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  • 1
    ISSN: 1520-510X
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Key words: TIMP-1 — MMP-1 — Indomethacin — Diclofenac
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Objective and Design: We investigated the influence of cyclooxygenase inhibitors against the production of tissue inhibitor-1 of metalloproteinases (TIMP-1) and pro-matrix metalloproteinase 1 (proMMP-1) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synoviocytes.¶Material: Synovial fibroblasts from RA patients were used.¶Treatment: The cells were treated with recombinant human interleukin 1β (rhIL-1β) (100 ng/ml) and/or indomethacin (0.1, 1, 10 μM) and diclofenac (0.1, 1, 10 μM) and/or prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) (1, 10 μM) for 72 h.¶Methods: The amounts of TIMP-1, proMMP-1 and PGE2 was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Statistical significance was tested with Student's t-test and Dunnett test.¶Results: RhIL-1β augments the production of TIMP-1 and proMMP-1 in synovial fibroblasts from RA patients, and this IL-1-induced production of TIMP-1 and proMMP-1 was further enhanced by treatment with the cyclooxygenase inhibitors, indomethacin and diclofenac. Exogenous PGE2 significantly suppresses indomethacin- and diclofenac-enhanced TIMP-1 and proMMP-1 production.¶Conclusion: PGE2 down-regulates the production of TIMP-1 and proMMP-1 in RA synoviocytes, and cyclooxygenase inhibitors regulate the production of TIMP-1 and proMMP-1 through the inhibition of PGE2 production in inflammation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: Factor XIII ; Wound healing ; Liver injury
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An involvement of blood coagulation factor XIII (FXIII) in healing of burns was examined in rats with the carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic injury. The oral administration of 2 and 4 ml/kg CCl4 to rats every 4 days delayed healing of the burns induced on the back skin and decreased FXIII activity. These animals showed some hepatotoxic signs (increased glutamicoxaloacetic and glutamic-pyruvic transaminases) and accelerated blood coagulation system (increased fibrinopeptide A and fibrin degradation product). The delay in the burn healing was shortened by repeated intravenous injections with normal human placenta-derived FXIII concentrate (Fibrogammin P; 120 U/body) every 4 days. There was a negative correlation between plasma FXIII activity at the end of experiment and the time required for wound healing. These findings suggest that reduction in FXIII activity may be one of the factors inducing delayed wound healing in the CCl4-induced hepatic injury rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 46 (1999), S. 208-218 
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Key words:Melipona panamica, stingless bees, Apidae, nestmate recognition, worker oviposition.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary: Nestmate recognition was studied in the Neotropical stingless bee Melipona panamica, a species in which workers “sneak” their own reproductive eggs into 1 % of brood cells. We manipulated four factors that could influence individual recognition cues: the mother queen, the environment during the immature stage, the environment during the early adult stage, and worker age. We also simulated the action of natural enemies on colonies tested for discrimination of such worker characteristics. All factors that we tested affected responses of the discriminating workers, which could recognize sisters, nieces and unrelated workers. Previous exposure of unrelated callow bees to the odor of the host nest greatly increased chances of acceptance by the host colony. Probability of acceptance decreased, however, with increasing age of introduced bees or increasing disturbance of the host colony. These complexities in patterns of nestmate recognition and nest defense are adequately explained from the standpoint of inclusive fitness of the discriminating workers. Differences in nestmate recognition and worker egg laying among Meliponini are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Keywords: NG-nitro-L-arginine-methyl-ester (L-NAME) ; NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA) ; N-iminoethyl-L-ornithine (L-NIO) ; Septic shock ; Survival
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To examine the effects of three nitric oxide synthase inhibitors on survival in a murine sepsis model.Design: Prospective randomized experimental trials.Setting: Laboratory.Subjects: Female Balb/c mice.Interventions:Escherichia coli (108 colony-formingunits/body) were injected into the peritoneal cavities of Balb/c mice. NG-nitro-L-arginine-methyl-ester, NG-monomethyl-L-arginine, or N-iminoethyl-L-ornithine was given at various concentrations, intraperitoneally, one hour before bacterial challenge.Measurements: One hundred and fifteen animals were observed for survival.Results: These inhibitors provided the mice no protection from the bacterial challenge. Notably, pretreatment with NG-nitro-L-arginine-methyl-ester (100 mg/kg i.p.) actually reduced survival time afterE. coli challenge.Conclusions: Inhibition of nitric oxide production improved neither the survival time nor rate in this murine sepsis model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Fluorometry ; HPLC ; human urine ; laboratory medicine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The Maillard protein cross-link pentosidine is a fluorescent condensation product of lysine, arginine and ribose. It accumulates in human tissues with age, and the accumulation process is accelerated in the tissues of diabetic patients. Using SP-Sephadex C-25 in the pretreatment for HPLC, we examined levels of pentosidine in urine without hydrolysis (free form) and levels of pentosidine in urine after hydrolysis (total forms), from 23 diabetic patients and 21 control subjects. The mean percentages of the values of free form per total forms (±SD) were 89±15% in diabetic patients, 88±16% in control subjects and 89±15% in total populations of diabetic patients and control subjects. There was a significant correlation between the values of free form and total forms in diabetic patients (r=0.938, p=0.0001), in control subjects (r=0.820, p〈0.02) and in total populations of diabetic patients and control subjects (r=0.951, p=0.0001). The mean level of pentosidine per mol creatinine (±SD) was significantly elevated in urine from diabetic patients as compared to the level in control subjects (8.8±4.3 μmol/mol creatinine vs 4.2±1.4 μmol/mol creatinine, p=0.0001 in free form; 10.1±5.3 μmol/mol creatinine vs 4.7±1.4 μmol/mol creatinine, p=0.0001 in total forms). These results demonstrate that urinary pentosidine, especially in free form, could be a useful marker for the assessment of diabetes and diabetic complications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 79 (1990), S. 501-505 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Cerebral ischemia ; Selective vulner-ability ; Protein synthesis ; Autoradiography ; Gerbil
