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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The 16-day planetary wave in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (1999)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 17 (1999), S. 1447-1456 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Keywords: Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics ; (middle atmosphere dynamics; thermospheric dynamics; waves and tides)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract A meteor radar located at Sheffield in the UK has been used to measure wind oscillations with periods in the range 10–28 days in the mesosphere/lower-thermosphere region at 53.5°N, 3.9°W from January 1990 to August 1994. The data reveal a motion field in which wave activity occurs over a range of frequencies and in episodes generally lasting for less than two months. A seasonal cycle is apparent in which the largest observed amplitudes are as high as 14 ms−1 and are observed from January to mid-April. A minimum in activity occurs in late June to early July. A second, smaller, maximum follows in late summer/autumn where amplitudes reach up to 7–10 ms−1. Considerable interannual variability is apparent but wave activity is observed in the summers of all the years examined, albeit at very small amplitudes near mid summer. This behaviour suggests that the equatorial winds in the mesopause region do not completely prevent inter-hemispheric ducting of the wave from the winter hemisphere, or that it is generated in situ.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-999-1447-9
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pudendal neuralgia: CT-guided pudendal nerve block technique (1999)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 24 (1999), S. 309-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: Pudendal nerve—Pudendal canal syndrome—Computed tomographic guidance.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Chronic anoperineal pain without any apparent etiology may be caused by compression of the pudendal nerve. This presentation illustrates the course of the pudendal nerve and the technique of computed tomography-guided infiltration of the nerve.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900503
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Genetic mapping of the embryonal carcinoma transplantation resistance locus Gt(B6) to mouse Chromosome 8 (1999)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 49 (1999), S. 949-956 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words Transplantation ; Histocompatibility ; Embryonal carcinoma ; Teratocarcinoma ; Mouse Chromosome 8
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Cytotoxic T lymphocytes play a predominant role in allograft rejection. They mediate this process through recognition of foreign major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I surface molecules encoded at the H2 locus. Embryonal carcinoma cells, the undifferentiated, neoplastic derivatives of primordial germ cells, typically lack detectable MHC class I gene expression. Despite this, embryonal carcinoma cells are subject to allograft rejection in several different mouse strains. In many instances, the H2 locus appears to be genetically linked to resistance. However, rejection of allografts of the F9 embryonal carcinoma cell line, a nullipotent cell line derived from the 129 mouse strain, does not appear to be H2-linked. Resistance to F9 tumor formation in the C57BL/6 mouse strain has been attributed to a single, unidentified locus termed Gt(B6). To genetically map the Gt(B6) locus, a total of 463 (C57BL/6×129)F2 mice were challenged with F9 cells, and 78 tumor-resistant mice were identified. Markers encompassing two candidate regions, the H2 locus on Chromosome (Chr) 17 and a second candidate locus on Chr 2, showed no indication of linkage to the resistance phenotype. Instead, results of a genome wide scan implicated mouse Chr 8, and evidence is presented demonstrating that the Gt(B6) locus maps to a region of less than 10 cM on the medial portion of Chr 8.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050578
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Toxicological analysis in agitated patients (1999)
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 25 (1999), S. 852-854 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Key words Agitated patients ; Mass spectrometry ; Benzodiazepine ; Alcohol ; Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor ; Emergency department
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To assess the toxicological etiologies in agitated patients and to evaluate their initial clinical diagnosis in the light of toxicological results analysis. Design: Prospective clinical study. Setting: Emergency Department (ED) in a 2,650-bed University Hospital. Patients: Fifty-eight consecutively enrolled patients admitted to the ED in agitated states over a 6-month period. Measurements and results: All patients underwent laboratory tests including blood glucose, ethanol and serum drug screening. Toxicology tests were conducted by fluorescence polarization immunoassay and confirmed by high performance liquid chromatography/diode array detector and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The physician's initial diagnosis was evaluated in the light of toxicological analysis results. Serum toxicological analysis revealed that 50/58 patients were under the influence of alcohol and/or a drug. Benzodiazepines (22/58), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (5/58) and opiates (4/58) were the most frequently observed. The initial clinical diagnosis was alcohol intoxication in 39 patients, although 1 patient was not under the influence of alcohol and 16 also had benzodiazepine in their sera. Moreover, the diagnosis of serotonin syndrome was overlooked in two patients. Conclusion: Most agitated patients were under the influence of alcohol and/or a drug. Benzodiazepine alone or in association with alcohol was surprisingly frequent. A serotonin syndrome may explain the agitation state.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001340050964
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Field strength and dose dependence of contrast enhancement by gadolinium-based MR contrast agents (1999)
    Springer
    European radiology 9 (1999), S. 998-1004 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: MR imaging ; Contrast agents ; MR field strength
