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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Solid state phenomena Vol. 90-91 (Apr. 2003), p. 463-468 
    ISSN: 1662-9779
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Keywords Euglycaemic insulin clamp ; insulin sensitizer ; isoxazolidinedione ; insulin signaling ; JTT-501
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A newly synthesized antidiabetic agent, JTT-501 is an isoxazolidinedione rather than a thiazolidinedione. An oral dose of JTT-501 (100 mg · kg–1· day–1) given to 12-week-old male Zucker fatty rats for 7 days led to the amelioration of both hyperinsulinaemia (40 % of non-treated) and hypertriglyceridaemia (23 % of non-treated) as well as a 2.4-fold increased insulin sensitivity as determined by a euglycaemic insulin clamp. In our study, we further evaluated the acute effect of JTT-501 on both the glucose infusion rates (GIR) and insulin signalling in skeletal muscle. Male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats aged 10 weeks were injected intravenously with JTT-501 (5 mg/kg) and then a euglycaemic insulin clamp was initiated and glucose infusion rates monitored for 150 min. We found that this treatment increased the glucose infusion rate by 33 % during the last 30 min in SD rats. After the clamp had been initiated for 30 min, the insulin-stimulated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) activities co-immunoprecipitated with insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) were also enhanced, resulting in increased glycogen synthase activities in the soleus muscles. Treatment with JTT-501 also enhanced the phosphorylation of insulin receptors and insulin receptor-substrate 1 rapidly as well as the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activities, which were stimulated by a bolus injection of insulin. Similarly, JTT-501 stimulated the glucose infusion rate by 30 % and enhanced insulin signalling in Zucker fatty rats. In conclusion, a newly developed isoxazolidinedione, JTT-501, rapidly potentiates the insulin sensitivity of skeletal muscle by enhancing insulin signalling and could be useful for the treatment of insulin-resistant diabetic subjects. [Diabetologia (1999) 42: 151–159]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)—Liver—Hepatocellular carcinoma—Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy—Parenchymal damage.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Background: T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images frequently show fan-shaped areas of hypo- or hyperintensity in the hepatic parenchyma adjacent to a treated hepatocellular carcinoma after percutaneous ethanol injection (PEI) therapy. These areas correspond to abnormal contrast enhancement on serial dynamic MR images. The purpose of the present study was to describe the location, appearance, and frequency of these abnormalities because it is important to understand these entities for the correct assessment of therapeutic efficacy. Methods: MR imaging including a multisection dynamic study was performed in 20 consecutive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with PEI therapy. We retrospectively evaluated the presence of fan-shaped hypointensities adjacent to treated tumors in the liver parenchyma on T1-weighted images and hyperintensities on T2-weighted images and corresponding fan-shaped contrast enhancement on both arterial-dominant and delayed-phase dynamic MR images. We review the location, appearance, and frequency of these findings, and we discuss the possible causes on the basis of pathologic examinations. Results: Seven (35%) of the 20 patients showed fan-shaped hyperintense areas adjacent to the treated tumors on T2-weighted images. These areas showed isointensity in five patients and hypointensity in two patients on T1-weighted images. Of these seven patients, one (14%) underwent the MR imaging within 1 month after the completion of PEI therapy, and six (86%) had it 2–9 months after the completion of PEI therapy (mean = 6 months). In all seven patients, fan-shaped hyperperfusion abnormalities corresponding to these areas of hyperintensity on T2-weighted images were seen on both arterial-dominant and delayed-phase dynamic MR images. Pathologically, the coagulative necrosis of the hepatocytes with sinusoidal dilatation and the restoration by the development of fibrous tissue were seen in these fan-shaped areas. Conclusion: The fan-shaped areas of abnormal intensity on T1- and T2-weighted images and contrast enhancement on dynamic MR images seem to be attributable to pathologic changes in the normal liver parenchyma induced by the toxic reaction of ethanol. Awareness of the occurrence of such abnormalities in the peripheral liver parenchyma adjacent to the treated tumor is important for the correct assessment of therapeutic efficacy. RID=""ID=""〈e5〉Correspondence to:〈/e5〉 T. Fujita
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: MR during arterial portography—CT during arterial portography—Liver—Gadolinium.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Background: The goal of this study was to investigate the frequency of inhomogeneous parenchymal enhancement of the liver in magnetic resonance imaging during arterial portography (MRAP) versus computed tomography during arterial portography (CTAP). Methods: CTAP and MRAP were performed in 29 and in 21 patients, respectively, who had suspected primary or secondary liver tumors on clinical or biological grounds. We evaluated the frequency of inhomogeneous hepatic parenchymal enhancement not related to a decrease of portal blood supply due to compression or obstruction by the tumor and physiologic variation in portal perfusion. Inhomogeneous parenchymal enhancement of the liver was classified as segmental or subsegmental and as nonsegmental. Results: Segmental or subsegmental inhomogeneous parenchymal enhancement was seen in six of 29 patients (20.1%) on CTAP and in one of 21 patients (4.8%) on MRAP. Nonsegmental inhomogeneous parenchymal enhancement was seen in five of 29 patients (17.2%) on CTAP images and in none of the patients (0%) on MRAP images. The incidence of nonsegmental inhomogeneous parenchymal enhancement was significantly lower on MRAP than on CTAP. Conclusion: MRAP was superior to CTAP in achieving homogeneous parenchymal enhancement of the liver.