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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (15)
  • 1990-1994  (14)
  • 1955-1959  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurement of electron densities in electron cyclotron resonance plasmas for etching of III-V semiconductors (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 4206-4210 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The average electron densities in CH4/H2/Ar and CCl2F2/O2 electron cyclotron resonance discharges typical of those used for etching InP, GaAs, and related materials have been measured approximately 4 cm downstream from the multipolar microwave source as a function of microwave power (50–300 W), additional radio-frequency power (10–50 W), pressure (1–20 mTorr), flow rate (30–90 standard cubic centimeters per minute) and gas composition. At 1 mTorr pressure and 10 W rf, the electron densities (and semiconductor etch rates) increase rapidly with microwave power, from 1.3×1011 cm−3 for 5CH4/17H2/8Ar and 6×1010 cm−3 for 28CCl2F2/2O2 discharges at 50-W microwave power, to 9×1011 cm−3 and 3×1011 cm−3, respectively at 300-W microwave power. At the highest microwave power levels (≥200 W) the InP and GaAs etched surface morphologies are rough due to preferential removal of one of the lattice constituents from each material. The electron densities in both types of discharge show moderate increases with increasing rf power level, pressure or higher Ar or O concentrations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.348390
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-sensitive Pockels field sensor with a dielectric mirror (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 2351-2355 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The highly sensitive field sensor with a Pockels crystal which was devised by us has been modified by using a light reflection technique. By replacing a metallic mirror with a dielectric mirror which is sputtered on one end face of the Pockels crystal, the new field measuring system has an advantage of precisely measuring the field distribution in the long gap discharge. This is the case when the field sensing part consisting of the Pockels crystal is isolated from the main field measuring system and both are connected to each other with a long light guide cable. Based on our experiments, we found that the measurable minimum field strength in the long gap discharge is 2 V/cm with the accuracy of 16 dB and 0.2 V/cm with the critical accuracy of 0 dB. Furthermore, we point out that the size of the field sensing part can be reduced down to 1 mm in diameter by using a dielectric mirror and a light guide cable.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1144687
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical Rotatory Dispersion Studies. XIX.1 8-Methylhydrindanonens2 (1958)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 80 (1958), S. 4853-4857 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja01551a023
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Platelet superoxide dismutase in migraine and tension-type headache (1994)
    USA/Oxford, UK : American Association for the Study of Headache/Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cephalalgia 14 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2982
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a radical-scavenging enzyme. We determined Cu, Zn-SOD concentrations and activities in platelets from subjects with migraine and tension-type headaches. Thirty migraine without aura (MWoA) patients, 9 migraine with aura (MWA) patients, and 53 tension-type headache patients were selected for study. Thirty healthy volunteers composed the control group. Concentrations of platelet SOD were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay techniques. The activity of platelet SOD was determined by measuring reductivity of nitroblue tetrazolium. Low concentrations of platelet SOD were found in patients with MWA and MWoA. Platelet SOD activity decreased in MWA patients but not in patients with MWoA or tension-type headaches. These findings suggest vulnerability to oxidative stress in patients with migraine. It is suggested that low platelet SOD levels may play an important role in the etiology of migraine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1468-2982.1994.014003215.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diffusion barrier effects of transition metals for Cu/M/Si multilayers (M=Cr, Ti, Nb, Mo, Ta, W) (1994)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 64 (1994), S. 1511-1513 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In order to find appropriate diffusion barrier materials for Cu, the diffusion of Cu into Si through various barrier metals M (M=Cr, Ti, Nb, Mo, Ta, W) was investigated. The behavior of Cu in Cu/M/Si multilayers was measured after annealing using x-ray diffraction analysis, secondary ion mass spectroscopy, Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy, and electric resistance change. Only Cu/Ta/Si and Cu/W/Si multilayers retained their multilayer structures after annealing at 600 °C×1 h in H2 without resistivity increases. Multilayers of the other metals did not retain their structures after the same annealing condition. This difference in the barrier properties of the transition metals appeared to be related to the metal-Cu binary phase diagrams and their self-diffusion coefficients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.111875
