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Effects of dust charging associated with an electron beam in the cathode sheath of glow discharges (2000)

Wang, De-Zhen ; Liu, Jin-Yuan ; Ma, Teng-Cai

[S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)

Physics of Plasmas 7 (2000), S. 1053-1055

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ISSN: 1089-7674

Source: AIP Digital Archive

Topics: Physics

Notes: The charging of dust particles caused by the thermal electrons, the cold ions, and the electron beam released from a plane cathode, including secondary emission of dust in a collisionless cathode sheath of glow discharges, is investigated with a self-consistent theoretical model. Effects of the dust charging relevant to the electron beam including secondary emission of dust are important to the dust potential in the close cathode region. Collection of electrons from the electron beam by dust leads to a decline in the dust potential, but secondary emission of dust by the electron beam impact causes a rise in the dust potential. The dust potential can be negative in the whole sheath if an electron beam emitted from a cathode is strong enough. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.873907

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The Impact of the Prospective Payment System on the Technical Efficiency of Hospitals (2000)

Chern, Jin-Yuan ; Wan, Thomas T. H.

Springer

Journal of medical systems 24 (2000), S. 159-172

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ISSN: 1573-689X

Keywords: prospective payment system ; technical efficiency ; DEA analysis

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Abstract In a longitudinal panel study design, 80 hospitals in Virginia were selected for analysis to test the hypothesis that the introduction of the prospective payment system (PPS) in October 1983 had helped hospitals enhance their operational performance in technical efficiency. A non-parametric method called Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was used to calculate and compare the efficiency scores for each peer group of hospitals (by bed size) between the year 1984 and the year 1993. Contrary to expectations, no significant difference in technical efficiency was found in each hospital peer group over the study period. Nevertheless, the case study demonstrates that if hospital managers use this analytical tool appropriately, they may spot where any organizational weakness lies and how they can improve it.