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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 185-188 (Mar. 1995), p. 789-798 
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 330-332 (Feb. 2007), p. 313-316 
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The hydroxyapatite/collagen (HAp/Col) nanocomposite membrane was prepared fromthe HAp/Col nanocomposite fibers. The HAp/Col membrane crosslinked by a vacuum heatingshowed 14±2 (dry) and 1.0±0.1 (wet) MPa in tensile strengths that were enough strength to operatein both cell culture and surgical operations. Histological observation and total DNA amountanalysis demonstrated that human osteoblastic cells, MG63, derived from osteosarcoma on theHAp/Col membrane adhered and proliferated well as the same as those on tissue culture polystyrene(TCPS). Real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses indicated that alkaline phosphatase geneexpression on the HAp/Col membrane was 1.4 times greater than that on TCPS. These resultssuggested that the HAp/Col nanocomposite membrane can be utilized in bone tissue engineeringscaffold as well as bone filler
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advances in science and technology Vol. 49 (Oct. 2006), p. 1-8 
    ISSN: 1662-0356
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Technology
    Notes: Soft-nanotechnologies are based upon the synthesis technologies of nanomaterials andconstruction technologies of nanostructures by life forms. They are expected as new preparationmethods for biomaterials that could be recognized as regular extracellular matrices (ECM) in ourbody by cells. We applied the soft-nanotechnology to synthesis of artificial bones made of HAp andcollagen with bone-like nanostructure and examined their physical and biological properties. Thenanocomposite obtained indicates bone-like nanostructure. Computer simulation and FT-IRsuggested that the self-organization of HAp and collagen is based on chemical interaction betweencalcium ions on HAp surface and carboxy groups on collagen. After implantation in rats and dogs,the nanocomposites are resorbed by osteoclasts followed by osteogenesis; therefore, thenanocomposites are recognized as bone in the living body. Resorption rate can be controlled bycrosslinkage. We also prepared sponge-like elastic porous body by gel-lyophilization techniqueusing additional small amount of collagen solution. Bone tissue reactions of it are the same as thenanocomposites as prepared. The nanocomposites are now in clinical research in Japan to becommercialized in near future by Pentax Co
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 33-37 (Mar. 2008), p. 471-476 
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper describes phase field simulations of the rafting behavior of γ’ phase with asimple interfacial dislocation network model. The interfacial dislocation network model accounts forthe effect of the network on the lattice misfit between γ and γ’ phases and the subsequent raftingbehavior. The model is implemented into the phase field simulation to see the dependence of therafting behavior of γ’ phases on the interfacial dislocation network. Without the dislocation networkmodel, the amount of the rafting was negligibly small. On the other hand, with the dislocationnetwork model, the γ’ phases shows a large amount of rafting, which is in good agreement with theresults of the experimental observations. Therefore, the combination of the phase field method andthe simple interfacial dislocation network model developed in this work is appropriate for thesimulation of the rafting of γ’ phases
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Porous ceramics of hydroxyapatite was fabricated utilizing the crystal growth of thin icecolumns parallel to one another in gelatin gel containing hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. Theobtained ceramics possessed unidirectional pore channels with a porosity of around 75% andshowed compressive strength of up to 13.1 MPa. As control materials, porous hydroxyapatiteceramics with a directionless pore structure were also fabricated by isotropic freezing and comparedwith the unidirectional samples regarding compressive strength and tissue reaction in vivo.Although the porosity and pore size distribution were similar, the compressive strength and newbone formation ability of the unidirectional samples were significantly greater than those of therandom structured porous ceramics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advances in science and technology Vol. 49 (Oct. 2006), p. 258-262 
    ISSN: 1662-0356
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Technology
    Notes: In the treatment based on Guided Bone Regeneration method (GBR), membranes arenecessary to cover bone defects and prevent the invasion of surrounding soft tissues. In spite of thepotential usefulness of GBR method, no appropriate materials for the membrane have beendeveloped and this method is not utilized frequently in common clinical practice. Here wedeveloped materials such as a composite of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) and copolymer ofL-lactide, glycolide and ε-caplolactone (PLGC), and designed the novel GBR membranes with idealmechanical properties. The materials had good biocompatibility, and the membrane had sufficientstrength although their thickness was as thin as 200 μm. The membranes were applied to large bonedefects created in canine mandibular bones, and significant enhancement in bone regeneration wasdemonstrated
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 33-37 (Mar. 2008), p. 23-28 
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Dimple fracture tests are conducted under mode I and mixed mode lading conditions.Dimple fracture zone and shear-lip fracture zone are observed by scanning electron microscopeprecisely. It is found that crack growth direction is affected largely by the change of loadingcondition. It is also found that the differences of fracture pattern between mid-plane and at freesurface are very large. Void diameter and crack growth direction are measured. Numericalsimulation is conducted to simulate fracture tests in three-dimensional field. Gurson’s constitutiveequation is used and large deformation analyses are conducted. It is assumed that void nucleation iscontrolled by both plastic strain and stress. Numerical results are compared with those ofexperiments. It is found that results of numerical simulation agree well with those of experimentqualitatively
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 33-37 (Mar. 2008), p. 85-90 
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In the virtual crack closure method (VCCM), the energy release rate is computed based onthe results of finite element calculation, and the stress intensity factor (SIF) is computed from theenergy release rate. In this paper, the stress intensity factor of mixed-mode surface cracks under threepoint bending is studied by using the three dimensional modified virtual crack closure method(MVCCM). The modified virtual crack closure method is required to open one element face areawhose shape is arbitrary and finite element widths are unequal across the crack front. The effect of thedistance between the location of load and crack face, crack shape and crack depth to the stressintensity factor is also discussed, along with practical results and conclusions
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 33-37 (Mar. 2008), p. 133-138 
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Fatigue crack growth under mixed mode loading conditions is simulated using S-FEM. Byusing S-FEM technique, only local mesh should be re-meshed and it becomes easy to simulate crackgrowth. By combining with auto-meshing technique, local mesh is re-meshed automatically, andcurved crack path is modeled easily. Plural fatigue crack problem is solved by this technique. Fortwo parallel crack problem, criteria of crack coalescence are proposed. By simulating this problem byS-FEM, it is verified these criteria are conservative ones
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 33-37 (Mar. 2008), p. 351-356 
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The Mode I and Mode II dynamic fracture toughness (DFT) values, KId and KIId for highstrength steels 40Cr and 30CrMnSiNi2A were evaluated using a combined experimental-numericalmethod. The tests were performed on three point bend (3PB) and shear specimens with Hopkinsonpressure bar. The time of crack initiation was determined by a strain gauge. With the assistance of3-D transient finite element analysis, the temporal evolution of the dynamic stress intensity factorunder different loading rates was obtained, and the DFT was determined by the fracture initiationtime. In Mode I tests, a brittle transgranular fracture was found in 40Cr, while evidence for ductilefracture was observed on the failure surface of 30CrMnSiNi2A. In Mode II tests, both tensile cracksand adiabatic shear bands were found for the two steels. The effect of ligament size on fracturetoughness was discussed. The correlations of KId and KIId with loading rate were also investigated.The micromechanisms of loading rate effect on the DFT were discussed for both modes
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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