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Pancreas—Liver, computed tomography.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Background: The purpose of the present study was to describe the computed tomography (CT) appearances of transient hepatic attenuation differences (THADs) in patients with acute pancreatitis and to discuss the mechanism of THAD. Methods: Two-phase dynamic CT images of 28 patients with acute pancreatitis were reviewed. Among them, THAD was seen in nine patients. All patients underwent ultrasonography, and four patients with THAD underwent surgery. Results: Three types of THAD (THAD adjacent to the gallbladder in five of 28 patients, THAD with left lobar distribution in three of 28, wedge-shaped THAD in one of 28) were seen on the two-phase dynamic CT scans of patients with acute pancreatitis. In five patients, THAD disappeared when acute pancreatitis had subsided. Conclusions: THAD in acute pancreatitis is probably caused by increased arterial blood flow attributable to the inflamed lobe of the liver or the inflamed gallbladder. THAD in acute pancreatitis should not be confused with primary liver abnormalities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 26 (1970), S. 1378-1379 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Calcitonin als neues kalzium- und phosphor-senkendes Hormon wurde auf seine Wirkung auf die inorganische Pyrophosphataseaktivität von Knochen untersucht. Eine Steigerung der alkalinen Pyrophosphataseaktivität wurde vor der starken Senkung des Serum-Kalziums beobachtet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 38 (1982), S. 1472-1472 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate, 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol and N,N′-diphenyl-p-phenylenediamine inhibited the generation of medullary prostaglandin E, but 1,2-dimethoxyethane (OH scavenger) and 2,5-dimethylfuran (1O2 scavenger) stimulated basal prostaglandin E production 1.2–1.3-fold. These results suggest that the balance between formation and removal of cellular lipid peroxides sets a peroxide level that can regulate the rate of prostaglandin formation in cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Carotid artery occlusion ; Collateral circulation ; Krypton-81m ; Emission tomography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zerebrale Perfusionsbilder wurden bei Patienten mit Halsschlagaderverschluß untersucht. Dazu wurde eine Infusion mit Krypton 81m in die A. carotis comm., A. carotis int. und in die A. vertebralis vorgenommen und dann computergesteuerte Einzelphotonenemissionstomogramme angefertigt. Analysiert wurde, welchen Beitrag der Gefäßkranz an der Hirnbasis und die Anastomosen der Großhirnrinde leisten, um eine angemessene Blutversorgung des betroffenen Gebietes aufrechtzuerhalten. Man kam zu dem Schluß, daß das zerebrale Perfusionsbild in der Abschätzung von Nebenkreisläufen der Angiographie überlegen ist. Im Fall eines Halsschlagaderverschlusses ist der Gefäßkranz an der Hirnbasis von Bedeutung, einen Infarkt im Gebiet der perforierenden Arterien zu verhüten, während die Großhirnrinde vorwiegend über die Anastomosen der weichen Hirnhaut mit Blut versorgt wird, was die Hauptrolle der Anastomosen der weichen Hirnhaut beweist.
    Notes: Summary Cerebral perfusion images were investigated in patients with carotid artery occlusion, using single photon emission computed tomography with the infusion of krypton-81m into the internal, common carotid and vertebral arteries. The contribution of the circle of Willis and cerebral cortical anastomoses to the maintenance of adequate blood supply into the involved hemisphere was analysed. It was concluded that the cerebral perfusion image is superior to angiography in evaluating collateral circulation, and in the case of carotid occlusion, the circle of Willis is important in preventing infarction in the territory of the perforating arteries, while the cerebral cortex mainly receives its blood supply through the cortical leptomeningeal anastomoses, illustrating the major role of the leptomeningeal anastomosis as a collateral channel.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Pseudohypoparathyroidism ; Pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism ; 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In order to clarify the complex interrelationship between serum calcium, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D), and parathyroid hormone (PTH), and the urinary excretion of cyclic AMP (cAMP) in response to exogenous PTH in pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) and related diseases, we investigated 3 patients with parathyroid disorders before and after treatment with 1α-hydroxyvitamin D3 (1α-OH-D3). Low plasma 1,25(OH)2D before treatment increased after giving 1α-OH-D3 (0.1 μg/kg/day), where-as high plasma PTH measured by the C-terminal assay (C-PTH) decreased in all 3. No response in urinary cAMP was found before or after treatment in 2 patients with PHP type I, despite the fall of plasma C-PTH. However, in one patient with extremely high plasma C-PTH but normal N-PTH (measured by a homologous radioimmunoassay using 1–34 human PTH), urinary cAMP response to exogenous PTH was increased after treatment with 1α-OH-D3. We suggest that he had pseudopseudohypoparathyroidism (PPHP) with Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy and a partial deficiency of renal 1α-hydroxylase. In this patient secondary hyperparathyroidism is thought to be due to 1,25(OH)2D deficiency, and the decreased responsiveness to exogenous PTH before treatment due to excess PTH occupying renal receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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