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  • 2020-2023  (18)
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  • 1
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    Determining all integer vertices of the PESP polytope by flipping arcs (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-11
    Description: We investigate polyhedral aspects of the Periodic Event Scheduling Problem (PESP), the mathematical basis for periodic timetabling problems in public transport. Flipping the orientation of arcs, we obtain a new class of valid inequalities, the flip inequalities, comprising both the known cycle and change-cycle inequalities. For a point of the LP relaxation, a violated flip inequality can be found in pseudo-polynomial time, and even in linear time for a spanning tree solution. Our main result is that the integer vertices of the polytope described by the flip inequalities are exactly the vertices of the PESP polytope, i.e., the convex hull of all feasible periodic slacks with corresponding modulo parameters. Moreover, we show that this flip polytope equals the PESP polytope in some special cases. On the computational side, we devise several heuristic approaches concerning the separation of cutting planes from flip inequalities. These produce better dual bounds for the smallest and largest instance of the benchmarking library PESPlib.
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
    Format: application/pdf
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    OPUS
  • 2
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    Hypersurfaces with defect (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-12-11
    Description: A projective hypersurface X⊆P^n has defect if h^i(X) ≠ h^i(P^n) for some i∈{n,…,2n−2} in a suitable cohomology theory. This occurs for example when X⊆P^4 is not Q-factorial. We show that hypersurfaces with defect tend to be very singular: In characteristic 0, we present a lower bound on the Tjurina number, where X is allowed to have arbitrary isolated singularities. For X with mild singularities, we prove a similar result in positive characteristic. As an application, we obtain an estimate on the asymptotic density of hypersurfaces without defect over a finite field.
    Language: English
    Type: article , doc-type:article
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    OPUS
  • 3
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    Determining all integer vertices of the PESP polytope by flipping arcs (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-04-14
    Description: We investigate polyhedral aspects of the Periodic Event Scheduling Problem (PESP), the mathematical basis for periodic timetabling problems in public transport. Flipping the orientation of arcs, we obtain a new class of valid inequalities, the flip inequalities, comprising both the known cycle and change-cycle inequalities. For a point of the LP relaxation, a violated flip inequality can be found in pseudo-polynomial time, and even in linear time for a spanning tree solution. Our main result is that the integer vertices of the polytope described by the flip inequalities are exactly the vertices of the PESP polytope, i.e., the convex hull of all feasible periodic slacks with corresponding modulo parameters. Moreover, we show that this flip polytope equals the PESP polytope in some special cases. On the computational side, we devise several heuristic approaches concerning the separation of cutting planes from flip inequalities. We finally present better dual bounds for the smallest and largest instance of the benchmarking library PESPlib.
    Language: English
    Type: conferenceobject , doc-type:conferenceObject
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    OPUS
  • 4
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    Optimal Forks: Preprocessing Single-Source Shortest Path Instances with Interval Data (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-28
    Description: We investigate preprocessing for single-source shortest path queries in digraphs, where arc costs are only known to lie in an interval. More precisely, we want to decide for each arc whether it is part of some shortest path tree for some realization of costs. We show that this problem is solvable in polynomial time by giving a combinatorial algorithm, using optimal structures that we call forks. Our algorithm turns out to be very efficient in practice, and is sometimes even superior in quality to a heuristic developed for the one-to-one shortest path problem in the context of passenger routing in public transport.
    Language: English
    Type: conferenceobject , doc-type:conferenceObject
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    OPUS
  • 5
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    Microscopic Timetable Optimization for a Moving Block System (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-30
    Description: We present an optimization model which is capable of routing and ordering trains on a microscopic level under a moving block regime. Based on a general timetabling definition (GTTP) that allows the plug in of arbitrarily detailed methods to compute running and headway times, we describe a layered graph approach using velocity expansion, and develop a mixed integer linear programming formulation. Finally, we present promising results for a German corridor scenario with mixed traffic, indicating that applying branch-and-cut to our model is able to solve reasonably sized instances with up to hundred trains to optimality.
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
    Format: application/pdf
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    OPUS
  • 6
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Optimal Forks: Preprocessing Single-Source Shortest Path Instances with Interval Data (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-30
    Description: We investigate preprocessing for single-source shortest path queries in digraphs, where arc costs are only known to lie in an interval. More precisely, we want to decide for each arc whether it is part of some shortest path tree for some realization of costs. We show that this problem is solvable in polynomial time by giving a combinatorial algorithm, using optimal structures that we call forks. Our algorithm turns out to be very efficient in practice, and is sometimes even superior in quality to a heuristic developed for the one-to-one shortest path problem in the context of passenger routing in public transport.
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
    Format: application/pdf
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    OPUS
  • 7
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    Forward Cycle Bases and Periodic Timetabling (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-09-28
    Description: Periodic timetable optimization problems in public transport can be modeled as mixed-integer linear programs by means of the Periodic Event Scheduling Problem (PESP). In order to keep the branch-and-bound tree small, minimum integral cycle bases have been proven successful. We examine forward cycle bases, where no cycle is allowed to contain a backward arc. After reviewing the theory of these bases, we describe the construction of an integral forward cycle basis on a line-based event-activity network. Adding turnarounds to the instance R1L1 of the benchmark library PESPlib, we computationally evaluate three types of forward cycle bases in the Pareto sense, and come up with significant improvements concerning dual bounds.
    Language: English
    Type: conferenceobject , doc-type:conferenceObject
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    OPUS
  • 8
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    Timetable Optimization for a Moving Block System (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-30
    Description: We present an optimization model which is capable of routing and ordering trains on a microscopic level under a moving block regime. Based on a general timetabling definition (GTTP) that allows the plug in of arbitrarily detailed methods to compute running and headway times, we describe a layered graph approach using velocity expansion, and develop a mixed integer linear programming formulation. Finally, we present promising results for a German corridor scenario with mixed traffic, indicating that applying branch-and-cut to our model is able to solve reasonably sized instances with up to hundred trains to optimality.
    Language: English
    Type: article , doc-type:article
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    OPUS
  • 9
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    The Restricted Modulo Network Simplex Method for Integrated Periodic Timetabling and Passenger Routing (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-14
    Description: The Periodic Event Scheduling Problem is a well-studied NP-hard problem with applications in public transportation to find good periodic timetables. Among the most powerful heuristics to solve the periodic timetabling problem is the modulo network simplex method. In this paper, we consider the more difficult version with integrated passenger routing and propose a refined integrated variant to solve this problem on real-world-based instances.
    Language: English
    Type: conferenceobject , doc-type:conferenceObject
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    OPUS
  • 10
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    Forward Cycle Bases and Periodic Timetabling (2021)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-10
    Description: Periodic timetable optimization problems in public transport can be modeled as mixed-integer linear programs by means of the Periodic Event Scheduling Problem (PESP). In order to keep the branch-and-bound tree small, minimum integral cycle bases have been proven successful. We examine forward cycle bases, where no cycle is allowed to contain a backward arc. After reviewing the theory of these bases, we describe the construction of an integral forward cycle basis on a line-based event-activity network. Adding turnarounds to the instance \texttt{R1L1} of the benchmark library PESPlib, we computationally evaluate three types of forward cycle bases in the Pareto sense, and come up with significant improvements concerning dual bounds.
    Language: English
    Type: reportzib , doc-type:preprint
    Format: application/pdf
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
    BibTip Others were also interested in ...
    OPUS
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