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  • Electronic Resource  (11)
Material
  • Electronic Resource  (11)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Membrane potential ; Ca2+ channels ; Thapsigargin ; T-lymphocytes ; Mn2+
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Membrane potential changes accompanying Ca2+ influx stimulated by release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores (store-regulated Ca2+ uptake) were monitored in BAPTA-loaded rat thymic lymphocytes using the fluorescent indicator bis(1,3-diethylthiobarbituric acid)trimethine oxonol. Depletion of [Ca2+] i stores by the application of thapsigargin, ionomycin or cyclopiazonic acid induced a depolarization which was (i) dependent upon BAPTA-loading, (ii) dependent upon extracellular Ca2+, (iii) independent of extracellular Na+ and (iv) abolished by 5 mm extracellular Ni2+. This depolarization was followed by a charybdotoxin-sensitive repolarization and subsequent hyperpolarization to values approximating the K+ equilibrium potential, consistent with secondary activation of a K+ conductance. These membrane potential changes temporally correlated with Ca2+ influx from the extracellular medium as measured fluorimetrically with indo-1. The divalent cation permeability sequence was investigated by monitoring the magnitude of the depolarization observed following the addition of 4 mm Ca2+, Mn2+, Ba2+ or Sr2+ to cells pretreated with doses of thapsigargin or ionomycin known to activate the store-regulated calcium uptake pathway. On the basis of these experiments, we conclude that the store-regulated Ca2+ uptake pathway has the following permeability sequence: Ca2+ 〉 Mn2+ ≫ Ba2+, Sr2+ with Mn2+ displaying significant permeability relative to Ca2+. This pathway is distinguishable from other divalent cation uptake pathways reported in other cells types on the basis of its activation by thapsigargin and its high Mn2+ permeability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Rural Studies 8 (1992), S. 145-158 
    ISSN: 0743-0167
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Geography , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0960-894X
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial and engineering chemistry 4 (1965), S. 365-368 
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry 20 (1928), S. 1363-1366 
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry 13 (1921), S. 1116-1123 
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 252 (1988), S. 151-168 
    ISSN: 0022-0728
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 11 (1967), S. 29-32 
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Untersuchungen in der Antarktis zeigen, dass der Beginn des Erfrieren einer exponierten Hautstelle unter natürlichen Bedingungen eine enge Beziehung zu einem Wind-Kälte-Index von 1.400 nach der Formel von Siple-Passel und damit die Gültigkeit der Wind-Kälte-Formel in diesem Bereich unter Beweis stellt.Versuche mit Frostbeulen an isolierten Fingern, die den antarktischen Klimabedingungen ausgesetzt waren, zeigten dagegen eine engere Beziehung zur Kälte der Luft,die nach einer anderen Formel berechnet wurde.Dies mag seinen Grund in Unterschieden des Ausmasses der Abkühlung je nach dem Durchmesser des untersuchten Körperteils haben.
    Abstract: Resume Des recherches faites dans l'Antarctique montrent que le début des gelures d'une partie de peau nue est, dans des conditions naturelles,en rapport étroit avec un index vent-froid. Cet index, calculé selon la formule de Siple-Passel,est de 1.400 et prouve que cette formule est valable dans ces conditions. Des essais faits avec des engelures à des doigt isolés, mais exposées aux conditions climatiques de l'Antarctique montrent par contre une relation plus étroite avec le froid de l'air, calculé selon une autre formule. Ces différences sont probablement dues à l'importance de la réfrigération qui dépend, elle, du diamètre de la partie du corps examinée.
    Notes: Abstract Investigations in the Antarctic show that the onset of freezing of exposed skin under natural field conditions is closely correlated to a wind chill index of 1,400, calculated according to the Siple-Passel formula,and provide evidence of the validity of the wind chill formula in this range. Experimental frostbites of isolated fingers exposed to antarctic climatic conditions, however, demonstrate a closer correlation with atmospheric cooling calculated by a different formula. This may be accounted for by differences in cooling rate in relation to body diameter.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 16 (1972), S. 247-258 
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Wenn das Mittelglied eines Fingers einer Temperatur von -10° bis -15°C bei einem Wind von 10 m/sec ausgesetzt wurde, kühlte die Hauttemperatur nicht bis zur Lufttemperatur, sondern bis zu einer höheren Temperatur T′ = (Ta + τ) ab. Dies war Folge des Wärmezuflusses, etwa 118 joule über 4.3 min, durch Konduktion von den nicht exponierten proximalen und distalen Fingergliedern. Die berechneten Wärmekonstanten für den Finger waren verschieden von denen für Wasser und erklären die Schnelligkeit der Abkühlung. Die Häufigkeit von Erfrieren oder kältebedingter Gefässerweiterung liess sich wegen des Auftretens unbestimmter Ueberkühlung nicht mit der relativen Abkühlungsrate korrelieren. Innerhalb des gleichen Bereiches überkühlter Temperaturen traten in 16 Fällen Erfrierungen, in 7 Fällen kältebedingte Gefässerweiterung und in 3 Fällen nichts auf. Die Faktoren die entweder Kristallisation oder Gefässerweiterung bedingten, sind unbekannt.
    Abstract: Resume Lorsque l'on expose la deuxième phalange à une température de -10° à -15°C par un vent de 10 m/sec, sa température de surface ne s'abaisse pas jusqu'à celle de l'air ambiant, mais seulement jusqu'à une valeur T′ = (Ta + τ). Ceci est dû à l'échange de chaleur — environ 118 joules pour 4,3 min — provenant de la troisième et de la première phalange non exposées à l'air froid. Les constantes thermiques calculées sont différentes de celles de l'eau, ce qui explique le refroidissement rapide du corps humain. Les causes de gelure ou de vasodilatation due au froid ne peuvent pas être mises en corrélation avec le taux de refroidissement relatif en raison de l'apparition inexpliquée de phénomènes de surrefroidissement. Dans le même intervalle de températures basses, on a constaté 16 cas de gelures, 7 de vasodilatation due au froid et, dans 3 cas, aucune modification n'est apparue. Les faits qui provoquent soit la cristallisation, soit la vasodilatation ne sont pas connus jusqu'ici.
    Notes: Abstract Upon exposure of the middle phalanx of the finger to air at -10° to-15°C moving at 10 m/sec, the surface temperature cooled not toward air temperature but toward a higher temperature, T′ = (Ta + τ). This was due to heat input, about 118 joule over 4.3 min, by conduction from the proximal and distal phalanges not exposed to the cold air. Calculated thermal constants for the finger are somewhat different from those for water and account for the rapidity of the cooling. The incidence of either freezing or cold-induced vasodilatation could not be correlated with the relative cooling rate because of the occurrence of indeterminate supercooling. Within the same range of supercooled temperatures, freezing occurred in 16 cases, cold induced vasodilatation in 7 cases, and nothing in 3 cases. The factors which induce crystallization on the one hand or vasodilatation on the other hand, remain to be discovered.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of religion and health 32 (1993), S. 309-313 
    ISSN: 1573-6571
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Theology and Religious Studies
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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