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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of octreotide to assess insulin-mediated glucose disposal by the insulin suppression test (1994)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 37 (1994), S. 843-845 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00404344
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multicentric carcinoma of the genital tract (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 101 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1994.tb11954.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modified urethral sling for the treatment of genuine stress incontinence and latent incontinence (1994)
    Springer
    International urogynecology journal 5 (1994), S. 69-75 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-3023
    Keywords: Marlex mesh ; Suburethral sling ; Urinary incontinence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The results of 143 women who underwent a modified urethral sling using Marlex mesh for the correction of stress urinary incontinence and latent stress incontinence, as diagnosed by clinical and urodynamic testing, are examined. The overall success rate for the surgical correction of genuine stress urinary incontinence was 99% during a median follow-up time of 1 year (range 0.12–4 years). There was a 12% postoperative incidence of varying degrees of genital prolapse. Difficulty with voiding resulting in the need for self-catheterization occurred in 17% of patients in the first 6 weeks, but only 2.8% were needing self-catheterizing after 1 year. There was a difference in peak flow preoperatively compared with 1 year postoperatively (20.5 ml/s v 15.7 ml/s, P=0.0003). Patients with a normal peak flow preoperatively (〉20 ml/s) were more compromised at 1 year postoperatively (28 ml/s preoperatively, 18.4 ml/s postoperatively, P=0.00001), than women with an abnormal preoperative flow (〈20 ml/s), (13.2 ml/s preoperatively, 13.5 ml/s postoperatively). Whether the operation was done for overt or latent stress incontinence did not affect postoperative flow results. It was not possible to predict by preoperative uroflow testing which patients were likely to need intermittent self-catheterization postoperatively. One year after surgery there were no significant alterations in bladder capacity (CMG) or urethral pressure profile measurements. There were no statistically significant changes in uroflow patterns when comparing primary and secondary surgical groups.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00375813
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Muscarinic involvement in vascular and adrenal medullary responses to splanchnic nerve stimulation in conscious calves (1994)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 50 (1994), S. 931-935 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Sympathetic ; adrenal medulla ; nicotinic ; muscarinic ; catecholamines ; enkephalins ; corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Stimulation of the peripheral end of the right splanchnic nerve (4 Hz for 10 min) in the presence of hexamethonium caused a small but significant rise in mean aortic blood pressure which was subsequently abolished by atropine. There were also small but significant increases in the outputs of catecholamines, [Met5]-enkephalins and corticotrophin releasing factor (CRF) from the right adrenal gland. The catecholamine response was roughly halved after atropine while the outputs of enkephalins and CRF were unaffected. It is concluded that splanchnic sympathetic postganglionic neurones supplying the vasculature are completely blocked by cholinergic blockade whereas adrenal medullary responses persist in an attenuated form.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01923481
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Concentration fluctuation data from dispersion experiments carried out in stable and unstable conditions (1994)
    Springer
    Boundary layer meteorology 67 (1994), S. 41-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1472
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Experiments have been carried out to investigate the dispersion of plumes at short range in the atmospheric boundary layer during stable and unstable conditions. The experiments and measurement system are described, and the results are compared with those of previous experiments. The slow meandering under stable conditions found by Mylne (1992) is not present here (probably because of topographic effects), so the plume is present on the mean centreline more often, and timescales are shorter, under stable conditions. Associated with this, statistics during stable conditions exhibit greater stability to changes in total sampling time. Intensity is found to be greater under unstable conditions, but there do not appear to be large differences in the shape of the probability density function between stable and unstable conditions. The intermittency is calculated using several variations on the conventional definition. The values obtained vary substantially according to which definition is used (although they are always higher in the stable than in the unstable experiments), demonstrating the sensitivity to both the precise definition and to measurement system characteristics. It is shown that even at very short range the mean and variance of concentration are determined almost entirely by the fluid not emanating from the source. Thus the partition between source and non-source fluid suggested by Chatwin and Sullivan (1989), while providing a more scientifically sound definition of intermittency, does not have an obvious direct practical application.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00705507
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A typed logic of partial functions reconstructed classically (1994)
    Springer
    Acta informatica 31 (1994), S. 399-430 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0525
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract This paper gives a comprehensive description of a typed version of the logic known as LPF. This logic is basic to formal specification and verified design in the software development method VDM. If appropriately extended to deal with recursively defined functions, the data types used in VDM, etc., it gives the VDM notation and its associated rules of reasoning. The paper provides an overview of the needed extensions and examines some of them in detail. It is shown how this nonclassical logic-and the extensions-can be reconstructed classically by embeddings into classical infinitary logic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01178666
