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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Isoniazid neuropathy ; Axonal degeneration ; Endoneurial edema ; Axonal swelling ; Dying back
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Morphometric studies of the pathologic changes were carried out on the peripheral nerves, spinal roots, and different levels of the Goll's tract in rats given isoniazid and killed 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, and 30 days after intoxication. In teased fiber preparations, axonal degeneration was the main change present, and this was seen as early as day 2 in the peroneal and distal sural nerves. The frequency of myelinated fibers showing axonal degeneration was higher in the distal than the proximal sural nerve, and in the ventral than the dorsal root. In the group of rats killed on 5, 6, 7, and 14 days, a significant decrease of the myelinated fiber density was observed in the distal and proximal sural nerves, ventral root, and at the third cervical level of the Goll's tract. The degree of fiber degeneration was more severe in the distal than in the proximal sural nerve and in the third cervical than the fifth thoracic levels of the Goll's tract. Preferential decrease of large myelinated fibers was noted in all the affected nerves. No definite abnormalities, however, were seen in nerve cells of the 6th lumbar spinal ganglia and anterior horn cells of the lumbar spinal cord on light microscopy. On 30 days, regeneration at varying degrees was discerned in all the affected nerves with significant increase of small myelinated fibers, particularly in the ventral root. The findings indicate that both centrally and peripherally directed myelinated axons are more affected in the distal than in the proximal segments while the neuronal cell bodies are spatio-temporal evolution of this pattern of change is compatible with the concept of the “dying back” process or centralperipheral distal axonopathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Multiple sclerosis ; Schwann cell ; Remyelination ; Glial fibrillary acidic protein ; Immunocytochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To extend earlier observations on Schwann cell remyelination in multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions (Itoyama et al. 1983) we immunostained spinal cord sections from eight Japanese MS patients with antiserum to Po glycoprotein, a major constituent of peripheral nervous system (PNS) myelin, myelin basic protein (MBP), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). Spinal cord sections from six of the eight Japanese MS patients contained large clusters of peripheral myelin sheaths with anti-Po immunoreactivity. In lesions found in four of the six patients, thousands of Po-stained PNS myelin sheaths were present. Necrosis was prominent in these lesions which included more than half of the spinal cord's transverse area. The number and density of regenerating myelin sheaths of peripheral origin were much greater than we observed in MS spinal cord lesions of white people (Itoyama et al. 1983). Anti-GFAP immunoreactivity was present in most brain and spinal cord lesions. However, the areas in lesions that contained large groups of PNS myelin sheaths lacked anti-GFAP immunoreactivity. Our data suggest that spinal MS lesions that are large, severely demyelinated, and partially necrotic may contain factors that inhibit fibrous astrogliosis. These factors, other substances in the large lesions and/or the lack of astrocytic scarring could then promote Schwann cell invasion, multiplication, and remyelination of surviving axons.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 45 (1979), S. 43-45 
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis ; Segmental demyelination ; Remyelination ; Sural nerve ; Onion bubl
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary In a case of cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis (CTX), confirmed biochemically and histologically, quantitative histological studies of the biopsied sural nerve revealed significantly higher incidence of de- and remyelination and onion bulb than in controls. The density of total myelinated fibers fell within the range of controls, although the density of large myelinated fibers seemed to be slightly decreased. It was suggested that the preferential involvement of the myelin sheath and Schwann cell may exist in CTX.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Subacute spongiform encephalopathy ; Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease ; Experimental transmission ; Small rodents ; Transmissible agent
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Further experimental transmission of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) from three patients to mice and rats was carried out successfully. The clinical signs and pathologic features of spongiform encephalopathy transmitted to animals were much the same as in previous experiments, except that distribution of the lesions in the mice differed with each inoculated material taken from the patients. These observations suggest the multiplicity of CJD agents, as in the case of scrapie agents.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Isoniazid neuropathy ; Axonal degeneration ; Axonal swelling ; Paranodal demyelination ; Ventral root
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Morphometric sequential studies of pathologic changes were carried out on myelinated fibers in the lumbar ventral root of Sprague-Dawley rats administered with isoniazid, 1,500 mg/kg body weight, in a single dose. Accumulation of axoplasmic organelles with secondary paranodal retraction of myelin sheath occurred in the middle part of the ventral root as early as day 2 after the administration. On day 3, axonal degeneration started to occur, distal to the middle part, where the accumulation of axoplasmic organelles is prominent. Such accumulation with the possible blockade of the fast axoplasmic transport in the proximal axon may be directly responsible for the distal axonal degeneration. Alternatively such accumulation may be secondary to the distal axonal degeneration. The morphological sequential findings described clearly reflects the pathological events in isoniazid neuropathy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Cerebrovascular disease ; Micturition, frequency ; Hemiplegia ; Hemisphere specialization ; Micturition, urgency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary To determine the individual contribution of the right and left cerebral hemispheres to micturition control, a clinical analysis was performed concerning frequency and urgency of micturition in 134 chronic hemiplegic patients. A mean frequency of urination, 9 times or more in 24h, was found more frequently in left than right hemiplegics. Left hemiplegics also complained more often of urgency than did right hemiplegics. A mean frequency of urination of 9 times or more in 24h and urgency co-existed more frequently in left hemiplegics than in right hemiplegics. In the present study, dealing with the chronic sequelae of stroke, frequency and urgency of micturition were found more commonly in patients with right hemisphere than left hemisphere lesions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 141 (1984), S. 240-242 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Lysinuric protein intolerance ; Growth hormone
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our two patients with lysinuric protein intolerance, a 14-year-old boy and his 12-year-old sister, showed growth retardation and their bone ages were retarded. Growth hormone secretion responded to glucagon-propranolol and showed a good response to arginine. However, growth hormone showed little response to insulin. After the oral administration of arginine hydrochloride, growth hormone showed a good response to insulin and glucagon-propranolol, and gain in height and weight accelerated. This result may suggest that an adequate supply of arginine is effective in improving the growth retardation in lysinuric protein intolerance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 191 (1978), S. 714-718 
    ISSN: 0003-9861
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 178 (1991), S. 686-693 
    ISSN: 0006-291X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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