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  • 1990-1994  (12)
  • 1990  (12)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cellular cholesterol regulation — A defect in the Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patient in poor metabolic control (1990)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 33 (1990), S. 93-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus ; LDL ; cholesterol ; esterification ; glycosylation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary This study investigates the relationship between Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and hypercholesterolaemia with regard to delivery of cholesterol to cells and regulation of endogenous cholesterol synthesis. The ability of LDL, from hypercholesterolaemic and Type 2 diabetic patients, to suppress cellular cholesterologenesis and to enhance mitogen-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation was compared. Cholesterol synthesis was estimated by measuring [14C]-acetate incorporation into cholesterol and lymphocyte proliferation was assessed by [3H]-thymidine incorporation into mitogen-stimulated normal lymphocytes. The results indicate that LDL from both Type 2 diabetic patients in poor metabolic control and hypercholesterolaemic patients was significantly less effective (p 〈 0.001) than LDL from non-diabetic normocholesterolaemic subjects in suppressing cholesterol synthesis in lymphocytes. LDL from all hypercholesterolaemic patients enhanced lymphocyte proliferation to a greater extent than LDL from normocholesterolaemic subjects and this effect was significantly increased using LDL from Type 2 diabetic, hypercholesterolaemic patients. Both suppression of [14C]-acetate incorporation and enhancement of [3H]-thymidine uptake could be related to an increased esterified/free cholesterol ratio in the LDL particle. The fact that cholesterol synthesis and cell proliferation were markedly altered by the above changes in LDL composition suggests a mechanism for cellular cholesterol accumulation in the Type 2 diabetic patient, even in the absence of elevated serum cholesterol levels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00401046
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Collision-induced desorption of physisorbed CH4 from Ni(111): Experiments and simulations (1990)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 93 (1990), S. 4047-4065 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The desorption of CH4 physisorbed on Ni(111) is observed to be induced by collision with Ar atoms incident with energies less than 2 eV. The absolute cross section for collision-induced desorption of CH4 in the low coverage limit of an isolated CH4 molecule and from a saturated CH4 monolayer is measured as a function of the kinetic energy and incident angle of the Ar beam. The dominant mechanism for collision-induced desorption is determined to involve the direct collision of the incident Ar with the physisorbed CH4. Indirect, surface mediated desorption processes and multiple desorptions are found to be unimportant. Three-dimensional, classical molecular dynamics simulations based upon a hard sphere/hard cube model of the direct collision mechanism show that the complicated dependence of the desorption cross section at low CH4 coverage on the Ar energy and incident angle is the result of two competing dynamical effects: the increase in the geometrical collision cross section and the decrease in the Ar kinetic energy that can be transferred to CH4 motion normal to the surface as the Ar incident angle increases. Multiple Ar–CH4 collisions and mirror collisions are found to make relatively minor contributions to the cross section for collision induced desorption. Normal energy accommodation during the CH4-surface collision plays a significant role in determining the threshold energy for desorption. At high CH4 coverage, the obstruction of small impact parameter, head-on Ar–CH4 collisions by neighboring CH4 molecules at large angles of incidence is the origin of the difference in the cross section observed for low and high CH4 coverage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.458737
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of a Colorimetric, Second Generation Nucleic Acid Hybridization Method For Detection of Salmonella in Foods and a Comparison With Conventional Culture Procedure (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 55 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A new, highly specific colorimetric DNA hybridization method (cDNAH) for detection of Salmonella in foods was developed. It detected 355/362 strains representing 206/213 serovars of Salmonella, and showed no cross-reactivity with 32 different non-Salmonella species, including a variety of Enterobacter and Citrobacter species. The cDNAH method was compared with the BAM/AOAC culture method in two studies: (1) with 20 different inoculated and uninoculated foods overall agreement between the two methods was 99%. (2) with naturally contaminated foods at two independent sites agreement with culture was 99.8% where 9/404 samples were positive for Salmonella.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1990.tb03944.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Absolute value of the magnetic moment per atom in Ag/Fe/Ag(001) and Ag/Co/Ag(001) epitaxial sandwich structures (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 67 (1990), S. 5397-5399 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present the results of an investigation of epitaxial Ag/bcc Fe/Ag(001) and Ag/fcc Co/Ag(001) sandwich structures in which we use polarized neutron reflection (PNR) as a direct probe of the absolute value of the magnetic moment per atom in order to test recent theoretical calculations for these systems. An 8-ML bcc 57Fe and a 2-ML fcc Co film were found to display planar anisotropy at 300 K from surface magneto-optic Kerr effect measurements, and were selected for PNR measurements in the temperature range 4–300 K with the films magnetically saturated in-plane. The flipping ratio observed for the 8-ML 57Fe film is consistent with a ferromagnetic moment in the range 0.9–1.1 Bohr magnetons, which is significantly reduced from the bulk value, in contrast with recent theoretical predictions of a strongly enhanced ferromagnetic moment for this epitaxial system. No temperature dependence of the magnetization is detected, confirming the anticipated bulklike behavior. For the 2-ML fcc Co film, the observed flipping ratio is consistent with a ferromagnetic moment in the range 1.8–2.2 Bohr magnetons, which is significantly enhanced from the bulk hcp value, in agreement with recent theoretical calculations. No temperature dependence of the Co magnetization was detected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.344565
