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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (74)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Key words: Beta-endorphin – Cerebrospinal fluid – Nucleus tractus solitarius – Sudden infant death
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. In nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) beta-endorphin (BEND) induces bradycardia and respiratory depression which have been reported to precede death in sudden infant death (SID). Of SID victims, 50% have elevated levels of beta-endorphin immunoreactivity (BENDI) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and 50% had undetectable levels. We therefore investigated the relationship of BENDI in the CSF to BENDI levels in the NTS area. This study included SID victims (CSF from n=47, brain stem from n=16), borderline SID victims (CSF and brain stem from n=2), sudden death in childhood (CSF and brain stem from n=1), and controls (CSF from n=32, brain stem from n=11). BEND in CSF and NTS area, after extraction, was measured by radioimmunoassay. High performance liquid chromatography was used for closer identification of BENDI. We found that the SID victims divided into two subpopulations, one having a relatively high BENDI level in CSF and one having no detectable level (P〈0.01). Furthermore, an inverse relationship was found between BENDI level in CSF and BENDI level in NTS area in the SID victims (P〈0.05). We conclude that increased BENDI level in CSF is associated with low BENDI level in the NTS area in 50% of SID victims. The low BENDI level in the NTS area may be due to increased release of BEND.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Beta-endorphin ; Hypoxanthine ; Hypoxia ; SID
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Beta-endorphin (BEND) may induce respiratory depression. Elevated levels of beta-endorphin immunoreactivity (BENDI) in the CSF are found in children with apnoea and in about 50% of sudden infant death (SID) victims. Premortal hypoxia in SID victims has been indicated by elevated hypoxanthine (HX) levels in the vitreous humour (VH). In this study we correlated BENDI in CSF with HX in VH in SID victims (n=19) and controls (n=18). BEND in CSF was measured by RIA, and HPLC was used for identification of BENDI. HX in VH was measured by HPLC. All the SID victims had elevated levels of HX in VH. The BENDI in CSF divided the SID victims into two subpopulations (P〈0.01); one with undetectable levels (〈4.3 fmol/ml) (n=10) and one with high levels (160–400 fmol/ml) (n=9).In the SID subpopulation with high levels of BENDI in CSF,we found a correlation between BENDI in CSF and HX in VH (r=0.92). Control infants who died a stressful death, such as during heart operations (n=2), had high levels of BENDI in CSF and low levels of HX in VH. Controls who died of infections (n=11) had low levels of BENDI in CSF and elevated levels of HX in VH. Because hypoxia in itself does not increase BENDI in CSF, increased BENDI in CSF is probably not secondary to hypoxia but may be of aetiological significance. We therefore suggest that SID victims with high levels of BENDI in CSF, which correlate with the elevated levels of HX in VH, may die from premortal hypoxia possibly induced by BEND.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 146 (1987), S. 1493-1501 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Keywords: Nuclear reactions
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 65 (1989), S. 3914-3918 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Carbon films have been deposited by rf plasma decomposition of methane at 50–1400 V negative bias and 1.3×10−3–1.3×10−1 mbar pressure. Hardness, internal stress, density, hydrogen content, and infrared absorption depending on the preparation parameters have been measured. From the IR measurements the ratio of sp3 to sp2 bonds was calculated and the total amount of hydrogen in the films was determined by elastic recoil detection (0.5〉H/C〉0.15). We found in the range of bias voltages 0〈||−VB ||〈100 V polymerlike films, in the range 100 V〈||−VB ||〈600 V diamondlike hard carbon films with high internal stress, and in the range 600〈||−VB ||〈1400 V graphitelike soft films with low stress. The density of the diamondlike films was about 2 g/cm3 and of the graphitelike films about 1.4 g/cm3. The microhardness seems to be correlated to the internal mechanical stress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 21 (1973), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— The formation of N-acetyl-aspartyl-peptides in mouse brain homogenates is described. The formation is completely dependent on histamine and on an ATP-regenerating system, and partially dependent on the addition of N-acetyl-aspartate and certain other amino acids. The N-acetyl-aspartyl-peptide formation is probably non-ribosomal and is apparently not due to hydrolysis of preformed proteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 19 (1972), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— The isolation of a perchloric acid-soluble low molecular weight protein from brain of Macaca irus is reported. Sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and gel isoelectric focusing indicate that the protein is free of impurities. The molecular weight, as determined by gel filtration and sodium dodecyl sulphate gel electrophoresis, is shown to be 10,400 and 9900, respectively. This is in agreement with the value of 10,700 obtained from amino acid analysis. The protein contains 27 per cent acid amino acids and 15 per cent basic amino acids. However, the relatively high amide content gives the protein a neutral nature as shown by isoelectric point determination using gel isoelectric focusing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 18 (1971), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The isolation of two acid-soluble proteins from Macaca irus brain is reported. The proteins contained 34 and 35.6 per cent polar amino acids, respectively. One protein had a mol. wt. of approx. 37,100 and the other of 23,000 with subunits of 11,500. Each protein contained 4′-phosphopantetheine, which was hydrolytically determined as taurine and β-alanine and microbiologically as pantothenate. The smaller protein is found to be present in the supernatant following homogenization both in 0-32 M-sucrose and in 0-32 M-sucrose with 40 mm-NaCl. The larger protein is also mainly present in the supernatant fluid. The function of these proteins is unknown, but the mol. wt. 23,000 species could be acetylated from glucose and acetate in mouse brain tissue slices and the acetyl groups could be isolated as the hydroxamate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 17 (1970), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract— The isolation and identification of the following gamma-glutamyl peptides from the brain of Macaca irus and Cercopithecus ethiops is reported: glutamyl-glutamine, glutamyl-glycine, glutamyl-alanine, glutamyl-valine, glutamyl-isoleucine, glutamyl-glutamate, glutamyl-serine and glutamyl-alanyl-glycine.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 18 (1971), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The effect of some biogenic amines and amino acids on the level of N-acetyl-asparticacid and N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamic acid has been investigated in mouse brain tissue slices. The amines all caused a significant decrease in the levels of N-acetyl-aspartic acid and N-acetytl-aspartyl-glutamic acid within 5 min of incubation, while the amino acids, in spite of being possible transmitter candidates, had no such effect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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