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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 24 (1959), S. 291-293 
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 152 (1993), S. 26-32 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Neutrophils ; Intracellular free calcium ; Fura-2 ; Integrins ; Phagocytosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To study the role of cytosolic free calcium, [Ca2+]i, in cell activation, in particular during adhesion and movement on a surface in response to chemotactic peptide stimulation and during phagocytosis, we monitored [Ca2+]i in single human neutrophils. The neutrophils were loaded with fura-2 and allowed to adhere to albumin-coated glass coverslips. [Ca2+]i was monitored with a dual excitation microfluorimeter. Half of the cells showed spontaneous [Ca2+]i transients that lasted up to 15 min with an amplitude averaging 77±10 nM above basal levels (mean basal value of 110±20 nM) and a mean duration of 28±5 s. These repetitive [Ca2+]i elevations depended on the continuous presence of extracellular Ca2+ and could be dissociated from those triggered by the chemotactic peptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucylphenylalanine (fMLP). Cell morphology was monitored in parallel by recording fluorescent images with a high sensitivity charge coupled device (CCD) camera. The majority of the cells studied showed visible changes in shape which started either before or at the same time as the onset of the [Ca2+]i transients. Removal of extracellular Ca2+ abolished [Ca2+]i transients without impairing cell movement and spreading. Blockade of adherence and cell movement with cytochalasin B markedly inhibited [Ca2+]i transients. Monoclonal antibodies directed against the leucocyte integrin CR3 (CD11b/CD18 αmβ2) blocked adherence, spreading and most of the [Ca2+]i activity. Total [Ca2+]i activity was assessed during phagocytosis of C3bi-opsonized yeast particles and correlated with fusion of secondary granules with the phagosomal membrane (P-L fusion). In Ca2+-containing medium, upon contact with a yeast particle, a rapid rise in [Ca2+]i was observed, followed by one or more Ca2+ peaks. P-L fusion was detected in 80% of the cells after 5–10 min. Increasing the cytosolic Ca2+ buffering capacity by loading the cells with MAPT/AM led to a dose-dependent inhibition both of [Ca2+]i elevations and P-L fusion. Under conditions where basal [Ca2+]i was reduced to 〈20 nM and intracellular Ca2+ stores were depleted, P-L fusion was drastically inhibited while the cells ingested yeast particles normally. Taken together these results indicate that: 1. The action of leucocyte integrins is necessary for the generation of the multiple [Ca2+]i transient observed in surface adherent human neutrophils. These [Ca2+]i transients do not preclude and can be dissociated from the response to fMLP and they prime the cell to subsequent stimulation. 2. Although the ingestion step of phagocytosis is a Ca2+-independent event, [Ca2+]i transients triggered upon contact with opsonized particles are necessary to control the subsequent fusion of granules with the phagosomal membrane. 3. Studies at a single cell level will be necessary to detect subtle deficiencies in intracellular mediators during human diseases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Ependymoma ; interstitial irradiation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In this case report a patient with a large intraventricular benign ependymoma is presented. The tumour was treated with stereotactically implanted Iodine-125 seeds and interstitial irradiation. Extension (diameter: 6.5 cm) and volume (112.5 ml) of the lesion caused the application of an unusually low dose (tumour surface dose: 40 Gy). The tumour shrank significantly within a few weeks. Follow-up at nearly 5 years shows the patient to be tumour free.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A new method for the direct transformation not only of a target point, but also of the whole tumour outlines from sagittal, coronal, and oblique computer calculated CT-reconstructions to stereotactic X-ray films of any scale is presented. The role of this method in the stereotactic therapy of intracranial tumours and the possibilities which are thus provided are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Stereotactic irradiation ; convergent beam irradiation ; linear accelerator ; radiosurgery ; brain tumours
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A stereotactic convergent beam irradiation technique using a linear accelerator has been developed in order to precisely apply single high doses of up to 50 gray and more to brain lesions (radiosurgery). Accurate positioning of the patient and the target point of irradiation is an absolute requirement for this method. The stereotactic localization system developed for this purpose is described.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Tissue ablation ; laser/tissue interaction ; shortpulsed lasers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The basis for most laser applications in neurosurgery is the conversion of laser light into heat when the incident laser beam is absorbed by the tissue. Irradiation of neural tissue with laser light therefore leads to its thermal damage. However, due to the diffusion of heat energy into the surrounding tissue, often there is thermal damage to neural tissue outside the area of the target volume. These are the characteristics of thermal laser/tissue interaction. In this paper we discuss how we used three different short-pulsed lasers to achieve non-thermal ablation of neural tissue. Three different short-pulsed lasers were used to generate ultrashort laser pulses in the picosecond to femtosecond range. The interaction of such laser pulses with tissue was predicted to be nonthermal. The short-pulsed lasers were used for the ablation of neural tissue using an in vitro calf brain model. The histopathological examination of the lesions revealed that the neural tissue had been removed very precisely without any sign of thermal damage to the surrounding tissue.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary For stereotactic biopsy, intracavitary and interstitial irradiation of intracranial tumours, stereotactic CT investigations are of utmost importance. Targetpoints within a tumour as well as the tumour-outlines have to be transferred precisely from transverse and longitudinal CT sections to stereotactic X-ray images. For this purpose, the stereotactic apparatus of Riechert and Mundinger has been equipped with a fixation system of carbon fibre and a measuring phantoma of plexiglass with embedded steel wires allowing stereotactic CT scanning without artefacts. The stereotactic coordinates (x, y, z) of any target point can be taken directly from transverse CT images with high accuracy. The tumour outlines can be transferred to the stereotactic coordinate system from longitudinal CT reconstructions using special computer programmes. Precise transfer is possible if the CT investigation is performed stereotactically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 125 (1993), S. 142-149 
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Stereotactic technique ; CT-guided stereotaxy ; computer-assisted treatment planning ; histological diagnosis ; brain neoplasms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary On the base of a stereotactic device originally described by Riechert and Mundinger a three-dimensional localization and treatment planning system for CT-guided computer assisted stereotactic procedures has been developed. The experience with 338 patients, in which image guided stereotaxy has been used for the assessment of various intracerebral lesions, is presented. In 54 of these patients the cannula was introduced with a 20 MHz Doppler-probe positioned at the tip of the needle. A comparison of tissue specimens taken stereotactically with tissue material after tumour resection and/or autopsy was performed in 35 patients. The accuracy of the histological diagnosis was 88%. Bleeding as a complication due to the stereotactic intervention occurred in 8 patients (2.4%). Two of these patients had a fatal outcome (mortality: 0.6%). The morbidity (transient and permanent deterioration of the clinical status) was 1.2%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 805 (1996), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 201 (1980), S. 678-682 
    ISSN: 0003-9861
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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