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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Life Cycle of Daily Newspapers in The Netherlands: 1848–1997 (1998)
    Springer
    De economist 146 (1998), S. 475-494 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9982
    Keywords: density ; hazard function ; product life cycle ; newspapers
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract In 1848 freedom of the press was written into the Constitution of the Kingdom of The Netherlands. This paper investigates the life cycle characteristics of the market for daily newspapers in The Netherlands since then. Life expectancy depends on the cyclical evolution of the number of daily newspapers through time. The life cycle of the competitive newspaper industry in The Netherlands is characterized by a turning period of turmoil during World War II. Models that aim at estimating the expected lifetime of newspapers should acknowledge the cyclical characteristics of the industry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003295711540
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The crystal structure and IR spectra of μ-(bipyrimidine-N1,N1′,N5,N5′)-bis[(azido-N1)(methanol)(bipyrimidine-N1,N1′)copper(II)] bis(triflate) bis(methanol) (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of chemical crystallography 28 (1998), S. 427-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8854
    Keywords: Dinuclear ; copper ; triflate ; bipyrimidine ; azido ; infrared
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The structure of the title compound [Cu2(bipym)3(N3)2(CH3OH)2](CF3SO3)2(CH3OH)2 has been determined by X-ray diffraction. The crystals are triclinic, space group P1, with a = 8.1844(5), b = 11.0253(6), c = 12.9089(7) Å, α = 80.249(4), β, = 74.933(5), γ = 74.001(4)°, and Z = 1. The structure consists of a dinuclear Cu(II) unit formed of two didentate bipym ligands, one bis-didentate bipym ligand, two azido anions, and two coordinating methanol molecules. The Cu(II) atom is elongated tetragonally surrounded by two nitrogens of the didentate bipym ligand, one nitrogen of the bis-didentate ligand, and one nitrogen of the azido anion forming the equatorial plane with one nitrogen of the bis-didentate ligand and an oxygen atom of the methanol molecule as the axial atoms. A noncoordinating triflate anion and an additional methanol molecule are also in the crystal lattice and have a hydrogen bond distance of 2.801(3) Å with an angle of 157(4)°. The cations link by O – H ··· N bonds into infinite chains running in the c-direction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1021760420238
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some Guidelines for the Use of Stimulus Modifications in Teaching Response Topography to People with Developmental Disabilities (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of developmental and physical disabilities 10 (1998), S. 153-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-3580
    Keywords: stimulus modifications ; response topography ; developmental disabilities
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The use of stimulus modifications in teaching involves altering the materials of a task in order to simplify its execution. Though their use in teaching stimulus discriminations to people with developmental disabilities has been extensively investigated, less attention has been given to their utilization in teaching response topography. This paper offers some general guidelines about their use for this purpose. In relation to their design, it is suggested that the aim should be to reduce the demands made by task components, to eliminate components, and/or to increase the attentional value of the discriminating features of the response topography. In relation to their application, guidelines are suggested about when they should be employed in conjunction with response prompts; when they should be used, either alone or in conjunction with response prompts, in preference to response prompts alone; whether one or a series of modifications is required; and at what point during teaching should probe trials on the unmodified task be introduced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022865332522
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transient Lectin Binding by White Matter Tract Border Zone Microglia in the Foetal Rabbit Brain (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular histology 30 (1998), S. 657-666 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6865
