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Enhanced coalescence upon laser desorption of fullerene oxides (1994)

Beck, Rainer D. ; Stoermer, Carsten ; Schulz, Christof ; [et al.]

College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)

The Journal of Chemical Physics 101 (1994), S. 3243-3249

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ISSN: 1089-7690

Source: AIP Digital Archive

Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: C60Ox, x=1–3 were prepared by exposing C60 solutions to ozone. After high performance liquid chromatography purification, these materials were studied by laser desorption time of flight mass spectroscopy. These mass spectra suggest that fullerene oxides undergo laser desorption induced coalescence more efficiently than pure C60. A correlation between the fragmentation of the desorbed parent species and the observed coalescence products both in yield and distribution suggests that efficient gas phase coalescence involves at least one reactive species, such as C58, produced by fragmentation of the desorbed fullerenes or fullerene derivatives.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.467571

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Evolutionary dynamics in the voting game (1995)

Sieg, Gernot ; Schulz, Christof

Springer

Public choice 85 (1995), S. 157-172

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ISSN: 1573-7101

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Economics

Notes: Abstract Voter participation is immense but theoretically doubtful because there exists cost of voting and the probability of casting the deciding ballot is low. Game theoretic models (Palfrey and Rosenthal, 1985) confirm this paradox of voting. Individual optimization in the voting game is problematic with respect to the rationality and information requirements of traditional game theory. Therefore in this paper a non-optimizing but learning individual is considered. By individual learning the adjustment processes and equilibria of voter turnout are determined. Voters are able to learn to participate and substantial voter turnout is possible.