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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (34)
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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (34)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tunable wavelength filters with Bragg gratings in polymer waveguides (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 2543-2545 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Tunable wavelength filters are demonstrated based on the thermo-optic refractive index change of the polymer waveguide with Bragg reflection grating. For the low-loss waveguide operating around 1.55 μm, fluorinated polymers are incorporated. Bragg reflection gratings are fabricated using a phase mask and a high-index polymer. The Bragg reflector exhibits a narrow bandwidth of less than 1.0 nm, a crosstalk of −20 dB, an insertion loss of 3.2 dB, and a flat-top passband. The peak wavelength of Bragg reflection is shifted over 11 nm with a slight insertion loss change. The thermo-optic tuning efficiency is 22 nm/W and the peak shift is linearly proportional to the heating power. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.122527
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymeric wavelength filters with polymer gratings (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 1559-1561 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Wavelength filters with Bragg gratings are demonstrated based on low-loss polymer waveguides and high-refractive-index polymer gratings. Two kinds of fluorinated polymers, perfluorocyclobutane and fluorinated poly(arylene ethers) are used for the low-loss waveguide operating around the 1.55 μm wavelength. The polymer grating is made of Resole, and it is successfully integrated in the polymer waveguides. In order to fabricate the Bragg gratings on the polymer waveguides, we use a phase mask and a Hg lamp in a mask aligner as the illuminating source instead of the laser. This method provides uniform gratings on a large area as well as the alignment capability. In the fabricated wavelength filters, the reflectivity at the Bragg wavelength is 30 dB, the 3 dB bandwidth is as narrow as 0.6 nm, and the insertion loss is 3.7 dB. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.121114
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical Properties of Er-Doped Al2O3–SiO2 Films Prepared by a Modified Sol–Gel Process (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 88 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Er-doped Al2O3–SiO2 (1/9 in mol ratio of Al2O3/SiO2) thin films were prepared by using a modified sol–gel process. The modified process entails the precipitation and digestion of Er(OH)3, obtained from the reaction between Er ions and NH4OH in solution. Thin films were deposited on Si wafers by using a spin coating technique (3000 rpm) and the coated films were heat treated at different temperatures for 1 h in an oxygen-purged furnace. All the films were structurally characterized by the X-ray diffraction technique using CuKα radiation. Refractive indices and the morphologies of the films were studied using a spectroscopic phase modulated ellipsometer and atomic force microscopy, respectively. It was observed that the films were crack free and of about 0.4 μm thickness in a single spin coating and both the lifetime and the photoluminescence intensity of Er ions increased with increasing the annealing temperature. The luminescence properties of the Er-doped Al2O3–SiO2 made by a conventional and our modified doping process were compared and discussed from the stand point of peak intensities and lifetimes as a function of annealing temperatures. It is to be noted here that our modified process was found to be more effective in reducing the clustering of Er ions in Al2O3–SiO2 materials as compared to that of the conventional method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2005.00454.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of the Weak Absorption Tail on the Transmission Loss of Ge–Sb–Se Optical Fibers (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 88 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Selenide glass optical fibers were fabricated for Ge30Sb10Se58S2 and Ge20Sb10Se70 glasses. Their transmission loss has been measured and compared with the theoretical attenuation loss that was calculated taking into account the electronic transition absorption, Rayleigh scattering, and multiphonon absorption. A low attenuation loss of the Ge20Sb10Se70 glass composition in 1.2–1.7 μm range has been expected due to its high optical band gap energy compared with the Ge30Sb10Se58S2 glass. However, the measured attenuation loss of the Ge30Sb10Se58S2 glass fiber was ∼13 dB/m at 1.5 μm while Ge20Sb10Se70 glass showed ∼82 dB/m. An enhanced weak absorption tail due to the localized states of the Ge20Sb10Se70 glass was responsible for this behavior. Structural defects are related to the localized states and discussed for the present glass compositions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2005.00300.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanical Properties of Tape-Cast Alumina-Glass Dental Composites (1999)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 82 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Alumina-glass dental composites were prepared by tape casting and sintering at 1120°C, followed by glass infiltration at 1100°C. Flexural strength and fracture toughness of the composites were investigated in terms of the influence of tape constituents, namely, alumina powder, binder, and plasticizer, on the mechanical properties. Both strength and toughness increased with increasing alumina fraction in tapes and decreased with increasing binder content in binder/plasticizer mixtures. These observations were consistent with the influence of the constituents on mean alumina particle distance in tapes, suggesting that the high strength of glass-infiltrated alumina composites is related to toughening by crack bowing. The strength and fracture toughness of the tape-cast composites, optimized for forming dental crowns, were 508 MPa and 3.1 MPa·m1/2, respectively, obtained from biaxial tests. Shrinkage of the composites decreased with increasing thermocompression pressure, applied to the tapes prior to sintering, and heating rate to the sintering temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.1999.tb02219.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of Bone Formation in Rabbits Using Hydroxyapatite and β-Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffolds Fabricated From Egg Shells (2008)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Advanced materials research Vol. 47-50 (June 2008), p. 999-1002 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-8985