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shape-memory properties in Ni-Ti sputter-deposited film (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 6224-6228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The objective of this research is to establish a shape-memory effect in sputter-deposited films of nickel titanium. The alloy, generically called nitinol, was prepared from sputtering targets in two different compositions. Films were deposited up to 10 μm in thickness on glass substrates using a dc magnetron sputtering source. The as-deposited films were amorphous in structure and did not exhibit a shape memory. The amorphous films were crystallized with a suitable annealing process, and the transformation properties were measured using differential scanning calorimetry. The crystallized films showed transition temperatures that were much lower than those of the parent material. X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that the films were not a single phase but showed evidence of a second phase. However, the annealed films demonstrated a strong shape-memory effect. Stress/strain measurements and physical manipulation were used to evaluate the shape recovery. These tests demonstrated sustained tensile stresses of up to 480 MPa in the high-temperature phase, and a characteristic plastic deformation in the low-temperature phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.346914
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Room-temperature excitonic saturation in CdZnTe/ZnTe quantum wells (1990)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 57 (1990), S. 1132-1134 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present the first measurements of room-temperature excitonic absorption saturation in a II-VI semiconductor quantum well. Strong room-temperature excitonic absorption in CdZnTe/ZnTe quantum wells is found to saturate at an incident optical intensity that is considerably higher than that for III-V quantum wells. We show that this phenomenon can be interpreted in terms of the smaller excitonic Bohr radius characteristic of wide-gap II-VI compounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.103513
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sexual lifestyles under scrutiny (1990)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 348 (1990), S. 276-278 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] "HUMAN sexual behavior represents one of the least explored segments of biology, psychology and sociology. Scientifically, more has been known about the sexual behavior of some of the farm and laboratory animals." Alfred Kinsey's words' remain as true today as they were 40 years ago. Despite an ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/348276a0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surveying sexual attitudes (1990)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 343 (1990), S. 109-109 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR-S. J. Gurman writes to discuss the problem of obtaining valid data on sexual attitudes and lifestyles through survey methods (Nature 342, 12; 1989). He uses an analogy from natural science to make the point that the mean number of heterosexual partners should be equal for men and women. In ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/343109a0
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transboundary metal pollution of the Columbia River (Franklin D. Roosevelt Lake) (1990)
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 45 (1990), S. 703-710 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01700989
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pathogenesis of Rift Valley fever in rhesus monkeys: role of interferon response (1990)
    Springer
    Archives of virology 110 (1990), S. 195-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-8798
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Rhesus monkeys inoculated intravenously with Rift Valley fever (RVF) virus presented clinical disease syndromes similar to human cases of RVF. All 17 infected monkeys had high-titered viremias but disease ranged from clinically inapparent to death. Three (18%) RVF virus-infected monkeys developed signs of hemorrhagic fever characterized by epistaxis, petechial to purpuric cutaneous lesions, anorexia, and vomiting prior to death. The 14 remaining monkeys survived RVF viral infection but, 7 showed clinical signs of illness characterized by diminished food intake, cutaneous petechiae, and occasional vomiting. The other 7 monkeys showed no evidence of clinical disease. All monkeys had detectable serum interferon 24–30 h after infection, but 4 of 7 monkeys that did not develop clinical illness had serum interferon titers within 12h after infection. In lethally infected macaques, indices of hepatic function and blood coagulation were abnormal within 2 days, implicating early pathogenetic events as critical determinants of survival. Serum transferase values were elevated in proportion to severity of clinical disease and outcome of infection. Both myocardial damage and laboratory evidence consistent with disseminated intravascular coagulation were present in fatal infections. All surviving monkeys developed neutralizing antibodies to RVF virus 4–7 days after infection, and this coincided with termination of viremia. Two fatally infected monkeys were viremic until death on days 6 and 8, and the third cleared viremia on day 5 and developed antibody on day 6 but died on day 15. There was a significant correlation between a delayed interferon response and mortality, suggesting that the early appearance of interferon was influential in limiting the severity of disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01311288
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