered signals of a Nd3+:YAG laser could be handled. This single detection system eases alignment and calibration via Rayleigh scattering. By accumulating up to 1000 Thomson pulse signals first spatial profiles of the electron temperature and electron density were received from a plasma jet. Results are in good agreement with spectroscopic data previously published. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146115
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Heterodyne reflectometer for phase and time delay measurements in W7-AS : Proceedings of the tenth topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 412-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A broadband heterodyne reflectometer operating in the frequency range 75–110 GHz in extraordinary mode polarization, is used at the W7-AS stellarator for density profile and density fluctuation studies. The system allows for broadband operation and permits unambiguous determination of the phase delay independent of the amplitude fluctuations in the reflected beam. The system uses two different gauss beam optics for both signal launch and detection with a slim beam waist of about 2 cm at the relevant plasma location. An amplitude modulation system has been incorporated operating at 133 MHz modulation frequency sharing with the phase sensitive system the main oscillators, antennas, and the receiver front end. AM detection is accomplished in the IF part by synchronous detection after recovery of the carrier by narrowband filtering. Time delay measurements can be done simultaneously with the carrier phase determination. The main purpose of the diagnostic in AM mode is fast edge density profile monitoring, conventional carrier phase detection is used for density fluctuation measurements and planned correlation studies. The agreement between the WKB approximation and the 1 D full wave numerical solutions for the W7-AS parameters and geometry guarantees the good localization of the measurements and permits the estimation of density fluctuation level from the measured phase fluctuations. Density fluctuation studies have been carried out in NBI and ECRH (L- and H-mode) plasmas. Fluctuation levels and spectral characteristics have been analyzed. In addition 2D effects possibly due to rotating turbulent structures have been observed. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146363
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fish-Community Response To Protective Liming in Thrush Lake, Minnesota (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Restoration ecology 4 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1526-100X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A protective limestone treatment was applied to an acid-sensitive lake in northeastern Minnesota as part of the Acid Precipitation Mitigation Program. This 6–year study evaluated the impact of that treatment on lakes in the upper Midwest that experience episodes of acid stress but have not lost basic species integrity and community structure. Several changes in the fish community can be directly or indirectly attributed to the addition of 4.6 tonnes of calcium carbonate early in the third year of the study. An almost 30–fold increase in the population of Pimephales promelas(fathead minnow) a year after liming, based on mark-recapture estimates from trap netting and snorkeling, was attributed to a pH increase and a three-fold increase in the calcium concentration of the epilimnion. After the initial increase, the abundance of fathead minnows declined in subsequent years, as did the elevated pH and calcium concentrations. The Salvelimis fontinalis(brook trout) population also increased in the lake following application of limestone, but this was due in part to closing the lake to fishing. An increase in survival of stocked brook trout to age 1+ and an increase in growth of older brook trout after liming were attributed to the increased forage that the fathead minnows provided. Fathead minnows may have also reduced predation pressure on young brook trout by older brook trout. This study demonstrated that liming of a slightly acidic lake did not adversely affect the integrity of the fish community, and in fact may have increased the abundance and biomass of the forage fish community and indirectly increased the survival, abundance, and growth of brook trout.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100X.1996.tb00183.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Luxembourg (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    European journal of political research 34 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1475-6765
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Political Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1475-6765.00360-i1
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New Species of Human Tyrosine Hydroxylase mRNA Are Produced in Variable Amounts in Adrenal Medulla and Are Overexpressed in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 67 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Alternative splicing of human tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) pre-mRNA produces four mRNAs leading to four different TH isoforms and is thought to have important regulatory functions. We show that the diversity of TH mRNAs is greater than previously described in the autonomous nervous system: New splice junctions corresponding to the skipping of exon 3 were identified by amplification of cDNA synthesized from pheochromocytoma RNA. In all cases the reading frame was maintained. These species were assayed by RNase protection experiments; their abundance (4–6%) was comparable to that of the previously identified human TH-3 and -4 species in normal adrenal medulla. However, higher levels (11–34%) of these species were found in adrenal medullas of patients suffering from progressive supranuclear palsy. Whether such changes are specific to the disease or the consequences of the stress associated with this severe neurodegeneration remains to be established.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.67010019.x
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