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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 149 (1990), S. 237-240 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Congenital adrenal hyperplasia ; 21-Hydroxylase deficiency ; Prenatal diagnosis and treatment ; Dexamethasone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A mother at risk for 21-hydroxylase deficiency was treated with oral dexamethasone (0.5 mg 12 hourly) from early pregnancy, in an attempt to prevent in utero virilization in case of a female fetus. Fetal karyotype was 46,XX, and because of a possible intra HLA recombination, treatment was continued to term. The newborn had a modest virilization and hormonal studies confirmed the diagnosis of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH). This observation and review of the literature suggest that efficient prenatal treatment of CAH requires a higher and more frequent dosage of dexamethasone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 29 (1985), S. 181-185 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: althesin ; steroid binding globulins ; drug interaction ; steroid anaesthetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The binding affinities of two steroid anaesthetics, alphaxalone (Alfx) and alphadolone acetate (Alfd), for testosterone-oestradiol-binding globulin (TeBG) and corticosteroid-binding globulin (CBG) were measured in human serum. In 8 male patients, the effect of i.v. administration of Althesin (a mixture of Alfx and Alfd) on the transport of testosterone (T) and cortisol (F) was studied. Both Alfx and Alfd bind to TeBG and CBG with a relatively high affinity (106M−1). A significant change in the percentage of unbound T was observed during Althesin infusion, with no change in total T concentration or in the TeBG binding parameters. The results suggest that by interaction with TeBG binding sites Alfx and/or Alfd displaced T bound to TeBG, and transiently increased the percentage of unbound T. A significant increase in the concentration of F was observed during althesin infusion, while the percentage of unbound F and the CBG binding parameters were unchanged. The dose of Alfx and Alfd used was not sufficient to alter the transport of F during brief althesin anaesthesia in men.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 7 (1995), S. 2956-2971 
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: For either inviscid or viscous jets, Rayleigh proved cylindrical jets are linearly unstable due to surface tension of the interface, with instability precisely in all wavelengths greater than the jet circumference. As an alternative to linearized analysis, many past and present studies of surface tension-driven jet breakup are based on slender asymptotic 1-D models; here we clarify two issues regarding this approach. First, self-consistent, leading-order models of inviscid or viscous slender jets do not have a finite instability cutoff. Indeed, the inviscid 1-D equations exhibit unbounded exponential growth in the small scale limit, while the viscous counterparts bound the growth rate but remain unstable in all wavelengths. Second, one can recover a finite instability cutoff by extending the asymptotic analysis to higher order. The linearized growth rate corrections at each finite order arise as algebraic approximations to Rayleigh's exact exponential rate. We explicitly match, at leading and subsequent order, the slender longwave expansion of the exact results with the linearized behavior of 1-D slender asymptotic equations. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 538 (1988), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of nonlinear science 3 (1993), S. 393-426 
    ISSN: 1432-1467
    Keywords: nearly integrable PDE ; nonlinear modes ; modulation equations ; numerical simulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Summary The purpose of this paper is the derivation of reduced, finite-dimensional dynamical systems that govern the near-integrable modulations ofN-phase, spatially periodic, integrable wavetrains. The small parameter in this perturbation theory is the size of the nonintegrable perturbation in the equation, rather than the amplitude of the solution, which is arbitrary. Therefore, these reduced equations locally approximate strongly nonlinear behavior of the nearly integrable PDE. The derivation we present relies heavily on the integrability of the underlying PDE and applies, in general, to anyN-phase periodic wavetrain. For specific applications, however, a numerical pretest is applied to fix the truncation orderN. We present one example of the reduction philosophy with the damped, driven sine-Gordon system and summarize our present progress toward application of the modulation equations to this numerical study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of nonlinear science 8 (1998), S. 43-62 
    ISSN: 1432-1467
    Keywords: Key words. nonlinear dispersive fibers, nonsoliton pulses, onset of oscillations, hyperbolic shocks