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/41/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FAMR.47-50.999.pdf
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adhesion Characteristics of Base-Coated Single Crystal Brackets for Orthodontics (2008)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 396-398 (Oct. 2008), p. 137-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Adhesion characteristics of base-coated single crystal brackets for orthodontics were investigated to evaluate the feasibility for the ceramic bracket applications. Sapphire single crystal ingot were machined, abraded and spray-coated with slurries containing 50 wt% of flux and 40µm, 80µm and 150µm of granules. Maximum adhesion to the base surface of the brackets was observed when the size of granule in the slurries was 80µm. It may be due to higher bonding area of adhesive to granule and to base as a result of interlocking structure which has moderate thickness and uniform distribution of granules. The one-way analysis of variance indicated that there were not significant differences in bond strength measurements between the once and twice coating condition in 80µm and 150µm granule groups. But ARI values exhibited large differences between once and twice coating groups and showed different median or ranges. Adhesive remnant of adhesive resin was minimized when the slurry of 80µm granule was coated once. Reduction in adhesive remnant is likely due to the higher bonding of adhesive resin to granules. No teeth and bracket damages were found in any teeth de-bonded by shear force. The base-coated brackets with higher strength (12.9 MPa) and no adhesive remnant were newly proposed for the orthodontics applications
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/57/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.396-398.137.pdf
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of Two-Step Sintering Variables on Phase Stability of Hydrothermally Prepared HAp Nano Powders (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 361-363 (Nov. 2007), p. 91-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Two-step sintering was performed to prepare hydroxyapatite (HAp) with a high densityand a fine microstructure utilizing hydrothermally synthesized nano powders. Its effectiveness wasdependent on starting chemicals for precursors of HAp, powder processing condition, initialtemperature in the two-step sintering, heating rate to the initial temperature, and holding time atfinal temperature. HAp powder, hydrothermally treated after aging of precipitate of Ca(OH)2 andH3PO4 for 48 h, led to HAp having a high phase stability at elevated temperatures, a high density,and a fine microstructure after two-step sintering with heating rate of 10°C/min to 1275°C
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/55/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.361-363.91.pdf
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In Vitro Bond Strength of Based-Coated Zirconia Brackets for Orthodontics (2007)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 361-363 (Nov. 2007), p. 857-860 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: In Vitro Bond strength of base-coated (Y, Fe)-TZPs (yttria and iron co-doped tetragonalzirconia polycrystals) were investigated to evaluate the feasibility for the ceramic bracket applications.Pre-sintered (Y,Fe)-TZP brackets were machined, abraded and spray-coated with granule slurriescontaining 10~50 wt% of flux. Better adhesion to the base surface of the brackets was observed byraising the amount of flux in the slurries. It may be because of the fusion and the collapse of thegranules as a result of the high amount of flux. The one-way analysis of variance indicated that therewere significant differences in bond strength measurements between the experimental groups except30% and 50% flux content groups. The Weibull distribution revealed that 50% flux content group isthe best with a high characteristic strength value. Mean ARI values exhibited large differences andranged from 1.6 for 50% flux content group to 3.0 for non-coated group. Adhesive remnant ofadhesive resin was decreased by increasing the flux up to 50%. Reduction in adhesive remnant islikely due to the higher bonding of adhesive resin to granules. No teeth and bracket damages werefound in any teeth de-bonded by shear force. The base-coated brackets with higher strength (11.5MPa) and no adhesive remnant were newly proposed for the orthodontics applications
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/56/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.361-363.857.pdf
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spectroscopic Analysis of Plasma Induced in Laser Welding of Aluminum Alloys (2004)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Materials science forum Vol. 449-452 (Mar. 2004), p. 429-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 1662-9752
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: This paper describes the features and characteristics of plasma induced in the pulsed YAG laser welding of Al-Mg alloys in air and argon atmospheres. In the air environment, the identified spectra are atomic lines of Al, Mg, Cr, Mn, Fe and Zn, and singly ionized Mg line, as well as strong molecular spectrum of AlO, MgO and AlH. It has been confirmed that the resonant lines of Al and Mg were strongly self-absorbed. These facts have shown that the laser-induced plasma is relatively a low temperature and high density metallic vapor. The intensities of molecular spectra ofAlO and MgO are different each other depending on the power density of laser beam. Under the low power density irradiation condition, the MgO band spectrum is predominant in intensity, while the AlO spectrum became much stronger with the increase in high power density. This was attributed by the great difference in boiling point and vaporization energy of Al and Mg. In argon atmosphere the band spectra of MgO and AlO completely vanished, but AlH molecular spectra is detected clearly. The hydrogen source is presumably the hydrogen solved in the base metal,absorbed water on the surface oxide layer, or H〈sub〉2〈/sub〉 and H〈sub〉2〈/sub〉O in the shielding gas
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/02/08/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FMSF.449-452.429.pdf
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