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Altered oligosaccharide expression in ulcerative colitis with increasing grades of inflammation (1994)
    Springer
    Glycoconjugate journal 1 (1994), S. 235-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4986
    Keywords: colon ; histochemistry ; lectins ; rectum ; ulcerative colitis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Ulcerative colitis is an idiopathic chronic inflammatory condition of the large bowel associated with åbnormalities of mucin synthesis and secretion. In the present study, glycans were identified in 45 formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue samples from patients with ulcerative colitis. The tissue samples represented a spectrum of inflammation from chronic quiescent disease to severe inflammation. Thirteen biotinylated lectins, directed against a range of sialyl, fucosyl andN-acetylgalactosaminyl sequences, were applied using an avidin-peroxidase revealing system. The results were assessed semiquantitatively for a number of cellular sites. The expression of all sialyl sequences was increased in absorptive cells and in goblet cells and the expression of α2–6-linked sialyl sequences was enhanced in proportion to the degree of inflammation, while α2–3-linked sialyl sequences were diminished in more severe inflammation. The binding ofN-acetylgalactosaminyl-directed lectins was increased in the Golgi apparatus, while there was a reduction in the expression of α-fucosyl sequences in severe degrees of inflammation. This suggests that there is an increased biosynthetic rate for sialyl residues in all stages of disease with a reduction in α2–3-linked sialyl and fucosyl sequences in severe inflammation, and a shift from storedN-acetylgalactosaminyl sequences in goblet cells to an earlier form in the Golgi apparatus. The changes in sialyl sequences are a feature of ulcerative colitis even in quiescent disease and may be related to its aetiology and early pathogenesis, while most of the other changes reflect the severity of the disease and are probably part of its later pathogenesis or of induced reactive changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00919331
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glycoconjugates: composition, structure, and function. Edited by Howard J. Allen & Edward C. Kisailus, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1992, vii + 685 pp., price: $195. ISBN 0 8247 8431 6 (1994)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Chemical Technology AND Biotechnology 59 (1994), S. 115-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2575
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jctb.280590131
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alternative reproductive tactics in male common shrews: relationships between mate-searching behaviour, sperm production, and reproductive success as revealed by DNA fingerprinting (1994)
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 34 (1994), S. 71-78 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Keywords: Mating tactics ; Paternity analysis ; Reproductive success ; Sperm competition ; Sorex araneus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The common shrew (Sorex araneus) is a solitary small mammal with a promiscuous mating system. Previous studies of this species suggest that females typically mate multiply, and that males may adopt alternative mate-searching tactics. We studied two generations of common shrews in a population near Oxford, England. Males were found to adopt two different mate-searching tactics. Those classed as type A occupied relatively small exclusive ranges during March, and made repeated long-distance movements to visit female ranges around the time of first oestrus in April. Males classed as type B established large overlapping ranges in areas of relatively high female density during March, and maintained these ranges throughout April. Type B males were larger than type A males at an early stage of sexual maturation, but there was no difference in the adult body size of the two types of male. Type A males had significantly higher epididymal sperm counts than type B males. Paternity analyses of litters born during the first year of the study reveal that the mean number of offspring fathered by type B males was greater than the mean number fathered by type A males. It is concluded that different mate-searching tactics may be conditional upon the timing of sexual maturation. Differences in sperm production are discussed in relation to sperm competition theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00175460
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seven loci on human Chromosome 4 map onto sheep Chromosome 6: a proposal to restore the original nomenclature of this sheep chromosome (1994)
    Springer
    Mammalian genome 5 (1994), S. 429-433 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1777
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Seven new loci, casein alpha-S1 (CSN1S1), casein alpha-S2 (CSN1S2), casein beta (CSN2), the Hardy-Zuckerman 4 feline sarcoma viral (v-kit) oncogene homolog (KIT), albumin (ALB), phosphodiesterase cyclic GMP (rod receptor) beta polypeptide (PDEB), and complement component 1 (IF), were assigned to sheep Chromosome (Chr) 6 by Southern hybridization to a panel of chromosomally characterized sheep x hamster cell hybrids. By isotopic in situ hybridization, CSN2 was regionally localized to sheep Chr (OOV) 6q22–q31, anchoring this syntenic group of markers on to OOV6 and confirming its homology at a molecular and cytological level with cattle Chr 6. The assignment of these loci, from PDEB (located on human Chr 4p16.3) to IF (on HSA4q24–q25), and the observation that interleukin 2 (IL2, on HSA 4q26–q27) and tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO2, on HSA4q31) are not located on OOV6, is further evidence of the close evolutionary relationship of sheep and cattle and the conserved synteny in these species of this extensive region of human Chr 4. On the basis of this conserved synteny, and the similar G- and Q-banding patterns of this chromosome in cattle and sheep, we propose that this sheep chromosome be numbered as 6, not 4 as recommended by ISCNDA (1990).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00357003
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