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Summary. We study the modulation equations for the amplitude and phase of smoothed rectangular pulse initial data for the defocusing nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS) equation in the semiclassical limit, and show that these equations exhibit shock formation. In this way we identify and explain one source for the onset of pulse oscillations in nonlinear fibers whose transmission is modeled by the semiclassical NLS equation. The onset of pulse ripples predicted here develops on the leading and trailing slopes of a smooth pulse, as a consequence of shock formation in the modulation equations. This mechanism for the onset of pulse ripples is distinct, both in the location and timescale, from the scenario pursued by Kodama and Wabnitz [11]: A piecewise linear pulse evolves for distances O(1) down the fiber, beyond which oscillations develop associated with the vanishing of the upper step of the pulse [10]. Here we show that the scenario in [11] is correct, but specific to pure rectangular pulses ; any smoothing of this data fails to obey their scenario, but rather is described by the results presented here. That is, the semiclassical limit of the NLS equation is highly unstable with respect to smooth regularizations of rectangular data. In our analysis, the onset of oscillations is associated with the location of the maximum gradient of the pulse slopes, and onset occurs on the pulse slopes, at short distances down the fiber proportional to the inverse of this maximum gradient. Explicit upper and lower bounds on the initial shock location are derived. We thereby deduce the onset for this source of pulse degradation scales linearly with the pulse width, and scales with the reciprocal square root of the fiber nonlinear coefficient, the pulse power, and the fiber dispersion coefficient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of nonlinear science 10 (2000), S. 291-331 
    ISSN: 1432-1467
    Keywords: Key words. Defocusing instabilities, homoclinic orbits, coupling instabilities, integrable pdes, birefringent fibers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: nonfocusing instabilities that exist independently of the well-known modulational instability of the focusing NLS equation. The focusing versus defocusing behavior of scalar NLS fields is a well-known model for the corresponding behavior of pulse transmission in optical fibers in the anomalous (focusing) versus normal (defocusing) dispersion regime [19], [20]. For fibers with birefringence (induced by an asymmetry in the cross section), the scalar NLS fields for two orthogonal polarization modes couple nonlinearly [26]. Experiments by Rothenberg [32], [33] have demonstrated a new type of modulational instability in a birefringent normal dispersion fiber, and he proposes this cross-phase coupling instability as a mechanism for the generation of ultrafast, terahertz optical oscillations. In this paper the nonfocusing plane wave instability in an integrable coupled nonlinear Schrödinger (CNLS) partial differential equation system is contrasted with the focusing instability from two perspectives: traditional linearized stability analysis and integrable methods based on periodic inverse spectral theory. The latter approach is a crucial first step toward a nonlinear , nonlocal understanding of this new optical instability analogous to that developed for the focusing modulational instability of the sine-Gordon equations by Ercolani, Forest, and McLaughlin [13], [14], [15], [17] and the scalar NLS equation by Tracy, Chen, and Lee [36], [37], Forest and Lee [18], and McLaughlin, Li, and Overman [23], [24].
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 235 (1984), S. 159-169 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Anterior pituitary ; Gonadotropic cells ; Immunocytochemistry ; Testosterone binding ; Cryo-ultramicrotomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Several attempts have been made to localize steroids by means of immunocytological techniques. However, these methods were found inadequate for detecting steroids bound to their receptors. To localize endogenous testosterone (T) in its target cells at the ultrastructural level, an immunocytological technique was performed on ultrathin sections obtained by cryo-ultramicrotomy. T was detected in the pituitary glands obtained from intact male or female rats and castrated rats, but not in castrated + adrenalectomized rats. Animals were also injected either with testosterone, with other steroids (estradiol, progesterone, corticosterone) or with an androgen antagonist (cyproterone acetate). In addition, some ultrathin sections were preincubated either with phosphate buffers of various pH, corticosterone, cyproterone acetate solution, or with T solution. The content of T in the pituitary before and after fixation was measured by radioimmunoassay; it decreased after fixation. T immunoreactivity was localized in the gonadotropic cells only, both in the male and female rats. At the subcellular level, the immunoreactivity was detected in the cytoplasmic matrix and in the nucleus. Immunoreactive T disappeared 1) in rats after castration+adrenalectomy; by means of radioimmunoassay no T was measured in these pituitary glands; 2) in rats injected with 25 (μg/rat of cyproterone acetate; 3) after preincubation of pituitary sections on a drop of cyproterone acetate (1 × 10-6 M). The immunocytological reaction was not modified when the rats were injected with estradiol, progesterone or corticosterone (1 mg/rat), or after preincubation of the sections with corticosterone (1 × 10-3 M), or a buffer solution at pH 7.6. Lower or higher pH values led to a strong decrease in the immunoreactivity. After injection of T (15 μg/rat) the immunocytological reaction was more abundant in the nucleus and less in the cytoplasm. The immunoreactivity was again observed when the sections were preincubated with cyproterone acetate solution and then with T solution. These data suggest that T can be detected by means of immunocytochemistry. It is probably bound to a specific binding site.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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