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Tachykinins and tachykinin-receptors in the rat pineal gland (2005)

Mukda, S. ; Chetsawang, B. ; Govitrapong, P. ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd

European journal of neuroscience 21 (2005), S. 0

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ISSN: 1460-9568

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Medicine

Notes: High-pressure liquid chromatography of extracts of rat pineal glands, followed by radio immunological analysis with antibodies against tachykinins, demonstrated the presence of substance P, neurokinin A and neurokinin B in the superficial rat pineal gland. Immunohistochemistry on perfusion-fixed rat brain sections showed substance P and neurokinin A to be present in nerve fibers located both in the perivascular spaces as well as intraparenchymally between the pinealocytes. After extracting total RNA, followed by reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction amplification with primers specific for NK1-, NK2- and NK3-receptors, agarose gel analysis of the reaction products showed the presence of mRNA encoding all three neurokinin receptors. Immunohistochemical analysis showed NK1 receptor to be located in the interstitial cells of the gland. This location was confirmed by use of in situ hybridization using radioactively labeled antisense oligonucleotide probes. Double immunohistochemical stainings showed that the NK1-immunoreactive cells were not a part of the macrophages or antigen-presenting cells of the gland. Our study suggests that tachykinins, after release from intrapineal nerve fibers, are involved in an up to now unknown function, different from that of melatonin synthesis.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-9568.2005.04088.x

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Production Scale m〈sup〉3〈/sup〉 Batch Furnace for Hybrid-Heating and Microwave Sintering (2006)

Gerdes, T. ; Willert-Porada, Monika ; Park, Ho Seon ; [et al.]

s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland

Advances in science and technology Vol. 45 (Oct. 2006), p. 869-874

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ISSN: 1662-0356

Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008

Topics: Natural Sciences in General , Technology

Notes: Production scale inert atmosphere microwave sintering has not been successful yet, mainly becauseof lack of suitable equipment. For sintering in air microwave furnaces are available at differentindustrial scale, e.g., gas-microwave hybrid heated batch kilns or microwave “adiabatic casket”tunnel kiln [1]. Inert atmosphere furnaces require vacuum and gastight coupling of microwaveenergy. In the State of the Art technology, microwave-coupling windows represent a heat sinkinside the sintering furnace. Although, radiation heat loss at temperatures 〉 1600 °C can be reducedby using a thermally insulating casket inside the microwave furnace, heat loss and temperaturegradients caused by the microwave transparent windows are still not acceptable. Therefore, a newconcept was developed assisted heating in inert atmosphere sintering furnaces, enabling high powermicrowave coupling by means of high temperature resistant antennas [2]. This paper presentsmicrowave sintering results of commercial powder metallurgical (PM)-parts, details of the antennasystem and the processing technology