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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spiral waves in a surface reaction: Model calculations (1994)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 100 (1994), S. 1202-1214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A systematic study of spiral waves in a realistic reaction-diffusion model describing the isothermal CO oxidation on Pt(110) is carried out. Spirals exist under oscillatory, excitable, and bistable (doubly metastable) conditions. In the excitable region, two separate meandering transitions occur, both when the time scales become strongly different and when they become comparable. By the assumption of surface defects of the order of 10 μm, to which the spirals can be pinned, the continuous distribution of wavelengths observed experimentally can be explained. An external periodic perturbation generally causes a meandering motion of a free spiral, while a straight drift results, if the period of the perturbation divided by the rotation period is a natural number.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.466650
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coupling between adjacent crystal planes in heterogeneous catalysis by propagating reaction–diffusion waves (1994)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 370 (1994), S. 276-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The rate of a reaction catalysed by a uniform (that is, single-crystal) surface is usually formulated in terms of the surface concentrations (the partial coverages) of the reacting species and the associated rate constants. The associated set of coupled nonlinear differential equations generally ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/370276a0
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ruthenium supported on zeolite A: preparation and characterisation of a stable catalyst for ammonia synthesis (1994)
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 25 (1994), S. 61-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: Ammonia synthesis ; supported ruthenium catalyst ; dispersed ruthenium ; instationary kinetics ; lifetime effects ; ruthenium oxidation ; surface analysis ; XPS
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Reaction of Ru(NH3)6Cl3 with Na-A and K-A zeolites yielded oligomeric amino-oxo-complexes supported on the zeolite. Controlled thermal activation under hydrogen converted the precursor in a two-step reaction into an active catalyst with good long-term stability and resistance against small doses of oxygen poison. Several nanometers sized Ru metal particles are chemically bonded to the zeolite surface which provides in the K form an alkali promoter at the metal-zeolite interface. Extensive oxidation breaks the metal-support anchoring and re-reduction produces Ru metal particles sintering rapidly into large metal crystals with only small residual catalytic activity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00815416
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The dissociative adsorption of N2 on a multiply promoted iron catalyst used for ammonia synthesis: a temperature-programmed desorption study (1994)
    Springer
    Catalysis letters 24 (1994), S. 317-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: Nitrogen adsorption ; N2 TPD ; iron-based catalyst ; ammonia synthesis ; microkinetic analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) of N2 from a multiply promoted iron catalyst used for ammonia synthesis has been studied in a microreactor system at atmospheric pressure. From TPD experiments with various heating rates a preexponential factorA = 2 × 109 molecules/site s and an activation energyE = 146 kJ/mol was derived assuming second-order desorption. The observed dependence of the TPD peak shapes on the heating rates indicated the influence of readsorption of N2 in agreement with the results obtained for various initial coverages. Simulating the N2 TPD curves using the model by Stoltze and Nørskov revealed that the calculated TPD curves were not influenced by the molecular precursor to desorption. However, the calculated rate of readsorption was found to be overestimated at high coverage compared with the experimental results. A coverage-dependent net activation energy for dissociative chemisorption (E*) was introduced as the simplest assumption rendering the dissociative chemisorption of N2 activated at high coverage. The best fit of the experimental data yieldedE* = (−15+30θ) kJ/mol using only a single type of atomic nitrogen species. These findings are in satisfactory agreement with the parameters underlying the Stoltze-Nørskov model for the kinetics of ammonia synthesis as well as with the data reported for Fe(111) single crystal surfaces.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00811804
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamics and self-organization of catalytic systems (1994)
    Springer
    Topics in catalysis 1 (1994), S. 305-314 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9028
    Keywords: non-Langmuir ; kinetics ; non-linear dynamics ; oscillations ; chaos ; self-organization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The kinetics of a catalytic reaction is frequently formulated in terms of simple concepts of the Langmuir type. Apart from limitations arising from the non-uniformity of the catalyst's surface and from the coverage dependence of the rate “constants”, several other complications may come into play. These may arise on the “quantum level” where energy flow between the various degrees of freedom may cause failure of simple transition state theory, as well as on the “continuum level” where formulation of rate equations in terms of coupled non-linear differential equations may give rise to a rich scenario of spatio-temporal self-organization, including kinetic oscillations, chaos, and formation of concentration patterns. Several of these phenomena are illustrated by selected examples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01492284
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