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Regional cerebral protein synthesis following brief ischemia was investigated in the Mongolian gerbil, utilizing l-[methyl-14C]methionine autoradiography. Transient ischemia was induced for 1,2 or 3 min. At various recirculation periods up to 48 h, animals received a single dose of l-[methyl-14C]-methionine and then were terminated 35 min later. Sham-operated animals showed a normal pattern of amino acid incorporation into the proteins of the brain. Following 1-min ischemia, the pattern of protein synthesis was similar to that in the sham-operated gerbils. Ischemia for 2 min, however, caused marked inhibition of protein synthesis in the neocortex, striatum, hippocampal CA1 sector and the thalamus at 1 h of recirculation. Extensive recovery of protein synthesis was found in the neocortex, the striatum, the hippocampal CA1 sector and the thalamus at 5–24 h of recirculation, but, a slight inhibition was detectable in the hippocampal CA1 sector in one of six animals. This inhibition had fully recovered at 48 h of recirculation. Following 3-min ischemia, severe impairment of protein synthesis was found in the neocortex, striatum, the whole hippocampus and the thalamus. After 5–24 h of recirculation, the protein synthesis in these regions had gradually recovered, except that complete lack of amino acid incorporation was seen in the hippocampal CA1 subfield. This impairment of protein synthesis in the hippocampal CA1 sector was not recovered at 48h of recirculation. Morphological study indicated that 2-min ischemia did not produce any significant neuronal damage in the brain, whereas gerbils subjected to 3-min ischemia revealed a mild neuronal damage in the hippocampal CA1 sector. The present study indicates that even non-lethal ischemia can produce a severe inhibition of protein synthesis in the selectively vulnerable regions during the early stage of recirculation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Medical microbiology and immunology 177 (1987), S. 27-32 
    ISSN: 1432-1831
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cytotoxic effects of a leukocidin from Fusobacterium necrophorum were demonstrated on bovine hepatic cells. The cytotoxic response was dose-dependent and could be inhibited by homologous antiserum. Scanning electron microscopy revealed damaged hepatic cell surface. These findings indicated a pathogenic role of the leukocidin in F. necrophorum infections.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract A new experimental technique is developed by combining a flash photolysis method with a laser-photodiode system to measure the velocity of the flow of thin liquid films. The technique is applied to the measurement of the velocity of the liquid-fuel film within the intake pipe of an internal combustion engine operated under firing condition. The results show that the velocity of the fuel film is of the order of 1/100 of the mean air velocity inside the intake pipe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 55 (1994), S. 324-329 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Photodensitometry ; Radiogrammetry ; Metacarpal bone ; Bone mineral density ; Osteoporosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The metacarpal bone mineral density (BMD) and metacarpal index (MCI) of the second metacarpal bone were measured by computed X-ray densitometry (CXD) (Teijin Ltd., Tokyo), which we have established with the development of microdensitometry of radiographs. In this study, we evaluated the basic attributes of this CXD method and determined the age-related changes in both metacarpal measurements in normal Japanese women. The precision in vivo was measured in eight subjects. The precision errors [coefficient of variation (CV)] were 0.2–1.2% CV for metacarpal BMD and 0.4–2.0% CV for MCI, respectively. We have obtained low precision error and more rapid analysis, within 3 minutes respectively, compared with the previous methods. Age-related changes in the metacarpal measurements were evaluated in 1438 normal women. Both measurements showed the most significant decrease in the sixth decade of life. The rate of decrease in the sixth decade was 1.6%/year for metacarpal BMD and 1.5%/year for MCI. On comparison between metacarpal BMD by CXD and spine BMD using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in 248 normal women with and without menstruation, the two measurements were found to be similarly decreased in the subjects within 5 years after menopause. There was also no significant difference in the Z-score between metacarpal BMD and spine BMD within 5 years after menopause. These results indicate that early postmenopausal bone loss occurs not only in the spine but also in the metacarpal bone. The metacarpal BMD for patients with osteoporosis was significantly lower than that for age-matched normal controls, although the Z-score for spine BMD (-1.46) was significantly better than that for metacarpal BMD (-0.82). In conclusion, because CXD has excellent low precision error and is widely available at relatively low cost, it appears potentially to be applicable to problems in the diagnosis and management of osteoporosis, when used in association with DXA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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