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Axonal growth cones of developing white matter tracts are guided through the cerebrum by interactions with cell surface and extracellular matrix molecules expressed by glial cells that mediate cell adhesion and contact-dependent inhibition. Specific carbohydrates are considered essential for the proper functioning of these molecular complexes. We studied developmental aspects of complex carbohydrate expression by white matter glia in the foetal rabbit brain using the tomato lectin Lycopersicon esculentum, which has affinity for components of the extracellular matrix proteins and cell surface proteins (N-acetylglucosamine) and activated lysosomal membrane glycoproteins (N-acetyllactosamine). Concentrations of the lectin-positive glia were transiently found immediately adjacent to developing white matter tracts of the foetal rabbit brain from 22 to 32 days' gestation. The number of positive cells markedly diminished by the fourth post-natal day and in the adult brain. The lectin-positive glia did not react with antibody to glial fibrillary acidic protein. However, they did express the macrophage surface antigen, Mac-1, indicating that the lectin binding reflected the presence of microglial activated lysosomal membranes. These data suggest that, in addition to their role as central nervous system scavengers, microglia are involved in a specifically timed function in the neurodevelopmental programme of white matter tract formation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003597010707
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Unique Copper-Controlled Template Synthesis of Tetradentate N4-Donor Ligands and Their Propeller-Type Linear Trinuclear CuII Complexes (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1998 (1998), S. 547-549 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Copper ; Trinuclear ; Formamidines ; Magnetism ; Crystal structure ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In situ reaction of CuII triflate with aminopyridine or aminopyrimidine and triethylorthoformate in ethanol results in unique linear trinuclear CuII complexes with the general formula [Cu3(L-)4](CF3SO3)2(EtOH)x (L = dehydronated ligand N,N′-bis(pyridine-2-yl)formamidine or the new ligand N,N′-bis(pyrimidine-2-yl)formamidine). The structure [Cu-Cu-Cu angle 175.19(2)°] consists of four nearly flat molecules of the ligand which contribute to the propeller-type structure around the Cu-Cu-Cu axis. A strong antiferromagnetic interaction between the CuII ions is observed, resulting in an S = 1/2 ground state below 100 K.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis, X-ray Crystal Structure and Magnetism of [NiCl2{(bis(2-benzimidazolyl)propane}]2 · (C2H5OH)2 - A Second Example of a Ferromagnetically Coupled Five-Coordinated High-Spin Dichloro-Bridged Nickel(II) Dimer (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1998 (1998), S. 1337-1341 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Crystal structures ; Nickel complexes ; Dinuclear complexes ; Magnetism ; Far-infrared ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The ligand bis(2-benzimidazolyl)propane coordinates to NiII with chloride as an anion, thereby forming a dinuclear compound with the formula: [NiCl2(tbz)2]2(C2H6O)2. This compound crystallizes in the space group P21/c. Each five-coordinated NiII ion has a distorted trigonal bipyramidal environment which consist of two asymmetrically bridging Cl anions with distances of 2.3556(17) and 2.4275(16) Å, a terminal Cl anion with a distance of 2.3496(17) Å and two nitrogen atoms of the ligand with distances of 2.022(4) and 2.000(4) Å. The Ni-Ni distance is 3.5891(12) Å, while the Ni-Cl-Ni angle is 97.23(6)°. The magnetic properties of the compound, as studied in the range 5-280 K, have been fitted with a zero-field splitting parameter D (-14.3 cm-1) and a ferromagnetic exchange between the Ni ions in the dinuclear unit (J = +2.5 cm-1). The title compound appears to be the second example for a five-coordinated ferromagnetic dinuclear NiII compound of this type, and its magnetic properties appear to correlate with the ligand structure. With the availability of an increasing number of examples of such species it appears that antiferromagnetic exchange is found for all cases with the chromophore N2ClNiCl2NiClN2 where the MN2 ring is 5-membered. In the case, where this ring is six-membered, the exchange is ferromagnetic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An Unprecedented, Copper-Mediated, In-Situ Multi-Step Ligand Formation - Synthesis, Structure, and Magnetism of Bis(μ-methoxo)bis[nitrato(2-methoxy- methylamino-3-methylpyridine)copper(II)] (1998)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 1998 (1998), S. 1577-1579 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-1948
    Keywords: Copper ; Methoxo-bridged complexes ; Crystal structure ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A novel chelating ligand, synthesized in situ within the coordination sphere of CuII from 2-amino-3-methylpyridine, MeOH, and dioxygen from the air, is found to form a strongly coupled, dinuclear methoxo-bridged CuII compound with the formula [Cu(L)(CH3O)(NO3)]2 (L = 2-methoxymethylamino-3-methylpyridine). The geometry around the copper atom is square pyramidal and the Cu-Cu distance within the dinuclear unit is 3.011(2) Å with an Cu-O-Cu angle of 103.13(8)°. Synthesis, X-ray crystal structure, and magnetism are reported.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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