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The relaxivities r1 and r2 of magnetic resonance contrast agents and the T1 relaxation time values of tissues are strongly field dependent. We present quantitative data and simulations of different gadolinium-based extracellular fluid contrast agents and the modulation of their contrast enhancement by the magnetic field to be able to answer the following questions: How are the dose and field dependences of their contrast enhancement? Is there an interrelationship between dose and field dependence? Should one increase or decrease doses at specific fields? Nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion data were acquired for the following contrast agents: gadopentetate dimeglumine, gadoterate meglumine, gadodiamide injection, and gadoteridol injection, as well as for several normal and pathological human tissue samples. The magnetic field range stretched from 0.0002 to 4.7 T, including the entire clinical imaging range. The data acquired were then fitted with the appropriate theoretical models. The combination of the diamagnetic relaxation rates (R1 = 1/T1 and R2 = 1/T2) of tissues with the respective paramagnetic contributions of the contrast agents allowed the prediction of image contrast at any magnetic field. The results revealed a nearly identical field and dose-dependent increase of contrast enhancement induced by these contrast agents within a certain dose range. The target tissue concentration (TTC) was an important though nonlinear factor for enhancement. The currently recommended dose of 0.1 mmol/kg body weight seems to be a compromise close to the lower limits of diagnostically sufficient contrast enhancement for clinical imaging at all field strengths. At low field contrast enhancement might be insufficient. Adjustment of dose or concentration, or a new class of contrast agents with optimized relaxivity, would be a valuable contribution to a better diagnostic yield of contrast enhancement at all fields.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003300050781
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallization of the N-terminal domain of human sex hormone-binding globulin, the major sex steroid carrier in blood (1999)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 55 (1999), S. 2053-2055 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The amino-teminal laminin G-like domain of human sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), which contains the steroid-binding site and the dimerization domain, has been produced in Escherichia coli, purified to homogeneity and crystallized in complex with 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in two different crystal forms. Native data sets have been collected for tetragonal crystals (space group P4122 or P4322; unit-cell parameters a = 52.2, c = 148.4 Å) diffracting to 3.3 Å and trigonal crystals (R32; a = 104.0, c = 84.4 Å) diffracting to better than 1.6 Å. Since both crystal forms can only accommodate a single monomer in the asymmetric unit and share twofold rotational symmetry, it is proposed that the homodimer of this truncated form of SHBG, as observed in ultracentrifugation experiments, displays C2 point-group symmetry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0907444999012883
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparing crystallographic and solution structures of nitrogenase complexes (1999)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 55 (1999), S. 727-728 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0907444999003856
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Disorder and twin refinement of RNA heptamer double helices (1999)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 55 (1999), S. 1405-1413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: An RNA helix with seven base pairs which was derived from the acceptor stem of Escherichia coli tRNAAla, rGGGGCUA·rUAGCUCC (ALAwt), as well as a variant, rGGGGCUA·rUAGCCCC (ALAC70), in which the single G·U wobble base pair of ALAwt was replaced by G·C, crystallize in space group C2. Both non-isomorphic crystal forms display a complex packing pattern, which can be described alternatively as disorder or pseudo-merohedral twinning. The structure of ALAwt was determined by SIRAS phasing using an isomorphous iodine derivative, rGGGGCi5UA·rUAGCUCC (ALAI). All three RNA structures were subsequently subjected to twin refinement in space group P1, using anisotropic thermal displacement parameters at resolutions of 1.16, 1.23 and 1.4 Å for ALAwt, ALAI and ALAC70, respectively. Alternatively, the structure of ALAwt was refined in space group C2 assuming twofold disorder of the molecular orientation. The refined structures are of reasonable quality according to all available indicators. There are no systematic differences between the molecular models resulting from twin refinement and disorder refinement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0907444999007441
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enthusiastic Embrace or Critical Reception? The German HRM Debate (1999)
    Oxford, UK and Boston, USA : Blackwell Publishers Ltd
    Journal of management studies 36 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-6486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This paper discusses the reception of human resource management (HRM) in Germany. A review of the German HRM debate shows that this is dominated by business administration academics specializing in this field. In the past, these scholars as well as practitioners have generally embraced the techniques as well as the ideology of HRM. This finding can be explained by a relatively low emphasis on empirical research, a neglect of industrial relations issues, and a strong impact of theories and concepts developed in the USA. Today, however, there appears to be a change towards a more critical appreciation of the US HRM model and a more positive assessment of the German HRM model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-6486.00145
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calculations on the Jahn–Teller configurations of the benzene cation (1999)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 111 (1999), S. 10550-10554 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The analysis of the zero-electron-kinetic-energy photoelectron spectra of benzene has led to a reinvestigation by ab initio methods of the electronic states of the C6H6+ cation resulting from Jahn–Teller distortions on ionization. The calculations involving a range of currently used methodologies all verify that the two cation configurations, 2B2g and 2B3g of D2h symmetry, resulting from removal of an electron from the e1g(π) degenerate MOs of C6H6, comprise a true minimum and a transition state, differing only slightly in energy. These are linked through the in-plane b1g vibration, confirming that b1g is actually a pseudorotational coordinate. Hence C6H6+ exhibits similar structural floppiness to the cations of methane and cyclopropane although with a much smaller barrier to pseudorotation than for these smaller species. These results support the general proposition that such Jahn–Teller distortions associated with molecular ionization (of stable closed-shell hydrocarbon molecules of high symmetry) generally involve a quadratic contribution which leads to a single global minimum cation structure, with all other derived stationary states being transition states each characterized by a single imaginary vibration frequency. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.480407
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