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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Islet amyloid polypeptide in diabetic and non-diabetic Pima Indians (1990)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 33 (1990), S. 285-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Pima Indians ; diabetes mellitus ; pancreatic islets ; islet amyloid ; islet amyloid polypeptide ; insulin resistance ; glucose tolerance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Islet amyloid may have a pathological role in the development of Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. The prevalence of islet amyloid has been investigated on post-mortem pancreatic tissue from both diabetic and non-diabetic Pima Indian subjects who had previously been assessed by oral glucose tolerance tests. Islets were examined for amyloid deposits and for cellular immunoreactivity to pancreatic hormones and islet amyloid polypeptide, the constituent peptide of islet amyloid. Twenty of 26 diabetic subjects (77%) had islet amyloid, compared with one of 14 non-diabetic subjects (7%). Twelve of the diabetic subjects (46%) had amyloid in more than 10% of their islets, whereas only 4% of islets were affected in a single non-diabetic subject. Positive immunoreactivity for islet amyloid peptide was present in the islet amyloid and in islet cells in 54% of the diabetic and 50% of the non-diabetic subjects. Islet amyloid in diabetic Pima Indians may indicate a primary Beta-cell defect which interacts with insulin resistance to produce diabetes, or may develop as a result of Beta-cell dysfunction induced by insulin resistance and hyperglycaemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00403322
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Familial predisposition to renal disease in two generations of Pima Indians with Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus (1990)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 33 (1990), S. 438-443 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus ; American Indians ; diabetic renal disease ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We studied the occurrence of renal disease by measuring serum creatinine and urine protein concentrations in the diabetic members of 316 Pima Indian families with Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes in two successive generations to determine if diabetic renal disease aggregates in families. After adjustment for sex and other risk factors, proteinuria occurred among 14.3% of the diabetic offspring if neither parent had proteinuria, 22.9% if at least one diabetic parent had proteinuria, and 45.9% if both parents had diabetes and proteinuria. Among male offspring, an elevated serum creatinine concentration (≥177 μmol/l) was present in 11.7% if the parent had an elevated creatinine and in 1.5% if the parent did not. Thus, proteinuria and high serum creatinine aggregated in diabetic families, suggesting that susceptibility to renal disease is inherited independently of diabetes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00404096
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of magnesium ions on red cell membrane properties (1990)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 118 (1990), S. 251-257 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: erythrocytes ; membrane elasticity ; micropipette ; membrane skeleton ; spectrin ; magnesium
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Summary Spectrin forms aggregates in solution when incubated at relatively high concentrations (several millimolar) of divalent cations. According to the evidence of electron microscopy, aggregates of globular appearance and, rather uniform size are cooperatively formed from spectrin dimers, no intermediate structures being seen. Inter-dimer chemical cross-linking of spectrin in intact red cell membranes is enhanced if magnesium ions at a concentration of 0.5mm or more are present. On the other hand, the elimination of magnesium from the interior of intact cells causes no significant change in shear elastic modulus, measured by micropipette assays, nor is there any dependence of membrane filtration rate on intracellular free magnesium concentration in the range 0–1mm. Magnesium-depleted cells are, however, converted into echinocytes within a short period, in which, control cells, exposed to ionophore and external magnesium ions, remain completely discoid. Magnesium-depleted cells also undergo structural, changes on heating below the temperature at which vesiculation sets in. These reveal themselves by the transformation of the cells to a unique characteristic shape, by grossly reduced filtrability, and by extensive agglutination of the cells when treated with a bifunctional reagent. Magnesium ions thus regulate the stability, but not to any measurable extent the gross elasticity, of the red cell membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01868609
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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