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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inhibition of denitrification by uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation (1978)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 17 (1978), S. 3039-3045 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00608a015
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Respiration-dependent proton translocation and the transport of nitrate and nitrite in Paracoccus denitrificans and other denitrifying bacteria (1978)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 17 (1978), S. 5014-5019 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00616a024
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The genetic element pSSVx of the extremely thermophilic crenarchaeon Sulfolobus is a hybrid between a plasmid and a virus (1999)
    Oxford BSL : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 34 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: A new Sulfolobus islandicus strain, REY15/4, harboured both a novel fusellovirus, SSV2, and a small plasmid, pSSVx. The plasmid spread in S. solfataricus P1 together with the virus after infection with either the supernatant of a culture of REY15/4 or purified virus. Spreading of the plasmid required co-transfection with either SSV2 or the related SSV1 as helpers. Virus purified from REY15/4 constituted a mixture of two sizes of particles, one with the dimensions of a normal fusellovirus and the other smaller. Cloned SSV2 produced only the larger particles and only SSV2 DNA, indicating that the smaller particles contained pSSVx packaged into capsids made up of SSV2 components. The 5.7 kb genome of pSSVx revealed regions of high sequence similarity to the cryptic Sulfolobales plasmids pRN1, pRN2 and pDL10. Thus, pSSVx belongs to the family of pRN plasmids that share a highly conserved region, which probably constitutes the minimal replicon. They also contain a variable region showing no sequence similarity. In pSSVx, this region contains three open reading frames (ORFs), two of which are juxtapositioned and show high sequence similarity to a tandem of ORFs in fusellovirus genomes. Neither pRN1 nor pRN2, which lack this tandem, spread in the presence of the fuselloviruses, which implies that the sequences of these ORFs enable pSSVx to use the packaging system of the viral helpers for spreading.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2958.1999.01573.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cloning, sequence analysis and overexpression of a Rhodothermus marinus gene encoding a thermostable thymidine kinase (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 179 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Thymidine kinase type II is an important part of the pyrimidine salvage pathway. The thymidine kinase gene from the thermophilic eubacterium Rhodothermus marinus was cloned, sequenced and overexpressed. The gene is 639 bp and encodes a protein of 213 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 23.6 kDa. It shows homology to other thymidine kinase proteins from eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms. The recombinant protein is inhibited by dNTPs but not by dNDPs. It is a tetramer in its native state. Its optimum temperature of activity is 65°C and it has a half life of 15 min at 90°C. This is the first thymidine kinase to be described from a thermophilic bacterium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1999.tb08743.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    First isolation of thermophilic aerobic non-sporulating heterotrophic bacteria from deep-sea hydrothermal vents (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 18 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract: Thermophilic aerobic non-sporulating heterotrophic bacteria were isolated for the first time from deep-sea hydrothermal vents. Samples were taken at Snakepit (Mid-Atlantic Ridge) and Guaymas Basin (Gulf of California). Isolates consisting of pleomorphic rods, single cells or pairs, formed filaments of variable length, and grew at 70°C or some up to 80°C. They were halotolerant and unable to grow anaerobically, except some strains in the presence of nitrate. A numerical classification based on phenotypic features was performed on the isolates, including three reference strains Rhodothermus marinus (R-10), Thermus aquaticus (YT-1) and Thermus scotoductus (X-1) and one yellow pigmented Thermus strain. Results from unweighted average linkage (UPGMA) clustering applied to a similarity matrix derived from the simple matching (SSM) coefficient showed the formation of five main clusters which were defined for at least 80% similarity, whereas only three isolates remained outside of the clusters. One reference strain (X-1) clustered with one isolate at a level of 83% and between 76–78% with other clusters. The other reference strains showed less than 55% similarity with the deep-sea isolates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1995.tb00174.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relationship between physical and chemical conditions and low microbial diversity in the Blue Lagoon geothermal lake in Iceland (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 19 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract: The Blue Lagoon in Iceland is a shallow geothermal lake with average temperatures of 37°C, pH 7.5 and about 2.5% salinity. It was formed in 1976 from the effluents of the Svartsengi geothermal power plant and is saturated with silica which constantly precipitates in the lake. It has been colonized by a few types of specialized microorganisms which seem to proliferate in this unusual ecosystem. The average bacterial colony count in the lake was 1.3 × 105 ml−1 on plate count agar made with 50% Blue Lagoon fluid but 2.6 × 106 ml−1 when determined with the MPN method. A total of 99 isolates were purified and characterized by 54 phenotypic tests and then grouped using Numerical Taxonomy. At similarity values of 80%, one major cluster was formed containing 85% of the isolates. Four representative strains from this cluster were further characterized and all shown to be Gram-negative, obligately aerobic, non-motile rods. They were oxidase positive, catalase negative and grew optimally at 45°C and in 3.5% NaCl with doubling time of about 80 min.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1996.tb00196.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermophilic denitrifying bacteria: A survey of hot springs in Southwestern Iceland (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology ecology 10 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6941