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical high-sensitive field sensor using a Pockels crystal (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 5582-5585 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The sensitivity of an optical field sensor with a Pockels crystal of LiNbO3 for measuring a field distribution in a long-gap discharge has been much improved by using an intensity difference method with an intensity-modulated laser beam. The signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) is also improved by 37 dB from that without the above-mentioned method. The resultant sensitivity of the new field measuring system is 100 times higher than that of the previous one. Finally, it is possible to measure an electric field down to 7.5 V/cm in the long-gap discharge with high accuracy corresponding to the S/N ratio of 20 dB and 1.5 V/cm with the accuracy of 6.0 dB.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143385
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glutathione Peroxidase of Fish (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 57 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity was detected in the muscle and skin tissues from several fish species. The muscle GSH-Px showed an optimum pH at 8.0 for salmon and 8.5 for carp. Stability of salmon muscle enzyme was enhanced in the presence of reduced glutathione (GSH), but considerably decreased in the presence of tert-butylhydroperoxide. When salmon fillets were stored at -50°C, the GSH-Px activity increased gradually during storage. Fish muscle GSH-Px shows potential for preventing oxidative deterioration in muscle during storage and processing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1992.tb11276.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Superoxide dismutasc activity in lite skin of fish (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 43 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the skin of fish was observed to be higher in the dark than in the light parts. SOD activities in both parts were confirmed by visualisation of SOD activity on polyacrylamide gels. We suggest that the distribution of higher SOD in the dark parts of the skin might be related to melanization and to regulate of reactive oxygen species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1993.tb00585.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal degradation of polyesters by simultaneous TG-DTA/FT-IR analysis (1992)
    Springer
    Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 38 (1992), S. 1891-1900 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8943
    Keywords: polymers ; TG-DTA/FT-IR
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird ein kombiniertes System aus TG-DTA und FT-IR beschrieben. Mit dieser simultanen TG-DTA/FT-IR-Technik wurden spektroskopische und Massenverlustangaben über die thermische Zersetzung technisch wichtiger Polyester, namentlich von Poly(ethylenterephthalat) (PET) und Poly(Butylenterephthalat) (PBT) ermittelt. Die aus PET freigesetzten Gase waren Benzoesäure, Kohlendioxid und Kohlenmonoxid, die aus PBT freigesetzten Gase hingegen Terephthalsäureester und Benzoesäureester.
    Notes: Abstract A combination system of thermogravimetric/differential thermal analysis (TG-DTA) and Fourier-transform infrared absorption spectroscopy (FT-IR) was described. This simultaneous TG-DTA/FT-IR technique gave spectroscopic and weight loss information about the thermal degradation process of engineering polyesters; poly(ethylene terephthalate)(PET) and poly(butylene terephthalate)(PBT). The evolved gases from PET were benzoic acid, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, while those from PBT were terephthalic acid esters and benzoic acid esters.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01974683
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-steady state water adsorption of wood (1994)
    Springer
    Wood science and technology 28 (1994), S. 450-456 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5225
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary The validity of the following equation of water adsorption into wood substance which was derived in the previous report, is examined: d(δW)/dt = k0(1 − exp(-k1/t))δW(l − δW), which can approximately be written as: d(δW)/d(logt) = rδW(l − δW), where δW is moisture content; t is time (t 〉 0); k0, k1 and r are constants. After measuring dimensional change with change in time under various relative humidities, the change of moisture content was indirectly calculated from the proportional relationship between dimensional change and moisture content. It was found that the theoretical equation satisfactorily agreed with the experimental results. These results lead to the conclusion that the equation was valid. Furthermore, the properties of the equation, whose constants are determined from experimental results, is discussed. The rate of water adsorption of wood shows interesting and systematical properties, especially near relative humidities corresponding to the fiber-saturation point.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225464
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