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Samples of water, sediment and bacterial mat from hot springs in Grændalur and Hveragerdi areas in southwestern Iceland were screened at 70°C and 80°C for thermophilic denitrifying bacteria by culturing in anaerobic media containing nitrate or N2O as the terminal oxidant. The springs ranged in temperature from 65–100°C and included both neutral (pH 7–8.5) and acidic (pH 2.5–4) types. Nitrate reducing bacteria (nitrate → nitrite) and denitrifiers (nitrate → N2) were found that grew at 70°C but not at 80°C in nutrient media at pH 8. Samples from neutral springs that were cultured at pH 8 failed to yield a chemolithotrophic, sulfur-oxidizing and nitrate-reducing bacterium, and samples from acidic springs that were cultured at pH 3.5 seemed entirely to lack dissimilatory, nitrate-utilizing bacteria. No sample yielded an organism capable of growth solely by N2O respiration. The denitrifiers appeared to be Bacillus. Two such Bacillus strains were examined in pure culture and found to exhibit the unusual denitrification phenotype described previously for the mesophile, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and one other strain of thermophilic Bacillus. The phenotype is characterized by the ability to grow by reduction of nitrate to N2 with N2O as an intermediate but a virtual inability to reduce N2O when N2O was the sole oxidant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6941.1992.tb00005.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermophilic denitrifying bacteria: A survey of hot springs in Southwestern Iceland (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 101 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Samples of water, sediment and bacterial mat from hot springs in Grændalur and Hveragerdi areas in southwestern Iceland were screened at 70°C and 80°C for thermophilic denitrifying bacteria by culturing in anaerobic media containing nitrate or N2O as the terminal oxidant. The s springs ranged in temperature from 65–100°C and included both neutral (pH 7–8.5) and acidic (pH 2.5–4) types. Nitrate reducing bacteria (nitrate → nitrite) and denitrifiers (nitrate → N2) were found that grew at 70°C but not at 80°C in nutrient media at pH 8. Samples from neutral springs that were cultured at pH 8 failed to yield a chemolithotrophic, sulfur-oxidizing and nitrate-reducing bacterium, and samples from acidic springs that were cultured at pH 3.5 seemed entirely to lack dissimilatory, nitrate-utilizing bacteria. No sample yielded an organism capable of growth solely by N2O respiration. The denitrifiers appeared to be Bacillus. Two such Bacillus strains were examined in pure culture and found to exhibit the unusual denitrification phenotype described previously for the mesophile, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and one other strain of thermophilic Bacillus. The phenotype is characterized by the ability to grow by reduction of nitrate to N2 with N2O as an intermediate but a virtual inability to reduce N2O when N2O was the sole oxidant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1992.tb05767.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic diversity analysis of Rhodothermus reflects geographical origin of the isolates (2000)
    Springer
    Extremophiles 4 (2000), S. 267-274 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-4909
    Keywords: Key words Multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MEE) ; Genetic diversity ; Geographic population ; 16S rRNA sequencing ; Rhodothermus marinus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The genetic diversity and relationships of 81 Rhodothermus isolates from different geothermal environments in Iceland were examined by analysis of electrophoretically demonstrable allelic variation of 13 genes encoding enzymes. All the enzymes were polymorphic. A total of 71 distinctive multilocus genotypes (electrophoretic types, ETs) were identified. The mean genetic diversity per locus (H t ) was 0.586. The relatively high genetic variance observed within Rhodothermus isolates from different locations is most likely the result of genetic changes occurring independently in the locations studied. A high G st value (0.284) indicates that a considerable part of the variance observed is due to differences between locations. Cluster analysis revealed two major groups of ET clusters diverging at a genetic distance of 0.75, reflecting strongly the geographic origin of isolates. Estimation of the association index (I A) indicates that Rhodothermus marinus is a clonal species in which recombination events occur rarely. Partial or whole sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes of Rhodothermus isolates grouping at genetic distance of 0.40 confirmed that all the isolates belonged to the species Rhodothermus marinus. The results of this study confirm that, despite phylogenetic and phenotypic similarity, genetic diversity within Rhodothermus marinus is quite high.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007920070012
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermostable xylanolytic enzymes from Rhodothermus marinus grown on xylan (1993)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 40 (1993), S. 63-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The thermophilic eubacterium Rhodothermus marinus was cultivated in a fermentor and studied with respect to activities of induced xylanolytic enzymes. Growth in the fermentor on xylan occurred with a maximum specific growth rate of 0.43 h−1 for a batch culture. The final cell concentration was 4 g cell dry weight (CDW)/l for cells grown on xylan compared to 2 g CDW/l for cells grown without xylan in the cultivation medium. At least two xylanolytic enzymes, endo-1,4-β-xylanase and xylan 1,4-β-xylosidase, were secreted into the culture medium when cells were cultivated on xylan. Of the three cellulolytic enzymes tested for activity, β-glucosidase activity was in the range of the xylanolytic enzyme activities whereas cellulose-1,4-β-cellobiosidase and cellulase activities were hardly detectable. The expression of endo-1,4-β-xylanase activities during cultivation indicates the existance of more than one xylanase in R. marinus. This is also observed in fractions from gel filtration. The xylanolytic enzymes are heat-stable. At 90°C and at pH 7.0 the half-life of the endo-1,4-β-xylanase was about 14 h and that of xylan 1,4-β-xylosidase was 45 min.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00170430
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